Abstract:
A photomultiplier which can be easily made compact has a dynode unit (60) constituted by stacking a plurality of stages of dynode plates (6) in an electron incident direction in a vacuum container constituted by a housing (1) and a base member (4) integrally formed with the housing. Each dynode plate has an engaging member (9) engaged with a connecting pin (11) for applying a voltage at a side surface thereof. Through holes for guiding the connecting pins from the outside of the container are formed in the base member. Each engaging member is arranged not to overlap the remaining engaging members in the stacking direction of the dynode plates. The arrangement position of each engaging member and the arrangement position of the through hole for guiding the corresponding connecting pin to be connected are matched with each other.
Abstract:
A photomultiplier comprising an electron multiplier for minimizing a variation in multiplication factor and noise is characterized in that insulating members (80a,b) are aligned on the same line (606) to insulate a plurality of dynode plates for constituting a dynode unit from each other, thereby preventing a damage to each dynode plate. At the same time, a through hole (600) is formed to fix the insulating member provided to each dynode plate such that a gap is provided between the major surface of the dynode plate and the surface of the insulating member, thereby preventing discharge between dynode plates, which is caused due to dust or the like deposited on the surface of the insulating member.
Abstract:
A photomultiplier has a focusing electrode plate (7) for supporting focusing electrodes, provided between a photocathode (3) and a dynode unit (60). Since the focusing electrode plate has holding springs (7a,7b) which are integrally formed with the focusing electrode plate, resistance-welding becomes unnecessary to prevent field discharge. A concave portion is formed in a main surface of the focusing electrode plate to arrange an insulating member (8a,8b) sandwiched between the focusing electrode plate and the photoelectron incidence side of the dynode unit and partially in contact with the concave portion. With this structure, discharge between the focusing electrode plate and the dynode unit can be prevented.
Abstract:
The photocathode according to this invention is characterized in that an aluminium thin film (2) is formed on a substrate (1), and then an antimony thin layer (3) is deposited directly on the aluminium thin film (2) and is activated by an alkali metal. It is especially preferable that the antimony thin layer (2) is deposited in a thickness of 15 µg/cm2 to 45 µg/cm2 and is activated by an alkali metal. Such reflection-type photocathode is applicable to photomultipliers. Among functions which are considered to be done by the A film (2), which is in direct contact with the Sb layer (3), a first one is to prevent the alloying between the Sb layer (3) and the substrate (1) (e. g. , Ni) , and a second one is to augment a reflectance of light to be detected.
Abstract translation:根据本发明的光电阴极的特征在于,在基板(1)上形成铝薄膜(2),然后将锑薄层(3)直接沉积在铝薄膜(2)上并被 碱金属。 特别优选的是,锑薄层(2)以15g / cm 2至45g / cm 2的厚度沉积,并被碱金属活化。 这种反射型光电阴极适用于光电倍增管。 在与Sb层(3)直接接触的由A薄膜(2)认为完成的功能中,第一种是防止Sb层(3)和基板之间的合金化 (1)(例如,Ni),第二个是增加要检测的光的反射率。
Abstract:
A high performance reflection type photocathode for use in a photomultiplier tube is formed by sequentially depositing three layers on a substrate (1) made of nickel. The first layer (2) is made of chromium, manganese or magnesium as a major component and is deposited over the substrate (1). The second layer (3) is made of aluminium as a major component and is deposited over the first layer (2). The third layer (4) is made of antimony and at least one kind of alkaline metal and is deposited over the second layer (3).
Abstract:
There is disclosed a process for forming a photocathode having high quantum yield which comprises the first step of making a number of fine concavities and convexities (14) in a surface (11) of a substrate (12) finished substantially in a mirror; the second step of blunting the fine concavities and convexities (14); and the third step of coating a photoelectron emissive material (15) on the surface of the substrate (12).
Abstract:
L' invention concerne un procédé de fabrication d'un intensificateur d'images radiologiques. Avant de les introduire dans l'I.I.R., on recouvre toutes ou partie, d'une ou de toutes les électrodes(G₁, G₂, G₃)d'une couche d'un polymère organique conducteur électronique de l'électricité, et ayant la propriété de réagir chimiquement avec les métaux alcalins déposés sur les électrodes On supprime ainsi l'éclairage parasite de l'écran d'observation (4) dû aux métaux alcalins déposés sur les électrodes lors de l'élaboration de la photocathode (3).
Abstract:
An alkali metal generating agent (1) for use in forming a photoelectric surface emitting a photoelectron corresponding to an incident light or a secondary electron emission surface emitting a secondary electron corresponding to an incident electron, which comprises an oxidizing agent comprising at least one vanadate having an alkali metal ion as a counter cation and a reducing agent for reducing the above cation. The above metal generating agent (1), which includes a vanadate having weaker oxidizing power than that of a chromate, undergoes slower oxidation-reduction reaction, which results in easier reaction rate control as compared to a conventional technique using a chromate, leading to the generation of an alkali metal with good stability.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to an alkali metal generating agent and others for formation of a photo-cathode or a secondary-electron emitting surface capable of stably generating an alkali metal. The alkali metal generating agent is used in formation of a photo-cathode for emitting a photoelectron corresponding to incident light, or in formation of a secondary-electron emitting surface for emitting secondary electrons corresponding to an incident electron. Particularly, the alkali metal generating agent contains at least an oxidizer comprising at least one molybdate with an alkali metal ion as a counter cation, and a reducer for reducing the ion. An alkali metal generating device comprises at least the alkali metal generating agent and a case housing it, and the case is provided with a discharge port for discharging the vapor of the alkali metal.