Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for debindering and/or purifying granules or material suitable for use in High Pressure High Temperatures diamond or cubic boron nitride synthesis, the method comprising the steps of passing the granules or material through a zone having controlled atmosphere and temperature in a continuous manner, the zone having a maximum temperature within the zone of greater than approximately 600°C, wherein the time spent by each granule within the zone is less than 30 minutes.
Abstract:
Enhanced macromixing, mesomixing, and micromixing of multiple discrete reactant streams, particularly for precipitation reactions of low density pumpable fluids, are obtained by controlled continuous high pressure multiple reactant streams flowing into a chemical mixer/reactor (120). Individual reactant streams are pressurized to about 8,000 to 50,000 psi and achieve velocities up to about 250 meters/second in the final stage of the chemical mixer/reactor (120). Reactant flows are controlled by a combination of a fixed restriction and a variable driving pump (102, 102').
Abstract:
Systems and methods for heating, reacting, and/or treating a stream containing oxidizable matter, particularly reactor systems and methods utilizing oxidation reactions at or near supercritical conditions for water. Such systems and methods may be particularly useful to treat organic waste in aqueous-organic waste streams. Recycle reactor (100) is used alone or in conjunction with plug-flow reactor. Density differences in the recycle reactor facilitate flow within the recycle reactor without subtantial external heat exchange.
Abstract:
An improved method to lubricate a metal workpiece at elevated working temperatures is described employing a novel liquid lubricant preparation which includes a vaporizable and polymerizable alkyl aromatic phosphate ester in combination with a die release agent selected from the group consisting of an organic binder and a fatty acid soap, to include mixtures thereof. The applied preparation forms a solid polymer lubricant in the forming die at the elevated working temperatures enabling lower applied pressures to be employed while producing superior workpieces.
Abstract:
A method for producing an enhanced adsorbent and/or enhanced catalytic particle and/or for producing a catalytic particle, comprising the steps of: (a) removing an effective amount of air from a closed chamber containing an adsorbent and/or catalytic particle, wherein the resultant chamber pressure is less than one atmosphere; (b) raising the chamber pressure with an inert gas to at least one atmosphere; (c) contacting the particle with an energy beam of sufficient energy for a sufficient time to thereby enhance the adsorbent and/or catalytic properties of the particle and/or produce catalytic properties in the particle. A continuous process directed to step (c) alone is also provided. Also disclosed are adsorbent and/or catalytic particles, methods of contaminant reduction or elimination, including room temperature catalysis, particle binders, apparatuses of the present invention, and methods of increasing the surface area of adsorbent and/or catalytic particles.
Abstract:
A system (1) for producing a raw material for a recycled resin composition, comprising: - a decomposition reaction apparatus (2) for decomposing a thermosetting resin, comprising: an introduction section (222) for introducing a resin composition containing the thermosetting resin and a solvent containing a monomer component of the thermosetting resin or a derivative of the monomer component; a decomposition reaction section (221) for obtaining a first treated recovery product containing a recycled resin formed of the thermosetting resin having a reduced molecular weight, a solid residue and a low-boiling-point component containing the solvent, by heating and pressurizing the resin composition and the solvent and bringing the solvent into a supercritical state or a subcritical state, and the decomposition reaction section (221) being comprised of a tube-type reactor (22) which is adapted to perform the decomposition treatment with the resin composition and the solvent, and a discharge section (223) for discharging the first treated recovery product, wherein the decomposition reaction apparatus (2) is adapted to continuously perform the introduction of the resin composition and the solvent into the introduction section (222), the decomposition treatment of the thermosetting resin in the decomposition reaction section (221) and the discharge of the first treated recovery product from the discharge section (223), a first separating unit (51) serving as a solid-liquid separator, wherein the first separating unit (51) is designed for separating and removing the solid residue from the first treated recovery product, a second separating unit (52) serving as a gas-liquid separator, wherein the second separating unit (52) is designed for separating and extracting the recycled resin with the reduced molecular weight as well as the low-boiling-point component containing the solvent from the first treated recovery product from which the solid residue has been removed, wherein the first separating unit (51) and the second separating unit (52) are connected to the discharge section (223) of the decomposition reaction apparatus (2) in the named sequence.
Abstract:
A pressure cycling system includes a reaction chamber configured to receive a sample and a charge pump in fluid communication with the reaction chamber. The charge pump is operable to convey a fluid from a fluid source toward the reaction chamber. The system also includes a check valve disposed between the charge pump and the reaction chamber. The check valve is operable to inhibit the flow of fluid from the reaction chamber toward the charge pump. A pressure intensifier is in fluid communication with the reaction chamber. The pressure intensifier is pneumatically operable to adjust a pressure in the reaction chamber. A controller is configured to control operation of the charge pump and the pressure intensifier. The controller is configured to pressurize the reaction chamber to a first pressure through operation of the charge pump. The controller is also configured to fluctuate the pressure in the reaction chamber between a second pressure and a third pressure through operation of the pressure intensifier.