Abstract:
A starting system for an aircraft propulsion engine is disclosed. An electrical motor (62 or 122) is mounted within a case (14) in which first and second hydraulic units (102, 104) are operated as part of a constant speed drive transmission. The electric motor accelerates a motor-generator set (24) to a velocity near the synchronous speed. The motor-generator set is coupled to the drive shaft (20) by operation of the hydraulic units as a variable torque link. The electric motor functions both as a heat source of hydraulic fluid contained within the hydraulic pump and motor case during extreme low temperature conditions at which point the starting torque of the motor is initially insufficient to cause rotation of the output shaft and to further accelerate the motor-generator set up to a rotational velocity at which the motor-generator set may be operated synchronously at which the motor-generator set is coupled to the drive shaft (120) by operation of the hydraulic units as a variable torque link to rotate the engine. When the temperature of the hydraulic fluid within the case is below the stall temperature so that the electric motor has insufficient starting torque to initiate rotation, the heat generated by the windings heats the hydraulic oil to lower its viscosity to a point at which rotation may be initiated to permit the motor-generator set to be rapidly accelerated to operate as a synchronous motor during starting.
Abstract:
A variable speed, constant frequency electrical generating system has a variable speed, engine driven generator. The system operates in either a generate or an engine start mode. A bidirectional filter connected between the rectifier-converter and the AC bus traps or blocks switching harmonics from the rectifier-converter. Short trap circuits are connected either phase-to-phase or phase-to-neutral.
Abstract:
Undesirably high and damaging temperature gradients resulting from hot spots in combustors for housing a hot gas generating oxidation reaction are avoided in a construction including a combustor housing having a wall (32, 34, 39) with an interior surface defining a combustion space and an exterior surface thereof and provided with an outlet. A plenum surrounds the combustor and a fuel injector (50, 52) is provided for introducing a fuel to be oxidized into the combustion space. Oxidant inlets (54) to the combustion space are provided and various structures including the plenum flow cooling gas in a path about the exterior surface of the walls (32, 34, 39) to cool the combustor housing. Trip strips (114) are located on the exterior surface of the walls (32, 34, 39) and extend into the cooling gas flow path and are located to minimize the temperature gradient between points along those walls (32, 34 and 39).
Abstract:
The cooling and mounting of vanes (50) in a turbine nozzle between shrouds (28, 29) is facilitated by impaling the vanes (50) with threaded fasteners (54, 70) and conducting relatively cool air from the compressor through the grooves (72) between adjacent threads (70) of the threaded fastener (54).
Abstract:
The expense of variable inlet guide vane structure for rotary compressors is avoided in a structure including a compressor housing (20) with an inlet (24) and a rotor (10) journaled within the housing (20) by disposing a housing (42) about the inlet end (24) and having an inlet port (54) over a minor fraction of its periphery. One or more guide vanes (60) may be disposed within the inlet port (54) to impart preswirl to incoming air as it enters the housing (42).
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing hermetically sealed circuit assemblies (10) having circuit elements (74, 76, 78 and 80) to be compression bonded, a hermetically sealed circuit assembly having circuit elements to be compression bonded and a stack containing at least one hermetically sealed circuit assembly having circuit elements which are compression bonded is disclosed. Uniform thickness of individual hermetically sealed circuit assemblies measured across columns (22-30) is insured by positioning deformable spacers (124-132) in the columns containing the circuit elements to be compression bonded, and deforming the deformable spacers. Thereafter a compressive force is applied to a stack of one or more circuits through the columns which contain the circuit elements to be compression bonded. The individual hermetically sealed circuit assemblies have circular corrugations (32-40) in a flat surface (14) and circular corrugations (114-122) in a lid (20) which are disposed within the columns containing the individual circuit elements to be compression bonded.
Abstract:
A method of manufacturing hermetically sealed circuit assemblies (10) having circuit elements (76) to be compression bonded is disclosed. Uniform thickness of individual hermetically sealed circuit assemblies is insured by positioning deformable spacer (124, 128) in the columns containing the circuit elements to be compression bonded, and deforming the deformable spacers so that a surface of each of the deformed spacers lies within a single plane. Thereafter a compressive force is applied to a stack of one or more circuits through the columns which contain the circuit elements to be compression bonded.
Abstract:
A self-contained liquid vapor purging system (10) for use in such electromotive apparatus as integrated drive generators, or the like, which include a casing (12) and a rotatable shaft (34) extending into the casing. A charge pump circuit (14) communicates with the casing for circulating liquid from the casing and charging liquid back to the casing. An aspirator (20) is located in the charge pump circuit (14) between a charge pump (16) and an inlet (18) to the casing for mixing fresh air with the liquid to deliver an air-liquid mixture to the casing. A centrifugal separator (32) and check valve (28) are incorporated in the rotatable shaft for separating liquid and vapor. The separator includes a vapor-liquid inlet (36) from the casing (12), a liquid outlet (38) to the casing, and a vapor outlet (40) draining outside the casing. The centrifugal separator includes a centrifugal valve (78) in communication with the vapor outlet for opening only at a predetermined rotary speed of the shaft.
Abstract:
A Darlington-type amplifier (10) having an input field effect transistor and an output bipolar transistor (T2) is disclosed with improved turn-off time. Turnoff is enhanced by short-circuiting the gate-to-source or drain capacitance of the input field effect transistor (T1) and after turnoff is complete of the input field effect transistor prior to turn off of the output bipolar transistor (T2) coupling the base of the output bipolar transistor to a reference potential to discharge minority carriers therein to complete turnoff.
Abstract:
A hydraulic differential having a pair of axial piston displacement units (20, 22), with one (22) being a fixed displacement unit and the other (20) being a variable displacement unit, and having flow-directing valve (50) and port (46) plates positioned therebetween. The hydraulic sealing of the components which rotate relative to each other is achieved by a floating mounting of a port plate (46) which is urged by a block spring (100) of the fixed displacement unit against an adjustable valve plate (50) abutting a cylinder block (60) of the variable displacement unit. The drive input (110) for the hydraulic differential includes a rotatable mounting (122, 126) for the fixed angle wobbler (38) of the fixed displacement unit (22) which is drivingly connected through a connecting tubular member (54) to the cylinder block (60) of the variable displacement unit (20) and with the cylinder block (24) of the fixed displacement unit (22) connected to a drive output shaft (28). Relatively small radial bearings (120, 122, 126) rotatably mount the components within a case (10) and are only required to react the spring load of the block spring (100) acting against the floating port plate (46).