Abstract:
A composition comprising FCC catalyst particles and additive particles suitable for the reduction of NOx emissions from a FCC regenerator, said additive particles comprising a Mg and Al-containing anionic clay or solid solution, a rare earth metal oxide, alumina and/or silica-alumina, and Y-type zeolite. The invention further relates to a process for preparing such a composition and its use for reducing NOx emissions.
Abstract:
Continuous process for the hydrothermal conversion of a solid starting iron compound selected from the group of iron oxides, iron hydroxides, iron oxyhydroxides, and mixtures thereof into a solid product iron compound with different physical, chemical, and/or structural properties. The process comprises the steps of a) dispersing the solid starting iron compound in a liquid thus forming a suspension, and b) feeding the suspension continuously though one or more agitated conversion vessel(s), in which vessel(s) the solid starting iron compound is converted into the solid product iron compound under hydrothermalconditions.
Abstract:
The present invention is directed to a process for the preparation of crystalline anionic clay-containing bodies from sources comprising an aluminium source and a magnesium source comprising the steps of: a) preparing a precursor mixture, b) shaping the precursor mixture to obtain shaped bodies, c) optionally thermally treating the shaped bodies, and d) ageing to obtain crystalline anionic clay-containing bodies. The quintessence of the present invention is that the bodies are shaped prior to the forming of the crystalline anionic clay in said bodies. This results in very attrition resistant bodies, without the need to add a binder material.
Abstract:
Use of cationic layered materials in hydrocarbon conversion, purification, and synthesis processes, such as fluid catalytic cracking. Cationic layered materials are especially suitable for the reduction of Sox and Nox emissions and the reduction of the sulfur and nitrogen content in fuels like gasoline and diesel. A new process is provided for the preparation of cationic layered materials, which process avoids the use of metal salts and does not require the formation of anionic clay as intermediate.
Abstract:
Process for the preparation of an additive-containing anionic clay comprising the steps of (a) preparing a physical mixture by mixing a dry divalent metal compound with a dry trivalent metal compound, said physical mixture being solid at room temperature, (b) calcining said physical mixture at a temperature in the range 200-800°C without performing a prior aging or shaping step, thereby forming a product containing at least 5 wt% of a hydratable compound, and (c) hydrating the calcined mixture in aqueous suspension containing an additive to form the additive-containing anionic clay. This process provides a simple and cost-effective way of preparing additivecontaining anionic clays. The process does neither require aging or reaction steps before calcination, nor does it require precipitation of metal salts or the handling of inhomogeneous slurries.
Abstract:
Process for the preparation of an oxidic catalyst composition comprising a trivalent metal preferably aluminium, a divalent metal preferably magnesium and more than 18 wt% of one or more compounds selected from the group consisting of rare earth metal compounds, phosphorus compounds, and transition metal compounds, which process comprises the following steps: (a) preparing a sodium-free precursor solution, (b) forming a precipitating by adding a sodium-free base to the precursor solution, (c) optionally aging the precipitate, (d) drying the precipitate, and (e) calcining the dried precipitate. The resulting oxidic catalyst composition is suitable as a metal trap in a fluid catalytic cracking process.
Abstract:
A Composition comprising one or more metal hydroxy salts and a matrix, binder or carrier material, wherein the metal hydroxy salt is a compound comprising (a) as metal either (i) one or more divalent metals, at least one of them being selected from the group consisting of Ni, Co, Ca, Zn, Mg, Fe, and Mn, or (ii) one or more trivalent metal(s), (b) framework hydroxide, and (c) a replaceable anion. This composition has various catalytic applications.
Abstract:
Continuous process for the hydrothermal conversion of a solid starting iron compound selected from the group of iron oxides, iron hydroxides, iron oxyhydroxides, and mixtures thereof into a solid product iron compound with different physical, chemical, and/or structural properties. The process comprises the steps of a) dispersing the solid starting iron compound in a liquid thus forming a suspension, and b) feeding the suspension continuously though one or more agitated conversion vessel(s), in which vessel(s) the solid starting iron compound is converted into the solid product iron compound under hydrothermalconditions.
Abstract:
Catalyst composition comprising 5-55 wt% metal-doped anionic clay, 10-50 wt% zeolite, 5-40 wt% matrix alumina, 0-10 wt% silica, 0-10 wt% of other ingredients, and balance kaolin. In metal-doped anionic clays, the additive, i.e. the metal dopant, is distributed more homogeneously within the anionic clay than in impregnated anionic clays, without separate phases of additive being present. Hence, abrasion of this catalyst composition will result in microfines poorer in additive than the prior art composition. Furthermore, the catalyst composition according to the invention results in a higher reduction of sulfur in fuels such as gasoline and diesel than is the case in compositions comprising impregnated anionic clay.