Abstract:
An electrochemical cell is provided with first and second electrodes (50), and a solid polymer electrolyte disposed therebetween. The electrodes may either be of the same or different material and may be fabricated from ruthenium, iridium, cobalt, tungsten, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, hafnium, nickel, silver, zinc, and combinations thereof. The solid polymer electrolyte is in intimate contact with both the anode and cathode, and is made from a polymeric support structure having dispersed therein an electrolyte active species. The polymeric support structure is preferably a multi-layered support structure which includes a first polymeric layer (30), having first and second major surfaces (32, 34). Disposed on at least one, and preferably both surfaces is a layer of a different, second polymeric material (36, 38). The second polymeric material is preferably more formable than the first polymer layer so that it can easily fill pores (40, 42, 44, 46, 48) in the adjacent electrodes (50).
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method to characterize, optimize, and control the quality and production of hydrogel media. Additionally, the present invention provides a method for determining the size, size distribution, and spatial distribution of the pores of a porous substrate. More particularly, the invention provides a method for determining the size, size distribution, and spatial distribution of the pores of a polymeric hydrogel-based substrate.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an apparatus and methods for the electrical detection of molecular interactions between a probe molecule and a protein or peptide target molecule, but without requiring the use of electrochemical or other reporters to obtain measurable signals. The methods can be used for electrical detection of molecular interactions between probe molecules bound to defined regions of an array and protein or peptide target molecules which are permitted to interact with the probe molecules.
Abstract:
The present invention provides an apparatus and methods for the electrical detection of bacterial cells. Specifically, the present invention provides an apparatus and methods for the electrical detection of viable bacteria. The present invention further provides an apparatus and methods for differentiating between multiple bacterial cell types using electrical detection techniques.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method to characterize, optimize, and control the quality and production of hydrogel media. Additionally, the present invention provides a method for determining the size, size distribution, and spatial distribution of the pores of a porous substrate. More particularly, the invention provides a method for determining the size, size distribution, and spatial distribution of the pores of a polymeric hydrogel-based substrate.
Abstract:
An electrochemical cell is provided with a first and second electrode assemblies (10, 11), and an electrolyte (15) disposed therebetween. The electrodes may either be of the same or different materials and may be fabricated from ruthenium, iridium, cobalt, tungsten, vanadium, iron, molybdenum, nickel, silver, zinc, and combinations thereof. The electrode assemblies are fabricated by depositing a layer (16) of a conductive ink adhesive on a surface of a current collecting substrate (12). Thereafter, a layer of powdered active material (18) is impregnated onto the surface of the conductive ink layer.
Abstract:
An electrochemical battery cell (10) includes a zinc electrode (20), and may be fabricated with an electrolyte (50) system including an electrolyte active species and a modifier. The electrolyte active species is typically a metal hydroxide such as KOH or NaOH, while the modifier may be a porphine such as a metal porphine, and/or a polymeric material. The polymeric material may be, for example, a polyvinyl resin such as polyvinyl alcohol or polyvinyl acetate. The resulting electrolyte typically includes between 3 and 10 weight percent of the polyvinyl resin, 5 and 50 weight percent of the metal hydroxide, and between 1 PPM and 1 wt.% of the modifier. Employing such an electrolyte in a cell including a zinc electrode results in an energy storage device having improved power density and substantially longer cycle life.
Abstract:
An electrochemical cell is fabricated by providing two symmetric electrodes (13) and a solid polymer electrolyte (15) disposed therebetween. The symmetric electrodes, anode and cathode, are made from materials such as ruthenium, iridium, cobalt, zinc, bismuth, cadmium, silver, and oxides thereof. The solid polymer electrolyte (15) is in intimate contact with both the anode and cathode, and is made from a polymeric support structure such as polyvinylalcohol, having dispersed therein a proton conducting electrolyte active species.
Abstract:
An electrochemical capacitor device (10) fabricated of a plurality of stacked subassemblies (12, 14) and capped with end portions (16, 18). The device (10) includes a current conducting electrode (22) having a layer of a second electrode material disposed on each side thereof (40, 42). The device (10) further includes a proton conducting electrolyte.
Abstract:
A material for use as an electrode, and particularly the anode (20) of an electrochemical device, such as an electrochemical capacitor device (10). The material is a multicomponent alloy material, including a host matrix material consisting of antimony, and at least one modifier element selected from the group consisting of bismuth, nickel, cadmium, zinc, silver, manganese, lead, lithium, and combinations thereof.