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    Discharge device having cathode with micro hollow array
    151.
    发明授权
    Discharge device having cathode with micro hollow array 有权
    具有阴极和微空心阵列的放电装置

    公开(公告)号：US06346770B1

    公开(公告)日：2002-02-12

    申请号：US09533008

    申请日：2000-03-22

    Applicant: Karl H. Schoenbach ,  Wojciech W. Byszewski ,  Frank E. Peterkin ,  Amin N. Dharamsi

    Inventor： Karl H. Schoenbach ,  Wojciech W. Byszewski ,  Frank E. Peterkin ,  Amin N. Dharamsi

    IPC: H01J6106

    CPC classification number: H01J3/025 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J3/04 ,  H01J17/04 ,  H01J17/06 ,  H01J27/08 ,  H01J61/067 ,  H01J61/09 ,  H01J61/12 ,  H01J61/305 ,  H01J61/66 ,  H01J61/72 ,  H01J61/78 ,  H01S3/03 ,  H01S3/0382 ,  H01S3/0385 ,  H01S3/2383

    Abstract: A discharge device for operation in a gas at a prescribed pressure includes a cathode having a plurality of micro hollows therein, and an anode spaced from the cathode. Each of the micro hollows has dimensions selected to produce a micro hollow discharge at the prescribed pressure. Preferably, each of the micro hollows has a cross-sectional dimension that is on the order of the mean free path of electrons in the gas. Electrical energy is coupled to the cathode and the anode at a voltage and current for producing micro hollow discharges in each of the micro hollows in the cathode. The discharge device may include a discharge chamber for maintaining the prescribed pressure. A dielectric layer may be disposed on the cathode when the spacing between the cathode and the anode is greater than about the mean free path of electrons in the gas. Applications of the discharge device include fluorescent lamps, excimer lamps, flat fluorescent light sources, miniature gas lasers, electron sources and ion sources.

    Abstract translation: 用于在规定压力下操作气体的放电装置包括其中具有多个微型空腔的​​阴极和与阴极间隔开的阳极。 每个微型空腔具有选定的尺寸以在规定的压力下产生微细的中空排出。 优选地，每个微型空腔的​​横截面尺寸都是气体中电子的平均自由程的数量级。 电能以负极和电流耦合到阴极和阳极，用于在阴极中的每个微型空腔中产生微空心放电。 排出装置可以包括用于维持规定压力的排出室。 当阴极和阳极之间的间隔大于气体中电子的平均自由程时，电介质层可以设置在阴极上。 放电装置的应用包括荧光灯，准分子灯，平面荧光光源，微型气体激光器，电子源和离子源。

    Closed drift hollow cathode
    152.
    发明授权
    Closed drift hollow cathode 失效
    封闭漂移空心阴极

    公开(公告)号：US06323586B1

    公开(公告)日：2001-11-27

    申请号：US09264477

    申请日：1999-03-08

    Applicant: Viacheslav V. Zhurin ,  James R. Kahn ,  Harold R. Kaufman

    Inventor： Viacheslav V. Zhurin ,  James R. Kahn ,  Harold R. Kaufman

    IPC: H01J150

    CPC classification number: F03H1/00 ,  H01J1/025 ,  H01J1/50 ,  H01J3/025

    Abstract: In accordance with one specific embodiment of the present invention, the closed drift hollow cathode comprises an axisymmetric discharge region into which an ionizable gas is introduced, an annular electron emitting cathode insert disposed laterally about that discharge region, a surrounding enclosure, an aperture in that enclosure disposed near the axis of symmetry and at one end of that region, and a magnetic field within that region which is both axisymmetric and generally disposed transverse to a path from the cathode insert to the aperture. An electrical discharge is established between the cathode insert and the enclosure. The electrons emitted from the cathode insert drift in closed paths around the axis, collide with molecules of ionizable gas, and sustain the discharge plasma by generating additional electron-ion pairs. Ions from the plasma bombard the cathode insert, thereby maintaining an emissive temperature. Electrons from the plasma diffuse to and escape through the aperture to provide the electron emission. The closed drift nature of the discharge circumferentially distributes the heating of the cathode insert and the utilization of the electron emitting capabilities thereof. The discharge current controls the maximum value of the electron emission.

    Abstract translation: 根据本发明的一个具体实施例，封闭漂移中空阴极包括一个轴向对称放电区域，可引入可电离气体的环境中的电子发射阴极插入件，围绕该放电区域横向放置的环形电子发射阴极插件，周围的外壳， 外壳设置在该对称轴线附近并且位于该区域的一端，以及该区域内的磁场，其两个轴对称且横向于从阴极插件到孔的通道设置。 在阴极插入件和外壳之间建立放电。 从阴极插件发射的电子在围绕轴线的闭合路径中漂移，与可电离气体的分子碰撞，并通过产生另外的电子 - 离子对来维持放电等离子体。 来自等离子体的离子轰击阴极插入物，从而保持发射温度。 来自等离子体的电子通过孔扩散到并逸出以提供电子发射。 放电的闭合漂移特性周向地分布阴极插件的加热和其电子发射能力的利用。 放电电流控制电子发射的最大值。

    High energy cathode device with elongated operating cycle time
    155.
    发明授权
    High energy cathode device with elongated operating cycle time 失效
    高能阴极装置具有延长的工作周期时间

    公开(公告)号：US5302881A

    公开(公告)日：1994-04-12

    申请号：US896064

    申请日：1992-06-08

    Applicant: James P. O'Loughlin

    Inventor： James P. O'Loughlin

    IPC: H01J3/02 ,  H01J23/04 ,  H01J7/24

    CPC classification number: H01J3/025 ,  H01J23/04

    Abstract: A high energy level electronic device is segregated into source diode and utilization diode portions, portions which may also be identified as cathode and main diode portions, respectively. The cathode diode portion is operated at a low voltage such that closure velocity effects therein although present, are minimized. A current of electrons, generated by in cathode diode plasma is fed to the second diode through an anode screen portion of the cathode diode. In this arrangement, since there are electrons, but no plasma cathode present in the main diode, no closing problem occurs therein. In this arrangement, therefore the cathode diode is effectively a source of current for the main diode and is operated at minimal voltage to enable the provision of current for a maximum length of time prior to closure effect terminations. The main diode is separated from the plasma and therefore may be operated at any arbitrarily high voltage free from closing effects, which remain isolated and controlled in the cathode diode. Separate pulse forming network energization of the cathode and main diode portions of the device are also disclosed.

    Abstract translation: 高能级电子器件分离成源二极管和利用二极管部分，分别也可以被识别为阴极和主二极管部分的部分。 阴极二极管部分以低电压工作，使得其中尽管存在封闭速度效应被最小化。 由阴极二极管等离子体产生的电子流通过阴极二极管的阳极屏幕部分被馈送到第二二极管。 在这种布置中，由于在主二极管中存在电子但没有存在等离子体阴极，所以不会发生闭合问题。 在这种布置中，因此阴极二极管实际上是用于主二极管的电流源，并且以最小电压工作，以使得能够在封闭效应终止之前提供最大长度的电流。 主二极管与等离子体分离，因此可以在没有关闭效应的任何高电压下工作，这在阴极二极管中保持隔离和控制。 还公开了器件的阴极和主二极管部分的单独的脉冲形成网络通电。

    Surface discharge plasma cathode electron beam generating assembly
    156.
    发明授权
    Surface discharge plasma cathode electron beam generating assembly 失效
    表面放电等离子体阴极电子束生成组件

    公开(公告)号：US5200670A

    公开(公告)日：1993-04-06

    申请号：US592048

    申请日：1990-10-04

    Applicant: Simon J. Scott

    Inventor： Simon J. Scott

    IPC: H05H1/22 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01J33/02 ,  H01J35/22 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H01S3/0971 ,  H05H7/08

    CPC classification number: H01J3/025 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H01S3/09716

    Abstract: A surface discharge plasma cathode electron beam generating assembly (1) includes an anode (2) maintainable at a substantially constant first potential, a cathode device (3) having a first electrically conductive member (4), a dielectric member (5) at least partially surrounding the first member (4) and electrically conductive means (6) located on the outer surface of the dielectric member (5) and insulated therefrom. A capacitative divider circuit (7) is provided for maintaining the first electrically conductive member (4) at a second potential different from the first potential and for maintaining the electrically conductive means (6) at a high negative third potential relative to the first and second potentials.

    Induction heated cathode
    157.
    发明授权
    Induction heated cathode 失效
    感应加热阴极

    公开(公告)号：US5055743A

    公开(公告)日：1991-10-08

    申请号：US346469

    申请日：1989-05-02

    Applicant: John P. Ekstrand

    Inventor： John P. Ekstrand

    IPC: H01J1/20 ,  H01J3/02 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H05B6/02 ,  H05H1/46

    CPC classification number: H05H1/46 ,  H01J1/20 ,  H01J3/025 ,  H01S3/038 ,  H05B6/02 ,  H01S3/0382

    Abstract: An improvement for a vacuum tube or a plasma tube comprises a cathode loop formed of a material suitable for induction heating. A support structure mounted inside the vacuum tube supports the cathode loop at a cathode position. A power supply mounted outside the vacuum tube includes an induction coil wrapped around the tube near the cathode position and generates an alternating electromagnetic field at the cathode position to induce heat in the cathode loop so that electrons are released into the vacuum tube. Finally, a DC bias is applied to the cathode through the support structure. The improved plasma tube with an induction heated cathode is particularly useful for an ion laser gain medium.

    Abstract translation: 真空管或等离子体管的改进包括由适于感应加热的材料形成的阴极环。 安装在真空管内的支撑结构在阴极位置支撑阴极环。 安装在真空管外部的电源包括在阴极位置附近围绕管缠绕的感应线圈，并在阴极位置产生交变电磁场，以在阴极环中引起热量，使得电子释放到真空管中。 最后，通过支撑结构将直流偏压施加到阴极。 具有感应加热阴极的改进的等离子体管对离子激光增益介质特别有用。

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