Abstract:
Bitumens can be blended with interpolymers prepared from at least one olefin and at least one vinylidene aromatic monomer and, optionally, at least one diene. The interpolymers prepared from monomers containing a diene are new compositions of matter. When the interpolymers prepared from monomers containing a diene are blended with a bitumen, the blends are crosslinkable.
Abstract:
Addition polymerization catalysts comprising a metal complex containing a Group 4 metal in the +3 oxidation state, a delocalized pi -bonding moiety, and at least one stabilizing ligand, optionally in combination with an activating cocatalyst.
Abstract:
Elastic substantially linear olefin polymers are disclosed which have processability similar to highly branched low density polyethylene (LDPE), but the strength and toughness of linear low density polyethylene (LLDPE). The polymers have processing indices (PI's) less than or equal to 70 percent of those of a comparative linear olefin polymer and a critical shear rate at onset of surface melt fracture of at least 50 percent greater than the critical shear rate at the onset of surface melt fracture of a traditional linear olefin polymer at about the same I2 and Mw?Mn. The novel polymers can also have from 0.01 to 3 long chain branches/1000 carbons along the polymer backbone and have higher low/zero shear viscosity and lower high shear viscosity than comparative linear olefin polymers. The novel polymers can also be characterized as having a melt flow ratio, I10/I2, » 5.63, a molecular weight distribution, Mw/Mn, defined by the equation: Mw/Mn « (I10/I2) - 4.63, and a critical shear stress at onset of gross melt fracture greater than 4 x 10?6¿ dyne/cm2.
Abstract:
A photovoltaic system that converts incident light into electrical energy that includes a light trapping optical module having a light randomizing dielectric slab with a first surface and a second surface, a first cell adjacent to the first surface of the slab that has a bandgap of lower energy than the energy of absorption onset of the dielectric slab, at least one filter element in optical contact with the second surface of the dielectric slab, and a sub-cell array with a plurality of photovoltaic sub-cells, wherein at least one of the sub-cells has a first surface that is in optical contact with the at least one filter element.
Abstract:
The present invention provides methods for making pnictide compositions, particularly photoactive and/or semiconductive pnictides. In many embodiments, these compositions are in the form of thin films grown on a wide range of suitable substrates to be incorporated into a wide range of microelectronic devices, including photovoltaic devices, photodetectors, light emitting diodes, betavoltaic devices, thermoelectric devices, transistors, other optoelectronic devices, and the like. As an overview, the present invention prepares these compositions from suitable source compounds in which a vapor flux is derived from a source compound in a first processing zone, the vapor flux is treated in a second processing zone distinct from the first processing zone, and then the treated vapor flux, optionally in combination with one or more other ingredients, is used to grow pnictide films on a suitable substrate.
Abstract:
The present invention is premised upon an improved photovoltaic device ("PV device"), more particularly to an improved photovoltaic device with a multilayered photovoltaic cell assembly and a body portion joined at an interface region,
Abstract:
A catalyst composition comprising a zirconium complex of a polyvalent aryloxyether and an alumoxane, polymerization processes employing the same, especially the continuous, solution polymerization of ethylene and one or more C 3-30 olefins or diolefins to prepare copolymers having reduced cocatalyst by-product content, are disclosed.
Abstract:
A method for releasing gas from a gas hydrate without melting the gas hydrate by substituting the gas with a releasing agent that forms a more stable hydrate structure than the gas.
Abstract:
Group 4 metal complexes useful as addition polymerization catalysts of the formula: (I) wherein G 1 is a group containing from 1 to 40 atoms not counting hydrogen; T is a divalent bridging group of from 10 to 30 atoms not counting hydrogen, selected from mono- or di- aryl- substituted methylene or silylene groups or mono- or di- heteroaryl-substituted methylene or silylene groups, wherein at least one such aryl- or heteroaryl-substituent is substituted in one or both ortho- positions with a secondary or tertiary alkyl-group, a secondary or tertiary heteroalkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, or a heterocycloalkyl group, G 2 is a C 6-20 heteroaryl group containing Lewis base functionality, M is the Group 4 metal, X’’’’ is an anionic, neutral or dianionic ligand group, x’’’’ is a number from 0 to 5, and bonds, optional bonds and electron donative interactions are represented by lines, dotted lines and arrows respectively.
Abstract:
A polymerization process comprises contacting one or more olefinic comonomers in the presence of at least a high molecular weight catalyst and at least a low molecular weight catalyst in a single reactor; and effectuating the polymerization of the olefinic comonomers in the reactor to obtain an olefin polymer. Preferably, both catalysts have the ability to incorporate a substantially similar amount of comonomers in the olefin polymer. The polymers produced by the process may have a relatively higher level of long chain branching while maintaining a relatively narrow molecular weight distribution, i.e., MWD less than about 6. These interpolymers may exhibit processability similar to or better than LDPE but have physical properties similar to metallocene catalyzed polymers.