Abstract:
Light irradiated to a sample is detected by a detector in order to measure the optical properties of the sample. The image of a minute virtual light source for the light is focused in the neighborhood of the measuring face of the sample by a first optical system arranged between the light source and the sample. The light outgoing from the sample is incident to the detector by way of a second optical system arranged between the sample and the detector and having conjugate points in the neighborhood of the measuring face of the sample and of the light receiving point of the detector.
Abstract:
A mercury detection system that includes a flow cell having a mercury sensor, a light source and a light detector is provided. The mercury sensor includes a transparent substrate and a submonolayer of mercury absorbing nanoparticles, e.g., gold nanoparticles, on a surface of the substrate. Methods of determining whether mercury is present in a sample using the mercury sensors are also provided. The subject mercury detection systems and methods find use in a variety of different applications, including mercury detecting applications.
Abstract:
The invention concerns spectrophotometer devices that provide for ultrasensitive measurements through a reflection interaction with matter. Embodiments of the invention use sealed housings (112, 600, 700) lacking an internal light source, and reflection based sample and reference cells. In some embodiments a substantially solid thermally conductive housing (600, 700) is used. Oilier features of preferred embodiments include particular reflection based sample and reference cells. A total internal reflection embodiment includes a prism (302, 322, 622a, 623a) including an interaction surface, a detector, a lens that focuses a beam output from the prism onto the detector, and a closed interaction volume having an inlet and an outlet for delivering gas or liquid to the interaction surface. In a specular reflection embodiment, a reflective surface (402, 422) is used. In a diffuse reflection embodiment a matte surface (502, 522) is used and the matte surface produces scattering.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung betrifft eine Infrarotmessvorrichtung, insbesondere für die Spektrometrie wässriger Systeme, umfassend mindestens eine Messeinheit, insbesondere eine Messzelle, umfassend mindestens einen ATR-Körper und mindestens eine Infrarot-Lichtquelle, wobei die Messeinheit mindestens einen ATR-Körper enthält, der mindestens zwei ebene, im wesentlichen parallele Begrenzungsflächen umfasst, der für die Messstrahlung transparent ist und der einen Brechungsindex aufweist, der grösser ist als der eines an mindestens eine Begrenzungsfläche angrenzenden, zu untersuchenden Mediums, insbesondere grösser oder gleich 1.5, wobei die IR-Messstrahlung an mindestens einer der ebenen, parallelen Begrenzungsflächen des ATR-Körpers mindestens sechsmal abgeschwächt totalreflektierbar ist.
Abstract:
The novel spectrum analysis and absorption measurement process with controlled spectral range provides new facilities for spectrum analysis and the measurement of small uneven objects. The use of centring beams makes it possible to measured objects in depth (translucence, opalescence). The use of a CCD sensor instead of the PIN photodiode makes it possible to measure entire 3-dimensional bodies by spectrum analysis. Contact-free measurement means that this measuring process provides new opportunities on the production line and in the automatic production of textiles, paper, paints, foodstuffs, etc.
Abstract:
In a method and apparatus (400), a property of an optically diffuse medium comprising a first optical absorber having a first concentration and a second optical absorber having a second concentration is determined. A surface area (406) of the medium is imaged at multiple wavelengths around an isosbestic wavelength of the first absorber and the second absorber. A reflectance spectrum of the medium at the surface area at the multiple wavelengths is determined. A derivative of the determined reflectance spectrum around the isosbestic wavelength is determined. From the derivative, a concentration ratio of the first concentration and the second concentration is estimated.
Abstract:
Die vorliegende Erfindung betrifft eine Messlichtquelle zum Erzeugen von Messlicht mit einer gleichmäßigen räumlichen Beleuchtungsstärkeverteilung. Die Messlichtquelle umfasst einen Hohlkörper (01) mit einer diffus reflektierenden Innenfläche. Im Hohlkörper (01) sind ein konkaver, hohlspiegelförmiger Beleuchtungsraum (04), ein rohrartiger Lichtformungsraum (06) und ein konkaver, hohlspiegelförmiger Lichtaustrittsraum (07) ausgebildet, die eine gemeinsame Achse (03) aufweisen. Im Beleuchtungsraum (04) ist eine Lichtquelle (08) zum Erzeugen von Licht zumindest teilweise angeordnet. Der Lichtaustrittsraum (07) weist einen Lichtaustritt (14) auf. Der Beleuchtungsraum (04) und der Lichtaustrittsraum (07) stehen sich mit ihren Hohlspiegelformen gegenüber und sind durch den rohrartigen Lichtformungsraum (06) verbunden. Erfindungsgemäß ist im Hohlkörper (01) eine diffus reflektierende Reflexionsscheibe (11) zum Reflektieren des von der im Lichtaustrittsraum (07) angeordneten Innenfläche des Hohlkörpers (01) reflektierten Lichtes durch den Lichtaustritt (14) nach außerhalb des Hohlkörpers (01) angeordnet. Im Weiteren betrifft die Erfindung eine Messanordnung zum Erfassen eines absoluten Reflexionsspektrums einer Probe und zum Durchführen einer Referenzmessung.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an infrared measuring device, especially for the spectrometry of aqueous systems. Said device comprises at least one measuring unit, especially a measuring cell, also comprising at least one ATR-body and at least one infrared light source. The measuring unit contains at least one ATR-body which comprises at least two planar, substantially parallel limiting surfaces and which is transparent with respect to measuring radiation and which has an index of refraction which is greater than that of the medium which is arranged next to at least one limiting surface and which is to be examined, especially larger or equal to 1.5. The IR-measuring radiation on at least one of the planar, parallel limiting surfaces of the ATR-body can be totally reflected in an attenuated manner by at least six times.