Abstract:
A measurement apparatus includes a first mask that is arranged on an object plane of a target optical system, and has a window that transmits measurement light, a second mask that has a reflection surface for reducing coherence of the measurement light, and a diffraction grating configured to split the measurement light that has been reflected on the second mask, has passed the first mask and the target optical system, wherein a distance Lg between the diffraction grating and an image plane of the target optical system satisfies Lg=m·Pg2/λ where Pg is a grating pitch of the diffraction grating, λ is a wavelength of the measurement light, and m is an integer except for 0.
Abstract:
An absolute position measurement apparatus measures an absolute position of an object to be measured using a first light source and a second light source which has coherency lower than that of the first light source. The absolute position measurement apparatus includes a measurement part which measures a point where phases of interference signals from the first and the second light sources coincide with each other or a point where an intensity of the interference signal from the second light source is maximized, an origin defining part which defines the point measured by the measurement part as an origin position, a phase storing part which stores the phase of the interference signal from the first light source at the origin position, an origin redefining part which redefines the origin position, and a position calculating part which calculates the absolute position of the object to be measured.
Abstract:
An exposure apparatus includes an illumination optical system for illuminating a pattern of a reticle with laser light outputted from a continuous emission laser, a projection optical system for projecting the illuminated pattern onto a subject to be exposed, and an interferometer, of a Fizeau type, being operable while using laser light outputted from the continuous emission laser.
Abstract:
An illuminance distribution measuring system which includes a two-dimensional (area) sensor array to be disposed on the surface being illuminated by a pulsed laser beam from a pulsed laser and a signal processor operable, in response to output signals of the sensor array, to detect the illuminance distribution on the surface being illuminated.
Abstract:
A Talbot interferometer includes a diffraction grating, an image pickup device, a moving unit configured to move at least one of the diffraction grating and the image pickup device in an optical axis direction of the test object, and a computer configured to adjust a position of the at least one of the diffraction grating and the image pickup device using the moving unit so that a Talbot condition can be met, based on a spatial frequency spectrum obtained from a plurality of interference fringes captured by the image pickup device while moving the at least one of the diffraction grating and the image pickup device using the moving unit.
Abstract:
An X-ray imaging apparatus for imaging a subject includes a diffraction grating configured to form an interference pattern by diffracting X-ray radiation from an X-ray source, a shielding grating configured to shield part of the interference pattern, a detector configured to detect the X-ray radiation passing through the shielding grating, and a moving unit configured to change an angle between each of the diffraction grating, the shielding grating and the detector and an optical axis, wherein the detector is configured to detect the X-ray according to a change in the angle between each of the diffraction grating, the shielding grating and the detector and the optical axis.
Abstract:
An X-ray imaging apparatus comprises a grating configured to form an interference pattern by diffracting X-rays from an X-ray source, a amplitude grating configured to partly shield X-rays forming the interference pattern, and an X-ray detector configured to detect an intensity distribution of X-rays from the amplitude grating. The amplitude grating is comprised of a central area and a peripheral area and the peripheral area shows an X-ray transmittance higher than the central area relative to X-rays perpendicularly entering the amplitude grating.
Abstract:
An X-ray imaging apparatus includes a phase grating, an absorption grating, a detector, and an arithmetic unit. The arithmetic unit executes a Fourier transform step of performing Fourier transform for an intensity distribution of a Moiré acquired by the detector, and acquiring a spatial frequency spectrum. Also, the arithmetic unit executes a phase retrieval step of separating a spectrum corresponding to a carrier frequency from a spatial frequency spectrum acquired in the Fourier transform step, performing inverse Fourier transform for the separated spectrum, and acquiring a differential phase image.
Abstract:
An X-ray imaging apparatus includes a phase grating, an absorption grating, a detector, and an arithmetic unit. The arithmetic unit executes a Fourier transform step of performing Fourier transform for an intensity distribution of a Moiré acquired by the detector, and acquiring a spatial frequency spectrum. Also, the arithmetic unit executes a phase retrieval step of separating a spectrum corresponding to a carrier frequency from a spatial frequency spectrum acquired in the Fourier transform step, performing inverse Fourier transform for the separated spectrum, and acquiring a differential phase image.
Abstract:
A measuring method for measuring wave front of light, which passed through a target optical system includes the steps of, generating an interference fringe using a shearing interference with light that passes a target optical system, calculating a differential wave front between a first wave front of the light that passes the target optical system and a second wave front made by offsetting the first wave front by a predetermined amount in a predetermined direction, and correcting the differential wave front based on the predetermined amount and the wave number in the predetermined direction.