Abstract:
Direct label probe compositions which stain DNA of a preselected single chromosome or region of a chromosome of a multi-chromosomal genome are provided that comprise mixed DNA segments which are covalently bound to fluorophore groups through linking groups. The mixed DNA segments are derived from the DNA present in the preselected chromosome or chromosome region. These probe compositions can be used concurrently or sequentially with other probe compositions.
Abstract:
The invention is directed to laterally confined optical waveguide devices in semiconductors using quantum-well structures. An optical waveguide (39) having a core (47) comprising at least one quantum-well structure (62, 64) is interposed between first and second cladding regions (43, 45) such that an optical beam (51) inserted into the core region (47) spreads laterally (53) with respect to a primary direction of the beam. Contacts (41) are fabricated on the surface of the top cladding region (45) and serve as means for applying an electric field to the core of the waveguide. The electric field induces a change in the refractive index of the portion of the quantum-well structure (62, 64) within the field. The change in the refractive index functions to laterally confine the propagation of the optical beam to the region of the core (47) within the electric field, while maintaining a low loss transmission. Controlling the lateral propagation of an optical beam by way of an applied electric field allows a family of low-loss optical devices such as modulators and switches to be realized. Such devices can be fabricated without regard to their orientation in the crystalline structure of the semiconductor material.
Abstract:
A process for the production of aromatic esters of aromatic anhydrides with improved color properties is disclosed. This process comprises treating the aromatic ester or aromatic anhydride with an activated boric acid followed by fractionation.
Abstract:
An improved overbased sulfurized alkaline earth metal phenate detergent lubricating oil additive and the process for its preparation are disclosed. The overbased sulfurized alkaline earth metal phenate detergent lubricating oil additive comprises the reaction product of an alkaline earth metal compound, sulfur, and an alkylphenol in the presence of a polyhydroxy compound and, an alkaline earth metal alkylbenzene sulfonate wherein the reaction mixture is carbonated with carbon dioxide. A lubricating oil composition comprising a major amount of a lubricating oil as base oil and a minor amount of said overbased sulfurized alkaline earth metal phenate detergent lubricating oil additive demonstrates improved storage at elevated temperatures, improved water tolerance and improved compatibility of the phenate-sulfonate mixture, particularly if water is present.
Abstract:
This invention relates to an apparatus and method for uniformly transmitting pressure to laminate a conductor or printed circuit to an at least two-dimensional substrate surface so that the bonding of one to the other is uniform across the surface including the periphery of the surface. The invention includes multiple platens disposed opposite each other. One platen contains a cavity for insertion of a substantial thickness of the substrate while the other platen has attached to it a cylinder having portions of its volume divided by multiple diaphragms. One of the diaphragms is a mold shaped to be a mirror image of the surface of the substrate, and which is confined in the distal end of the cylinder. An alternative embodiment is directed to the use of a bellows attached to the noted platen in place of the cylinder. The bellows has at its distal end the mentioned mold. This technique permits not only a uniform lamination technique, but also provides a technique for eliminating the hazard of using a bladder with hot pressurized fluid which can burst or jet fluid at personnel.
Abstract:
A whirl resistant drill bit is disclosed for use in rotary drilling. The drill bit (10) includes a generally cylindrical bit body (12) with a plurality of cutting elements (c) extending out from a lower end surface. The cutter elements are grouped in sets such that a first set of cutters (C-6 to C-10) are disposed at substantially an equal radius from a center of the bit body to create a groove in the material being drilled. A second set of cutters (C-1 to C-5) with each cutter therein in overlapping radial relationship with each other and extending a maximum distance from the lower end surface less than that of the first set of cutters. At least one cutter of the second set is in overlapping radial relationship with at least one of the cutters within the first set of cutters.
Abstract:
A process is provided for preventing grease fires, which is particularly useful in steel mills and process mills. In the process, when a flame is ignited and approaches a special grease, the special grease emits carbon dioxide to extinguish the flame and prevents combustion of the grease.
Abstract:
A process is disclosed for preparing hydroxyethers of epoxidized polybutenes wherein the epoxide groups of said epoxidized polybutenes are about 70 % trisubstituted and about 20 % tetrasubstituted. Hydroxyl compounds are reacted with epoxidized polybutenes to obtain compounds of increased flexibility, water resistance, lubricity, and adhesion as compared with said hydroxyl compounds.
Abstract:
Optical radiation (3) from a laser diode (1) is frequency modified through interaction with a nonlinear optical material (7) in an external optical cavity (5, 6). High efficiency frequency modification is achieved through the use of optical feedback from the external cavity (5, 6) to narrow the linewidth of the laser diode output (3) and frequency lock the laser diode (1) to the external cavity (5, 6).
Abstract:
Polyamide-imide compositions, including amic acid precursors thereto, having in their molecules recurring units based on aromatic tri- and tetracarbonyl moieties joined by a bisphenoxyphenyl structure exhibit a desirable combination of chemical, mechanical and thermal properties and retention of these properties on exposure to elevated temperatures even after saturation with water.