Abstract:
A microwave C-, T- or S-switch (200) has an actuator (208) of circular shape that is rotated by a suitable motor (210). Each conductor path of the switch contains a connector (214 , 216, 218, 220) having two positions, one position connecting the conductor path and a second position interrupting the conductor path. The conductor paths and connectors (214 , 216, 218, 220) are enclosed within a housing (204) and a pin (222, 224, 226, 228) is mounted on each connector and extends outside of the housing through a suitable opening (234, 236). Each pin is spring-mounted so that the conductor path is connected when the pin is depressed and interrupted when the pin is released. The actuator (208) is shaped and mounted to override the pins, the actuator containing one or more ridges (246) and one or more indentations (248). When a ridge overrides a pin, the pin is depressed and the conductor path is connected. When an indentation overrides a pin, the pin is released and the conductor path is interrupted. By properly arranging the size and location of ridges and indentations on the actuator, the conductor paths can be connected or interrupted simply by rotating the actuator through two or more positions. The switch achieves mass and volume savings over previous switches. Also, the switch is simple and relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
Abstract:
A microwave C-, T- or S-switch (200) has an actuator (208) of circular shape that is rotated by a suitable motor (210). Each conductor path of the switch contains a connector (214 , 216, 218, 220) having two positions, one position connecting the conductor path and a second position interrupting the conductor path. The conductor paths and connectors (214 , 216, 218, 220) are enclosed within a housing (204) and a pin (222, 224, 226, 228) is mounted on each connector and extends outside of the housing through a suitable opening (234, 236). Each pin is spring-mounted so that the conductor path is connected when the pin is depressed and interrupted when the pin is released. The actuator (208) is shaped and mounted to override the pins, the actuator containing one or more ridges (246) and one or more indentations (248). When a ridge overrides a pin, the pin is depressed and the conductor path is connected. When an indentation overrides a pin, the pin is released and the conductor path is interrupted. By properly arranging the size and location of ridges and indentations on the actuator, the conductor paths can be connected or interrupted simply by rotating the actuator through two or more positions. The switch achieves mass and volume savings over previous switches. Also, the switch is simple and relatively inexpensive to manufacture.
Abstract:
C-, T- and S-switches have a connector or reed (216,220) in each conducting path. The connector or reed contains a support (230) for a permanent magnet (224, 228). All of the magnets (224, 228) of the connectors (216, 220) have the same polarity. The connectors, supports (230) and permanent reed magnets in the supports are contained within an RF cavity housing (204), which is completely sealed from an actuator (208). The actuator has a circular shape and contains permanent magnets (236, 238) that correspond in their configuration to the reed magnets of the housing. At least two magnets of the actuator have different polarities. The actuator can be rotated by a motor (210) to two or more positions. In one position, one or more of the reed magnets are attracted and one or more of the reed magnets are attracted and one or more of the reed magnets are repelled. The switch is designed so that when a reed magnet is attracted, the conducting path in which the connector is located is interrupted and when a reed magnet is repelled, the conducting path is connected. Previous switches are more expensive to manufacture and more complex, thereby increasing the likelihood of premature failure. Previous switches do not have a housing that is completely sealed from an actuator.
Abstract:
A triple mode dielectric loaded bandpass filter (28) has at least one cavity (30) resonating in three independent orthogonal modes. The triple mode cavity (30) can be mounted adjacent another cavity (32) which may be either a single, dual or triple mode cavity. Any reasonable number of cavities can be used as well as various arrangements of cavities. Inter-cavity coupling is achieved through an iris (34) having two separate apertures (36, 38) that together form a T-shape. The cavities are planar mounted. The fitter (28) is designed for use in the satellite communication industry and results in substantial savings in weight and size when compared to previous filters.
Abstract:
An apparatus for optical pointing is disclosed. The apparatus comprises a telescope, a transmission prism rotatably coupled to the telescope, and a rotatable mechanism operatively coupled to the telescope. The transmission prism is configured to rotate around a first rotation axis, and the rotatable mechanism is configured to rotate around a second rotation axis that is different than the first rotation axis.
Abstract:
A microwave switch housing assembly for operation in a selected frequency range. The housing assembly includes a housing having ports, a rotor containing at least one waveguide passage, and power absorbing material positioned either in the housing or in the rotor. Ports are positioned within the housing it so that in a first position of the rotor, the waveguide passage connects the ports and in a second position of the rotor, the waveguide passage is unconnected to the ports. The power absorbing material is positioned adjacent to one end of said waveguide passage when said rotor is in said second position it absorbs electromagnetic energy in the frequency range and reduces the tendency of the isolation passage to act as a volume resonator when the rotor is in the second position.
Abstract:
An antenna including a common ground plane, a first set of n approximately resonant elements with a length l 2 and a second set of n approximately resonant elements with a length l 1 . The first set of n approximately resonant elements are wound to form a first helix with an initial diameter d 2 and a height h 2 . The second set of n approximately resonant elements are wound in the opposite direction to the first set of n approximately resonant elements to form a second helix. The second helix is centrally disposed within the first helix, and has an initial diameter d 1 and a height h 1 where d 1 is less than d 2 and h 1 is greater than h 2.
Abstract:
A system and method of calibrating an S parameter measurement instrument (such as a vector network analyzer) in which the number of calibrations required to fully characterize the error model of an n-port system is n/2 calibrations for an even number of ports and (n+1)/2 calibrations for an odd number of ports. Each test port in the system is involved in at least one full calibration, thus n/2 test paths are fully calibrated. For each measured test path, the error terms of the applicable error model are calculated. These error terms are then decoupled from the associated test path into error parameters that are localized to the individual test ports of the test path. Having localized the error parameters, the error model for each test port can then be treated independently from the other test ports. The error terms for the test paths that are not calibrated are then constructed using the localized error parameters for the individual test ports.