Abstract:
An improved system for tuning process control equipment applies a load change of amplitude δq to the process to effect a change in it and, therefore, in the controlled variable. Monitoring the response of the controller to that change, the system identifies an observed overshoot, OVS o , in the manipulated variable signal. From that overshoot signal and a predetermined theoretical overshoot signal, OVS τ , the system generates an optimum gain, K opt , as a function of the mathematical expression K opt = K * (1 + OVS τ ) / (1 + OVS o ) where, K is the current gain of the automatic control subsection, OVS o is the observed overshoot, and OVS τ is the predetermined overshoot.
Abstract:
A manifold block (16) defines a coaxial inlet and outlet of the flowmeter and supports a continuous conduit loop (18) substantially encircling the block and having its inlet and outlet ends closely spaced. Preferably, the loop includes a straight section (26) perpendicular to the inlet and outlet ends. Dual drive units (70) are preferably provided for oscillating the straight section about its perpendicular bisector and position detectors (80) employed near the opposite ends of the straight section, preferably at the same location as the drive units, provide readouts which are combined algebraically and synchronously demodulated to yield an output indicative of mass flow. A second loop (20) identical and parallel to the first, is supported by the block. Interchangeable manifolds are disclosed for series and parallel flow through the two loops, respectively. The plane of the loop or loops can be oriented perpendicular or parallel to the process line.
Abstract:
An integrated circuit board assembly includes two integrated circuit boards. The integrated circuit boards have an electronic circuitry configured on the interior face and a dielectric sealant on the other face. The integrated circuit boards are secured to a frame in such a manner that the interior faces of the integrated circuit boards face inward toward each other. The securing of the frame to the integrated circuit boards is such that it forms a sealed enclosure protecting the electronic circuitry configured therein from the process environment. The exterior faces, however, are exposed to the process environment and are helpful in dissipating heat to the exterior environment.
Abstract:
A sensor provides a measurement and information about the validity of the measurement. The sensor includes a transducer for generating a data signal related to the value of a variable and a transmitter for receiving the data signal and generating output signals. The transmitter generates a first output signal related to the value of the variable. The transmitter also generates a second output signal based on a dynamic uncertainty analysis of the first output signal.
Abstract:
A self-tuning deadtime controller for adaptively adjusting one or several controller parameters during process control activities. The controller tunes, for example, the controller deadtime and the proportional band to optimize deadtime controller performance. The high performance of a deadtime controller is maintained even though the controller is incorrectly pretuned or if the process is subject to loads which change its characteristics.
Abstract:
A capacitive differential pressure sensing device with pressure overrange protection and a method of making the same are described. The device employs a doped polysilicon diaphragm (18) overlying a cavity (16) in a doped single crystal silicon wafer (10) having a port (20) extending into the cavity (16) from the opposite side. The cavity floor (22) serves as an overrange protector.
Abstract:
A pressure sensor sub-assembly (18) has a solid-state sensing element (22) mounted on a laminated ceramic substrate (20) and has the electrical signal contacts (22a) on the sensing element electrically connected to connector pins (24) on the substrate. A manufacturing process can fabricate a batch of sub-assemblies on a substrate structure that is sub-divided to form the separate sub-assemblies. The sensor sub-assemblies can be tested, and graded, before or after the sub-division step, and then each mounted in a housing.
Abstract:
A method for regulating the sodium carbonate concentration of a green liquor (17) in the dissolving tank (14) of the Kraft recovery process by measuring the conductivity of the green liquor from the dissolving tank, measuring the conductivity and flow rate of a weak wash solution (16) being added to the green liquor in the dissolving tank, using these measurements to determine the sodium carbonate concentration of the green liquor in the dissolving tank, and adjusting the volume of the weak wash solution (16) being added to the dissolving tank in response to changes in the concentration of sodium carbonate in the green liquor so as to maintain the concentration of sodium carbonate in the green liquor at a predetermined, preferably constant, level.