Abstract:
The invention encompasses reagents comprising particles with at least one Raman dye and a specific binding members bound thereto and methods of using such reagents. The invention also encompases reagents of a specific binding member and two or more different Raman dyes and methods for using such reagents. New types of particle probes having a specific binding member bound thereto are described. These reagents are used in a novel detection strategy that utilizes the catalytic properties of the Au nanoparticles to generate a silver coating that can behave as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) promoter for the dye-labeled particles that have been captured by target and an underlying chip in microarray format. The strategy provides the high sensitivity and high selectivity attributes of grey-scale scanometric detection but provides a route to multiplexing and ratioing capabilities since a very large number of probes can be designed based upon the concept of using a Raman tag as a spectroscopic fingerprint in detection. These spectra are used as fingerprints to differentiate oligonucleotide or other targets in one solution. This method has been used to distinguish six dissimilar DNA targets with six Raman labeled nanoparticle probes, and also two RNA targets with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
Abstract:
The invention encompasses reagents comprising particles with at least one Raman dye and a specific binding members bound thereto and methods of using such reagents. The invention also encompasses reagents of a specific binding member and two or more different Raman dyes and methods for using such reagents. New types of particle probes having a specific binding member bound thereto are described. These reagents are used in a novel detection strategy that utilizes the catalytic properties of the Au nanoparticles to generate a silver coating that can behave as a surface-enhanced Raman scattering (SERS) promoter for the dye-labeled particles that have been captured by target and an underlying chip in microarray format. The strategy provides the high sensitivity and high selectivity attributes of grey-scale scanometric detection but provides a route to multiplexing and ratioing capabilities since a very large number of probes can be designed based upon the concept of using a Raman tag as a spectroscopic fingerprint in detection. These spectra are used as fingerprints to differentiate oligonucleotide or other targets in one solution. This method has been used to distinguish six dissimilar DNA targets with six Raman labeled nanoparticle probes, and also two RNA targets with single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs).
Abstract:
A method for fabricating scanning probe microscopy (SPM) probes is disclosed. The probes are fabricated by forming a structural layer on a substrate, wherein the substrate forms a cavity. A sacrificial layer is located between the substrate and the structural layer. Upon forming the structural layer, the sacrificial layer is selectively removed, and the probe is then released from the substrate. The substrate may then later be reused to form additional probes. Additionally, a contact printing method using a scanning probe microscopy probe is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Lithographic and nanolithographic methods that involve patterning a first compound on a substrate surface, exposing non-patterned areas of the substrate surface to a second compound and removing the first compound while leaving the second compound intact. The resulting hole patterns can be used as templates for either chemical etching of the patterned area of the substrate or metal deposition on the patterned area of the substrate.
Abstract:
The invention provides a simple and convenient strategy for reducing the dimensions of organic micro- and nanostructures on metal surfaces. By varying electrochemical desorption conditions, organic structures patterned by Dip-Pen Nanolithography or any of the micro-contact printing procedures can be gradually desorbed in a controlled fashion. The electrochemical desorption is initiated at the exterior of the feature and moves inward as a function of time. The desorption process and adsorbate desorption are modified and controlled as a function of substrate morphology, adsorbate head and tail groups, and electrolyte solvent and salt. Different nanostructures made of different adsorbates can be miniaturized based upon judicious selection of adsorbate and supporting electrolyte.
Abstract:
Methods and apparatus comprising a dewetting phase and a polymerization liquid that are immiscible, and can be used for the formation of three-dimensional objects, wherein the method does not require a dead zone. Additionally, methods and apparatus that employ an optically transparent cooling apparatus to mitigate heat generated during the fabrication process, and the use of a mobile phase to provide a shearing interface to reduce interfacial adhesive forces.
Abstract:
Materials and methods for modulating cellular uptake of functionalized nanoparticles are provided. Also provided are materials and methods for modulating the effectiveness of a therapeutic agent with a functionalized nanoparticle.
Abstract:
A method comprises: (i) providing a tip and a substrate surface, (ii) disposing a patterning composition at the end of the tip, (iii) depositing at least some of the patterning composition from the tip to the substrate surface to form a deposit disposed on the substrate surface, wherein the patterning composition comprises at least one patterning species, at least one carrier that is different from the patterning species, and at least one additive different from the patterning species and the carrier.
Abstract:
Un método para la impresión a escala submicrométrica de signos sobre una superficie de un sustrato, que comprende: revestir una disposición de puntas con una composición para dibujar, comprendiendo la disposición de puntas un polímero elastomérico compresible que comprende una pluralidad de puntas que no están en voladizo que tienen cada una un radio de curvatura menor de aproximadamente 1 μm, y un sustrato común que comprende una capa elastomérica que comprende un polímero elastomérico compresible, estando la disposición de puntas y el sustrato común fijados sobre un soporte rígido y siendo la disposición de puntas, sustrato común y soporte rígido juntos al menos traslúcidos; poner en contacto la superficie del sustrato durante un primer período de tiempo de contacto y una primera presión de contacto con todas o sustancialmente todas las puntas revestidas de la disposición para depositar la composición para dibujar sobre la superficie del sustrato para formar signos sustancialmente uniformes con todas o sustancialmente todas las citadas puntas revestidas, teniendo los signos un tamaño de puntos o anchura de línea de menos de 1 μm.
Abstract:
Un arreglo que comprende: una superficie de sustrato, en donde la superficie del sustrato incluye sitios de enlazamiento para una partícula biológica y también sitios que no enlazan la partícula biológica, caracterizado porque dichos sitios de enlazamiento incluyen sitios de enlazamiento de iones metálicos, o sitios de enlazamiento para el metal catiónico divalente, en donde los sitios de enlazamiento sobre la superficie de sustrato tienen cada uno una forma y un tamaño; y una partícula biológica dispuesta sobre cada uno de los sitios de enlazamiento, caracterizada porque la partícula biológica es una proteína, un anticuerpo, o una célula.