Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing o-chloromethyl benzenecarbonyl chlorides of formula (I), wherein R -R can be the same or different and stand for hydrogen, C1-C4-alkyl, halogen or trifluoromethyl, by converting benzocondensed lactones of formula (II), wherein R -R have the aforementioned meaning, with gaseous or liquid phosgene and the dimers or trimers thereof. The inventive method is characterised in that the conversion is carried out in the presence of catalytical amounts of a Lewis acid and catalytical amounts of a phosgenation catalyst.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the production of 1-substituted 5-hydroxypyrazoles of formula (I) wherein R is C1-C6-alkyl, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-alkinyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy, whereby these groups can be substituted by halogen, C1-C4-alkoxy, phenoxy, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylthiocarbonyl or a cyclic ring system with 3-14 ring atoms, by reacting a) an alkylvinylether of general formula (III) wherein R is C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalkyl, with phosgene (IVa), "diphosgene" (IVb) or "triphosgene" (IVc) to form acid chlorides of formula (V), b) transforming said acid chlorides by eliminating hydrogen chloride into the corresponding 3-alkoxyacrylic acid chloride of formula (VI) and c) reacting said acid chloride with hydrazines of formula (VII) wherein R has the above cited meaning, to form 5-hydroxypyrazoles of formula (I).
Abstract:
In order to prepare imidazolidin-2-ones, 1,3-dioxalan-2-one (ethylene carbonate) is reacted with at least one compound having the formula RNH2, in which R may stand among others for H, alkyl, aryl, heteroalkyl or heteroaryl.
Abstract:
The present application describes a process for regenerating a ruthenium catalyst for the hydrogenation of benzene, which comprises flushing the catalyst with inert gas in a regeneration step until the original or part of the original activity is attained.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the use of aceto or benzophenone derivatives of general formula (I), wherein R represents optionally substituted C1 - C3-alkyl, C6 - C10-aryl or aralkyl having 6 -10 C-atoms in the aryl part and 1 - 6 C-atoms in the alkyl part, as copolymerisable photoinitiators. The invention further relates to copolymers, which contain aceto or benzophenone derivatives of general formula (I) in a polymerised form. The invention also relates to methods for the production of said copolymers and to the use thereof in UV-cross-linkable materials.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing o-chloromethyl benzoic acid chlorides of formula (I), in which R to R can be the same or different and represent hydrogen C1-C4 alkyl, halogen or trifluoromethyl, by reacting benzo-condensed lactones of formula (II), in which R to R have the above-mentioned meaning, with thionyl chloride. The inventive method is characterized in that the reaction is carried out in the presence of catalytic quantities of a boric acid, boric acid anhydride, borate, boronic acid or boronic acid ester and in the presence of catalytic quantities of a quaternary ammonia salt.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a shell catalyst containing ruthenium as an active metal, alone or together with at least one other metal of the auxiliary group IB, VIIB or VIII of the periodical system of the elements (CAS version), and applied to a carrier containing silicon dioxide as a carrier material. The invention also relates to a method for producing said shell catalyst, and to a method for hydrogenating an organic compound containing hydrogenable groups, preferably for hydrogenating a carbocyclic aromatic group to form the corresponding carbocyclic aliphatic groups or for hydrogenating aldehydes to form the corresponding alcohols, using the inventive shell catalyst. The invention further relates to the use of the inventive shell catalyst for hydrogenating an organic compound containing hydrogenable groups, preferably for hydrogenating a carbocyclic aromatic group to form the corresponding carbocyclic aliphatic groups or for hydrogenating aldehydes to form the corresponding alcohols.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing acid chlorides by converting carboxylic acids with carbon oxychlorides or thionyl chloride in the presence of a catalyst adduct of an N,N-disubstituted formamide of general formula (I) and carbon oxychloride or thionyl chloride. In the formula, R and R , independently from one another, mean C1- to C4-alkyl or R and R together mean a C4- or C5-alkylene chain. According to the inventive method, hydrogen chloride is added during and/or after the conversion.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing 1-substituted 5- and/or 3-hydroxypyrazoles of formulas (I) and (II), wherein R represents C1-C6-alkyl, C2-C6-alkenyl, C2-C6-alkinyl, C3-C6-cycloalkyl or C1-C4-alkoxy, whereby these groups can be substituted by halogen, C1-C4-alkoxy, phenoxy, C1-C6-alkoxycarbonyl, C1-C6-alkylthiocarbonyl or a cyclic ring system with 3-14 ring atoms, by reacting a 3-alkoxyacrylic acid alkyl ester of formula (III), wherein R , R independently mean C1-C6-alkyl or C3-C6-cycloalky, with a hydrazine of formula (IV), wherein R has the above cited meaning, a) at a pH value of 6-11 to form 5-hydroxypyrazoles of formula (I), or b) at a pH value of 11-14 to form 3-hydroxypyrazoles of formula (II).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for regenerating a ruthenium catalyst which is suitable for hydrogenation, which comprises flushing the catalyst with inert gas in a regeneration step until the original activity or part of the original activity is attained. The process is particularly suitable for ruthenium catalysts which are used for the hydrogenation of aromatics.