Abstract:
A hydrogen storage and delivery system is provided having an orifice pulse tube refrigerator and a liquid hydrogen storage vessel. A cooling system, coupled to the orifice pulse tube refrigerator, cools the vessel and abates ambient heat transfer thereto in order to maintain the liquid hydrogen in the vessel at or below its saturation temperature. Hydrogen boil-off, and the necessity to provide continuous venting of vaporized hydrogen are minimized or avoided. In a preferred embodiment, the hydrogen storage vessel has a toroidal shape, and the pulse tube refrigerator is a two stage pulse tube refrigerator and extends within a central void space defined at the geometric center of the toroidal storage vessel. Also in a preferred embodiment, the cooling system includes first and second thermal jackets, each having a substantially toroidal shape and enclosing the storage vessel, wherein each of the thermal jackets is thermally coupled to one the first or second stages of the pulse tube refrigerator in order to cool the vessel and to abate ambient heat leak thereto. The hydrogen storage and delivery system is particularly suitable for use in vehicles, such as passenger automobiles.
Abstract:
This invention is directed to pressure vessels in which the strength necessary to withstand the pressure exerted by a contained fluid under intended operating pressures is provided by a dry filamentous over-wrap.
Abstract:
Provided in an LPG tank for motor vehicles is a sleeve (14) for guiding the cables and service pipes (15) that exit at the bottom from the tank. The sleeve (14) is used also as device for anchoring the tank to the floor panel of the motor vehicle. The sleeve (14) is made of metal material and is rigidly connected to a metal attachment plate (7) for the tank. The sleeve moreover has a bottom end portion (14a), which is threaded on the outside and is to project underneath the floor panel and to be engaged by a blocking ring nut (16).
Abstract:
A gas storage system formed of a continuous pipe wound in plural layers, each layer having plural loops. The pipe may be distributed within a container, which may serve as a carousel for winding the pipe and as a gas containment device. When containers, each containing a continuous pipe are stacked upon each other, the weight of upper containers may be born by the walls of lower containers, thus preventing lower layers of pipe from suffering stresses due to crushing by upper layers. A method of transporting gas to a gas distribution facility including obtaining a supply of gas at a gas supply point remote from the gas distribution facility, injecting the gas into a continuous pipe bent to form plural layers, each layer including plural loops of pipe, transporting the continuous pipe along with the gas to the gas distribution facility preferably in a ship and discharging the gas at the gas distribution facility. It is preferred that cooling of the pipe during discharging of the gas be conserved so that during subsequent filling the pipe is initially cool. Also, in a further aspect of the invention, during filling, the gas pressure should be maintained as constant as possible for example by controlled release of an incompressible liquid from the pipe as the pipe is filled with gas. Energy from the incompressible liquid may then be recovered or dissipated outside of the pipes.
Abstract:
A gas storage system formed of a continuous pipe wound in plural layers, each layer having plural loops. The pipe may be distributed within a container, which may serve as a carousel for winding the pipe and as a gas containment device. When containers, each containing a continuous pipe are stacked upon each other, the weight of upper containers may be born by the walls of lower containers, thus preventing lower layers of pipe from suffering stresses due to crushing by upper layers. A method of transporting gas to a gas distribution facility including obtaining a supply of gas at a gas supply point remote from the gas distribution facility, injecting the gas into a continuous pipe bent to form plural layers, each layer including plural loops of pipe, transporting the continuous pipe along with the gas to the gas distribution facility preferably in a ship and discharging the gas at the gas distribution facility. It is preferred that cooling of the pipe during discharging of the gas be conserved so that during subsequent filling the pipe is initially cool. Also, in a further aspect of the invention, during filling, the gas pressure should be maintained as constant as possible for example by controlled release of an incompressible liquid from the pipe as the pipe is filled with gas. Energy from the incompressible liquid may then be recovered or dissipated outside of the pipes.
Abstract:
Die Erfindung offenbart einen toroidalen Tank, insbesondere für Flüssiggas Propan-Butan. Sie zeichnet sich dadurch aus, dass sie in einer der beiden Bodenplatten (1), (2) eine Vertiefung (7) mit einer Öffnung (8) hat, in die der Ventilblock (4) angebracht werden kann.
Abstract:
A gas storage system (11) formed of a continuous pipe (10) wound in plural layers, each layer having plural loops. The pipe may be distributed within a container (12), which may serve as a carousel for winding the pipe and as a gas containment device. When containers, each containing a continuous pipe, are stacked upon each other, the weight of upper containers may be born by the walls (16, 18) of lower containers, thus preventing lower layers of pipe from suffering stresses due to crushing by upper layers. A method of transporting gas to a gas distribution facility including obtaining a supply of gas at a gas supply point remote from the gas distribution facility, injecting the gas into a continuous pipe bent to form plural layers, each layer including plural loops of pipe, transporting the continuous pipe along with the gas to the gas distribution facility preferably in a ship (62) and discharging the gas.
Abstract:
A gas containment and supply apparatus is described consisting of a gas reservoir vessel (1) capable of pressurised gas containment fitted with a gas supply aperture (8) provided with supply means connectable to the gas supply aperture to provide for supply of the gas and control means to control the rate of supply of the gas, in which the gas reservoir is a toroidal pressure vessel comprising a metallic toroidal shell (2) having wound on its surface a tensile load bearing layer of high tensile strength non-metallic fiber (4), the fiber being aligned in a substantially meridional direction on the toroidal shell. Human portable breathing apparatus is described utilising the above.