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    Production of phthalic anhydride by catalytic oxidation
    11.
    发明专利
    Production of phthalic anhydride by catalytic oxidation 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB959511A

    公开(公告)日：1964-06-03

    申请号：GB1569362

    申请日：1962-04-25

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： NONNENMACHER HELMUT ,  APPL MAX ,  ANDRUSSOW KONSTANTIN ,  HAUG JUERGEN

    IPC: B01J23/16 ,  B01J23/22 ,  B01J23/847 ,  B01J27/198 ,  B01J27/199 ,  C07D307/89

    Abstract: Phthalic anhydride is made by treating o-xylene together with chlorine, or a chlorine compound which is vaporous under the reaction conditions, the weight ratio of chlorine, or chlorine compound, to o-xylene being from 2:100 to 1:100,000, with oxygen, or an inert gas containing free oxygen, for 5 to 50 seconds in the presence of a fluidized catalyst, at 250 to 380 DEG C., which comprises a porous carrier whose pores contain a mixture which is liquid during the reaction and which comprises vanadium pentoxide and potassium pyrosulphate or vanadium pentoxide, potassium pyrosulphate and sodium pyrosulphate with, or without, other additives; the weight ratio of vanadium pentoxide and optional additives to vanadium pentoxide being below 2:3, and the weight ratio of vanadium pentoxide to alkali metal pyrosulphate being 1:20 to 3:10. Specified carriers are aluminium phosphate, silicates, silicic acid, especially silica gel, which is preferred, and active carbon. The preferred silica gel has a grain size of 20 to 300 microns, an internal surface of 300 to 360 sq. metres per gram and a mean pore radius of 50 to 80 rA. With active carbon of grain size 20 to 600 microns the temperature should not exceed 300 DEG to 340 DEG C. Preferably, in the preparation of the catalyst, a mixture of sodium and potassium pyrosulphates, containing 10 to 50% by weight of the sodium compound is used. Vanadium compounds may be used which are convertible to the pentoxide under the reaction conditions e.g. the trichloride, tri- and tetra-oxide and sulphate. Preferably the melt contains 10 to 20% by weight of vanadium pentoxide. Activators which aid in the oxidation of hydrogen chloride to chlorine are advantageously used in quantities of up to 5% by weight of the melt. Indicated activators are compounds, especially oxides, of iron, nickel and cobalt and particularly of cerium, copper and manganese. Phosphoric acid, molybdenium trioxide and/or tungsten trioxide may also be present or formed in situ. Silver oxide may be present. Advantageously sulphur trioxide is present. The sulphur trioxide may be generated in situ e.g. from thiophene or carbon disulphide. Preferably 25 to 50% by weight of melt is used in the catalyst. The preferred temperature is 270 to 350 DEG C. A residence time of 8 to 30 seconds is preferred. Indicated chlorine compounds are hydrogen chloride, ammonium chloride, nitrosyl chloride, thionyl chloride, alkyl chlorides, aryl chlorides, aralkyl chlorides and carboxylic acid chlorides of fatty acids or of aryl mono- or dicarboxylic acids or aralkyl-carboxylic acids, preferred being o-xylyl chloride, o-xylylene dichloride or o-xylylidene dichloride. Pressures of up to 25 atmospheres may be used. Chlorine may be introduced in an inert gas e.g. nitrogen. Examples are provided. Specifications 906,311, 908,823 and 941,293 are referred to.

    STABILIZED WATER-CONTAINING SODIUM DITHIONITE FORMULATIONS WHICH HAVE BEEN RENDERED ALKALINE
    13.
    发明专利
    STABILIZED WATER-CONTAINING SODIUM DITHIONITE FORMULATIONS WHICH HAVE BEEN RENDERED ALKALINE 未知

    公开(公告)号：CA1263218A

    公开(公告)日：1989-11-28

    申请号：CA474817

    申请日：1985-02-21

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： APPL MAX ,  GOESELE WILHELM ,  MELZER JAROSLAV ,  SCHREINER SIEGFRIED ,  TREIBER GERT

    IPC: C01B17/66 ,  D06L4/30 ,  D06P5/10 ,  D21C9/10 ,  C01F5/14

    Abstract: The invention relates to a stabilized watercontaining sodium dithionite formulation having the consistency of a pumpable paste with a viscosity of 0.1 to 1,500 Pa.s, a pH > 10 and containing 60 to 70% by weight of sodium dithionite and 15 to 30% by weight of water, the total content of these two components in the formulation not exceeding 90% by weight, and furthermore containing a sodium and/or potassium salt which is dissolved in the water, is inert to sodium dithionite and has a water solubility greater than 500 g/l at 20.degree.C, the salt being a member selected from the group consisting of sodium formate, sodium acetate, sodium hydroxymethanesulfinate, potassium carbonate and potassium sulfite and mixtures thereof, with the proviso that the concentration of the sodium and/or potassium salt dissolved in the water is not less than 200 g/l. The paste is useful as reducing agent.

    14.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：FI77701B

    公开(公告)日：1988-12-30

    申请号：FI850410

    申请日：1985-01-31

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： APPL MAX ,  GOESELE WILHELM ,  MELZER JAROSLAV ,  SCHREINER SIEGFRIED ,  TREIBER GERT

    IPC: C01B17/66 ,  D06L4/30 ,  D06P5/10 ,  D21C9/10

    Abstract: Stabilized water-containing sodium dithionite formulations which have been rendered alkaline have the consistency of a pumpable paste. They additionally contain readily soluble sodium salts and/or potassium salts which are inert to sodium dithionite and whose water-solubility at 20 DEG C. exceeds 500 g/l. These salts are present in the aqueous phase in an amount of not less than 200 g/l. The pastes are useful reducing agents.

    17.
    发明专利
    未知

    公开(公告)号：FI850410A0

    公开(公告)日：1985-01-31

    申请号：FI850410

    申请日：1985-01-31

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： APPL MAX ,  GOESELE WILHELM ,  MELZER JAROSLAV ,  SCHREINER SIEGFRIED ,  TREIBER GERT

    IPC: C01B17/66 ,  D06L4/30 ,  D06P5/10 ,  D21C9/10 ,  C01B

    Abstract: Stabilized water-containing sodium dithionite formulations which have been rendered alkaline have the consistency of a pumpable paste. They additionally contain readily soluble sodium salts and/or potassium salts which are inert to sodium dithionite and whose water-solubility at 20 DEG C. exceeds 500 g/l. These salts are present in the aqueous phase in an amount of not less than 200 g/l. The pastes are useful reducing agents.

    FLANGE COUPLING
    18.
    发明专利
    FLANGE COUPLING 未知

    公开(公告)号：CA1177863A

    公开(公告)日：1984-11-13

    申请号：CA386895

    申请日：1981-09-29

    Applicant: BASF AG

    Inventor： PFORR GERHARD ,  APPL MAX ,  VOELKL ERFRIED ,  STARK HANS ,  PESCHAU GERHARD

    IPC: B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/02 ,  F16L58/18 ,  F16L59/16 ,  F16L59/18 ,  F16L58/00

    Abstract: A flange coupling for joining together ends of multi-layer apparatus sections or pipeling sections, in which corrosive and hot gases are handled, each section consisting of an inner lining of glass which is resistant to thermal shock, or of quartz, the inner lining being surrounded by an outer metal jacket, the interspace between the outer jacket and the lining being packed with a heat-insulating material which supports the inner lining. The coupling comprises refractory bricks provided between the lining of a section and the outer jacket at the end portions of said lining, said bricks surrounding without touching the entire surface of the lining at said ends portions thereof. One end of the lining terminates inwardly of the end of the corresponding refractory brick. Flange means are provided for coupling together the adjacent ends of the jackets of two adjacent sections.

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