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    Methods of forming nanocavity laser structures
    132.
    发明授权
    Methods of forming nanocavity laser structures 有权
    形成纳米腔激光结构的方法

    公开(公告)号：US07351601B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-04-01

    申请号：US10967072

    申请日：2004-10-15

    Applicant: Axel Scherer

    Inventor： Axel Scherer

    IPC: H01L21/02 ,  H01S3/091

    CPC classification number: G02B6/1225 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02F3/00 ,  H01S5/1042 ,  H01S5/105 ,  H01S5/3412 ,  H01S5/34306 ,  H01S5/50

    Abstract: Optical switches and logic devices comprising microstructure-doped nanocavity lasers are described. These switches and logic devices have gain and thus can be cascaded and integrated in a network or system such as for example on a chip. Exemplary switching elements switch the intensity, wavelength, or direction of the output. Exemplary logic devices include AND, OR, NAND, NOR, NOT, and XOR gates as well as flip-flops. Microfluidic sorting and delivery as well as optical tweezing and trapping may be employ to select and position a light emitter in an nanooptical cavity to form the nanolaser.

    Abstract translation: 描述了包括微结构掺杂的纳米腔激光器的光开关和逻辑器件。 这些开关和逻辑器件具有增益，因此可以级联并集成在网络或系统中，例如在芯片上。 示例性的开关元件切换输出的强度，波长或方向。 示例性逻辑器件包括AND，OR，NAND，NOR，NOT和XOR门以及触发器。 微流控分选和输送以及光学镊子和捕获可用于选择和定位纳米光腔中的发光体以形成纳米激光。

    Ferroelectric nanophotonic materials and devices
    133.
    发明授权
    Ferroelectric nanophotonic materials and devices 有权
    铁电纳米光子材料和器件

    公开(公告)号：US07346248B2

    公开(公告)日：2008-03-18

    申请号：US11497935

    申请日：2006-08-01

    Applicant: Harry A. Atwater ,  Kaushik Bhattacharya ,  Kaushik Dayal ,  Matthew Dicken ,  Demetri Psaltis ,  Axel Scherer ,  Guruswami Ravichandran

    Inventor： Harry A. Atwater ,  Kaushik Bhattacharya ,  Kaushik Dayal ,  Matthew Dicken ,  Demetri Psaltis ,  Axel Scherer ,  Guruswami Ravichandran

    IPC: G02B6/00

    CPC classification number: G02F1/03 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/3574 ,  G02F2202/32

    Abstract: Systems and methods for manipulating light with tunable ferroelectric photonic devices. Devices having tunable properties that exhibit photonic bandgap behavior are fabricated from ferroelectric materials. Apparatus is provided to apply tuning signals to the ferroelectric material using one or more of electric fields, mechanical forces, optical fields, and thermal fields. Control circuitry is provided to generate the control signals needed to apply the tuning signals. Input and output ports are provided to allow input signals to be received and to provide output signals. In some cases, a feedback loop is provided to use a portion of the output signal as a diagnostic signal for control of the operation of the device within an acceptable range. It is expected that ferroelectric photonic devices operating according to principles of the invention will be useful for a wide variety of applications, including optical switching, optical modulation, optical computing, and performing logic optically.

    Abstract translation: 用可调谐铁电光子器件操纵光的系统和方法。 具有光子带隙特性的具有可调谐特性的器件由铁电材料制成。 提供了使用电场，机械力，光场和热场中的一个或多个来将调谐信号施加到铁电材料的装置。 提供控制电路以产生应用调谐信号所需的控制信号。 提供输入和输出端口以允许接收输入信号并提供输出信号。 在一些情况下，提供反馈回路以使用输出信号的一部分作为用于在可接受范围内控制装置的操作的诊断信号。 期望根据本发明的原理操作的铁电光子器件对于各种应用（包括光学开关，光学调制，光学计算和光学执行逻辑）将是有用的。

    Apparatus and method for two-and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging using ferromagnetic spheres
    134.
    发明申请
    Apparatus and method for two-and three-dimensional magnetic resonance imaging using ferromagnetic spheres 审中-公开
    使用铁磁球的二维和三维磁共振成像的装置和方法

    公开(公告)号：US20070238971A1

    公开(公告)日：2007-10-11

    申请号：US11649643

    申请日：2007-01-04

    Applicant: Mladen Barbic ,  Axel Scherer

    Inventor： Mladen Barbic ,  Axel Scherer

    IPC: G01V3/00

    CPC classification number: G01R33/48 ,  G01R33/30 ,  G01R33/3808 ,  G01R33/383

    Abstract: Systems and methods for obtaining two- and three-dimensional magnetic resonance images by using azimuthally symmetric dipolar magnetic fields from magnetic spheres. A complete two- or three-dimensional structured rendering of a sample can be obtained without the motion of the sample relative to the sphere. Magnetic spheres in the range of 100 μm and 100 nm are used with samples that are approximately one-tenth as large as the magnetic sphere. Sequential positioning of the integrated sample-sphere system in an external magnetic field at various angular orientations provides all the required imaging slices for successful computerized tomographic image reconstruction. The requirement to scan the sample relative to the magnetic tip is eliminated. Resolutions approaching atomic dimensions are expected to be obtained.

    Abstract translation: 通过使用磁球的方位角对称偶极磁场获得二维和三维磁共振图像的系统和方法。 可以获得样品的完整的二维或三维结构渲染，而不需要样品相对于球体的运动。 使用范围为100um和100nm的磁性球体，其尺寸约为磁性球体的十分之一。 集成样品球系统在各种角度取向的外部磁场中的顺序定位为成功的计算机断层图像重建提供了所有所需的成像切片。 消除了相对于磁头扫描样品的要求。 预计将获得接近原子尺寸的分辨率。

    High throughput multi-antigen microfluidic fluorescence immunoassays
    137.
    发明申请
    High throughput multi-antigen microfluidic fluorescence immunoassays 审中-公开
    高通量多抗原微流体荧光免疫测定

    公开(公告)号：US20060263818A1

    公开(公告)日：2006-11-23

    申请号：US11439288

    申请日：2006-05-22

    Applicant: Axel Scherer ,  Emil Kartalov ,  W. Anderson ,  Clive Taylor

    Inventor： Axel Scherer ,  Emil Kartalov ,  W. Anderson ,  Clive Taylor

    IPC: C12Q1/68 ,  G01N33/53 ,  C12M1/34

    CPC classification number: G01N33/582 ,  B01L3/502707 ,  B01L3/50273 ,  B01L3/502738 ,  B01L2200/0605 ,  B01L2200/0621 ,  B01L2300/0636 ,  B01L2300/0861 ,  B01L2400/0481 ,  B01L2400/0487 ,  B01L2400/0655

    Abstract: The development of a high-throughput multi-antigen microfluidic fluorescence immunoassay system is illustrated in a 100-chamber PDMS (polydimethylsiloxane) chip which performs up to 5 tests for each of 10 samples. Specificity of detection is demonstrated and calibration curves produced for C-Reactive Protein (CRP), Prostate Specific Antigen (PSA), ferritin, and Vascular Endothelial Growth Factor (VEGF). The measurements show sensitivity at and below levels that are significant in current clinical laboratory practice (with SIN>8 at as low as 10 pM antigen concentration). The chip uses 100 nL per sample for all four tests and provides an improved instrument for use in scientific research and “point-of-care” testing in medicine.

    Abstract translation: 高通量多抗原微流体荧光免疫测定系统的开发在100个腔室PDMS（聚二甲基硅氧烷）芯片中进行了说明，该芯片对10个样品中的每一个进行多达5次测试。 证明了检测的特异性，并为C-反应蛋白（CRP），前列腺特异性抗原（PSA），铁蛋白和血管内皮生长因子（VEGF）产生了校准曲线。 测量显示当前临床实验室实践中显着的敏感度和水平以下（SIN> 8，低至10 pM抗原浓度）。 该芯片用于所有四个测试，每个样品使用100nL，并提供用于医学科学研究和“点护理”测试的改进仪器。

    Methods for controlling positions of the guided modes of the photonic crystal waveguides
    139.
    发明授权
    Methods for controlling positions of the guided modes of the photonic crystal waveguides 失效
    用于控制光子晶体波导的引导模式的位置的方法

    公开(公告)号：US06944384B2

    公开(公告)日：2005-09-13

    申请号：US10044017

    申请日：2002-01-10

    Applicant: Marko Loncar ,  Jelena Vuckovic ,  Axel Scherer

    Inventor： Marko Loncar ,  Jelena Vuckovic ,  Axel Scherer

    IPC: G02B6/122 ,  G02B6/10

    CPC classification number: B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/1225

    Abstract: The invention is directed to different methods for controlling the positions of the guided modes of the photonic crystal waveguides. Methods based on both rearrangement of the holes and changing the size of the holes are presented. We have observed and explained the appearance of acceptor-type modes and the donor-type waveguides. The ability to tune frequencies of the guided modes within a frequency bandgap is necessary in order to achieve efficient guiding of light within a waveguide (reduced lateral and vertical waveguide losses) as well as to match frequencies of eigen modes of different photonic crystal based devices in order to have good coupling between them.

    Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于控制光子晶体波导的引导模式的位置的不同方法。 提出了基于孔的重新排列和改变孔的尺寸的方法。 我们已经观察并解释了受体型模式和供体型波导的出现。 为了实现波导内的光的有效引导（降低的横向波导和垂直波导损耗）以及将不同基于光子晶体的器件的本征模式的频率相匹配，在频带隙内调谐引导模式的频率的能力是必要的 为了使它们之间具有良好的耦合。

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