公开(公告)号：EP1589651A1

公开(公告)日：2005-10-26

申请号：EP04425282.3

申请日：2004-04-23

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Nessi, Maurizio ,  Galbiati, Ezio

IPC: H02P1/00

CPC classification number: H02H9/047 ,  H02H7/0833

Abstract: The following invention refers to an apparatus for powering at least one electric motor (4, 6). The apparatus (100, 101) comprises at least one driving device (3, 5) of the electric motor (4, 6), a power circuit path (7) positioned between a generator (2) of power voltage (VCV) and the at least one driving device (3, 5), first means (8) inserted in the power circuit path (7) for enabling and preventing the powering of the at least one driving device (3, 5), a control device (10) powered by the feeding voltage (VCV) and suitable for controlling at least the first means (8). The apparatus (100, 101) comprises a protection device against the overvoltages (50, 60) comprising second means (COMP1, Q1) suitable for detecting a current that flows in the power circuit path (7) from the at least one driving device (3, 5) to the generator (2) of power voltage (VCV) and third means (Q2, OPAMP1) suitable ford absorbing the current detected (Iclamp).

Abstract translation: 以下发明涉及一种为至少一个电动机（4,6）供电的装置。 所述设备（100,101）包括所述电动机（4,6）的至少一个驱动装置（3,5），位于电源电压（VCV）的发电机（2）和所述电动机 至少一个驱动装置（3,5），插入所述电源电路路径（7）中的第一装置（8），用于启用和防止所述至少一个驱动装置（3,5）的供电，控制装置（10） 由供电电压（VCV）供电并且适于至少控制第一装置（8）。 装置（100,101）包括抵抗过电压（50,60）的保护装置，该保护装置包括适于检测来自至少一个驱动装置（7）在电力电路路径（7）中流动的电流的第二装置（COMP1，Q1） （VCV）的发生器（2）和适于吸收检测到的电流（Iclamp）的第三装置（Q2，OPAMP1）。

公开(公告)号：EP1258980A2

公开(公告)日：2002-11-20

申请号：EP01203450.0

申请日：2001-09-12

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Boscolo, Michele ,  Viti, Marco ,  Galbiati, Ezio

IPC: H02P6/24

CPC classification number: H02P6/24

Abstract: A driving circuit of a DC motor comprises a control circuit producing a control signal, a motor drive circuit, commanded by the control circuit, producing respective command signals for the switches of an output power stage driving the windings of the motor connected to supply lines in parallel to a filter capacitor. The driving circuit prevents generation of voltage surges of significant magnitude on the supply lines because the driving circuit has logic circuits preventing any substantial inversion of direction of flow of the current in the supply lines whenever the motor behaves as a current generator.
The driving circuit implements a method of preventing generation of voltage surges on the supply lines of a DC motor comprising monitoring and comparing with a respective threshold at least a working parameter of the motor belonging to the group composed of: the voltage on the supply node of an output power stage of the motor, the voltage on at least a winding of the motor, the direction of flow of the current in the supply lines of the output power stage and the phase difference between the current circulating in at least a winding of the motor and the back electromotive force induced on the same winding; whenever at least one of the monitored parameters exceeds its respective threshold, forcing on each winding of the motor a voltage such to prevent substantial inversion of the direction of flow of the current on the supply lines.

Abstract translation: 直流电动机的驱动电路包括一个控制电路产生控制信号，马达驱动电路，由控制电路指令时，在输出的功率级的驱动连接在供给线电动机的绕组的开关产生respectivement命令信号 平行于滤波电容器。 的驱动电路，防止产生显著大小的电压浪涌的电源线上，因为驱动电路具有的逻辑电路防止在供电线路中的电流的流动的方向的任何显着反转时电机表现为电流发生器。 的驱动电路实现防止产生电压的方法激增对直流电动机的电源线包括监测和与阈值进行比较respectivement至少属于组成的组中的电动机的工作参数：上的电压 电动机的输出功率级的电源节点，在其至少绕组电动机的电压，在输出功率级和电流之间的相位差的电源线的电流的流动的方向中循环至少 一个绕组电机和感应在同一绕组的反电动势的; 每当被监视的参数中的至少一个超过其阈respectivement，迫使每个绕组的电动机的电压寻求避免电源线的电流的流动的方向的显着反转。

公开(公告)号：EP1241670A1

公开(公告)日：2002-09-18

申请号：EP01830176.2

申请日：2001-03-15

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Schillaci, Luca ,  Nessi, Maurizio ,  Galbiati, Ezio

IPC: G11B21/08 ,  G11B5/55

CPC classification number: G11B5/5547 ,  G11B21/083

Abstract: A circuit for estimating the speed of an electromagnetic actuator (VCM) associated with a reading head of a disc storage unit with a digital controller (15) comprises a resistor (Rs) in series with the actuator and an adder (30) with inputs connected to the supply terminals (P, M) of the actuator and to the measuring resistor (Rs) via means for transferring to the adder, in predetermined proportions and with predetermined sign, the supply voltage and the voltage across the measuring resistor (Rs). The transfer means comprising calibration means controlled by the controller (15) in order to determine the predetermined voltage proportions in a manner such that the output voltage of the circuit is substantially proportional to the back electromotive force generated by the actuator in motion. In order to achieve precision and versatility without occupying much integrated-circuit area, the calibration means comprise an adjustable-gain amplifier (34) and means for determining the gain of the amplifier, comprising coarse setting means (Vref2, 41, 42) and fine calibration means controlled by the controller.

Abstract translation: 用于利用数字控制器（15）估计与盘存储单元的读取头相关联的电磁致动器（VCM）的速度的电路包括与致动器串联的电阻器（Rs）和与输入相连的加法器（30） 通过用于以预定比例和预定的符号将测量电阻器（Rs）两端的电源电压和电压传送到加法器的装置，经由致动器的供电端子（P，M）和测量电阻器（Rs）。 传送装置包括由控制器（15）控制的校准装置，以便以使得电路的输出电压基本上与由致动器运动产生的反电动势成比例的方式确定预定的电压比例。 为了在不占用大量集成电路面积的情况下实现精确度和通用性，校准装置包括可调增益放大器（34）和用于确定放大器增益的装置，包括粗设置装置（Vref2,41,42）和精细 校准装置由控制器控制。

公开(公告)号：EP1137162A1

公开(公告)日：2001-09-26

申请号：EP00830225.9

申请日：2000-03-23

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Galbiati, Ezio ,  Nessi, Maurizio ,  Palestra, Marco

IPC: H02M7/5387

CPC classification number: H02M7/53873

Abstract: A feedback control circuit of the current in a load constituted by a winding in series to a current sensing resistor, coupled to a full-bridge output stage, an amplifier (SENSE_AMPL) coupled to the terminals of the sensing resistor, a controller fed with the output of the amplifier and with a voltage reference (V IN ) and producing a correction signal, has a PWM converter for generating a pair of control signals (I N +, I N -) that comprises an up/down counter producing a count value and a logic circuitry that produces the complement to two of the correction signal. A pair of registers first (D_I N +) and second (D_I N -) are coupled to the outputs of the controller and of the logic circuitry. A first comparator (COMP_1) coupled to the outputs of the counter and of the first register (D_I N +) produces the first control signal (I N +) if the count signal exceeds the value stored in the first register (D_I N +) and a second comparator (COMP_2) coupled to the counter and to the second register (D_I N -), produces the second control signal (I N -) if the count signal overcomes the value stored in the second register (D_I N -).

Abstract translation: 负载中的电流的反馈控制电路由串联连接到电流检测电阻器的绕组构成，耦合到全桥输出级，耦合到感测电阻器的端子的放大器（SENSE_AMPL），馈送有 具有用于产生一对控制信号（IN +，IN-）的PWM转换器，所述PWM转换器包括放大器的输出和参考电压（VIN）并产生校正信号，所述控制信号包括产生计数值的上/下计数器和逻辑电路 其产生对两个校正信号的补码。 一对寄存器（D_IN +）和第二（D_IN-）被耦合到控制器和逻辑电路的输出。 如果计数信号超过存储在第一寄存器（D_IN +）中的值和第二比较器（COMP_2），则耦合到计数器和第一寄存器（D_IN +）的输出的第一比较器（COMP_1）产生第一控制信号 ），如果计数信号克服存储在第二寄存器（D_IN-）中的值，则产生第二控制信号（IN-）到计数器和第二寄存器（D_IN-）。

公开(公告)号：EP1091480A1

公开(公告)日：2001-04-11

申请号：EP99830619.5

申请日：1999-09-30

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Galbiati, Ezio ,  Boscolo, Michele ,  Viti, Marco

IPC: H02P6/18

CPC classification number: H02P6/182

Abstract: A method of detecting the zero-cross event of an induced back electromotive force or of the nullification instant of a periodic current in a PWM driven winding, by circuits generating an analog signal representative of said back electromotive force or of said current, means for comparing said analog signal with zero and producing a first logic signal (READ _ZC), means for generating a PWM driving signal, means for storing the duration of the time interval between two consecutive zero-cross events, includes:

storing the value (TC) of the time interval between the last two events of zero-cross detected;
synchronizing the PWM driving signal at the end of a time interval from the instant of the last zero-cross detected of duration equal to the difference between ae time (TS) established in function of said stored value (TC) and a first prefixed value (T1);
if a new zero-cross event is not detected within said established time (TS), disabling the switching of the PWM signal for a time interval, the maximum duration of which is equal to a second prefixed value or until the occurrence of a new zero-cross event.

A hardware implementation is also described.

Abstract translation: 一种通过产生表示所述反电动势或所述电流的模拟信号的电路的电流来检测在PWM驱动绕组中的感应反电动势的零交叉事件或周期性电流的无效时刻的方法，用于比较 所述模拟信号具有零并产生第一逻辑信号（READ_ZC），用于产生PWM驱动信号的装置，用于存储两个连续零交叉事件之间的时间间隔的持续时间的装置包括：存储所述模拟信号的值（TC） 检测到零交叉的最后两个事件之间的时间间隔; 在从与所述存储值（TC）的功能建立的ae时间（TS）之间的差值等于等于所述存储值（TC）的第一前缀值（TC）之间的差值的持续时间的最后检测到的零交叉时刻之间的时间间隔结束时，将PWM驱动信号同步， T1）; 如果在所述建立的时间（TS）内没有检测到新的零交叉事件，则禁用一段时间间隔的PWM信号的切换，其最大持续时间等于第二前缀值，或直到发生新的零 交叉事件 还描述了硬件实现。

公开(公告)号：EP0897213A1

公开(公告)日：1999-02-17

申请号：EP97830421.0

申请日：1997-08-11

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Galbiati, Ezio ,  Salina, Alberto

IPC: H02M7/5387

CPC classification number: H02M7/53871 ,  H02M2001/0009 ,  H02M2003/1555 ,  H02P6/28 ,  H02P25/034

Abstract: The monitoring the current lowing through an inductive load driven through a bridge power stage in a PWM mode, by using a pair of complementary periodic reference signals and amplifying by a sensing amplifier the signal existing on of a current sensing resistor functionally connected in series with the load, for producing an amplified signal representative of the current in the load to be fed to an input of an error amplifier driving a power amplifier of said bridge stage, comprises sampling the signal output by the sensing amplifier with a Sample & Hold circuit comprising a sampling switch and a storing capacitor. The average value of the current in the load in monitored by sampling at an instant half way an active driving phase and at an instant half way a current recirculation phase by closing the switch with a synchronizing pulse that coincides with the half instant of said phases of operation. The synchronizing pulse is generated in coincidence with the peak and with the virtual zero crossing of said two reference periodic signals, outphased by 180 degrees. A two-input logic AND gate, combining said synchronizing pulse and a masking signal of a preestablished duration generated at every switching of said bridge stage may also be employed.

Abstract translation: 通过使用一对互补的周期性参考信号并通过感测放大器放大电流感测电阻器上存在的电流信号，通过在PWM模式下通过桥式功率级驱动的感性负载来监测电流下降，该电流检测电阻与 负载，用于产生表示要馈送到驱动所述桥接级的功率放大器的误差放大器的输入端的负载中的电流的放大信号，包括由采样保持电路采样，包括采样保持电路 采样开关和存储电容器。 通过在瞬时半途中进行采样来监视的负载中的电流的平均值，并且在瞬间的一半时间通过用同步脉冲关闭开关，该同步脉冲与所述相位的半个时刻相符 操作。 同步脉冲与峰值和所述两个参考周期信号的虚拟过零点一致地产生，偏离180度。 组合所述同步脉冲和在所述桥接台的每次切换时产生的预先建立的持续时间的屏蔽信号的双输入逻辑与门也可以采用。

公开(公告)号：EP2237405A1

公开(公告)日：2010-10-06

申请号：EP10158288.0

申请日：2010-03-30

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Galbiati, Ezio ,  Peritore, Roberto ,  Bartolini, Michele ,  Mirabelli, Agostino

IPC: H02P6/08 ,  H02P6/22 ,  G11B5/55 ,  G11B5/596 ,  H02P25/02

CPC classification number: H02P6/08 ,  G11B5/022 ,  G11B5/5547 ,  H02P6/085 ,  H02P6/22 ,  H02P25/034

Abstract: There is described a control device for the change of the driving modality of an electromagnetic load (3); the electromagnetic load is passed through by a current (Ivcm). The device has at the input a control signal (L/P) to change the operation modality of an electromagnetic load (3) from a first operation modality (PWM) to a second operation modality (LIN) or vice versa and a signal (Tri_Peak, Tri_Mid) representative of the passage of current (Icvm) that passes through the load (3) for substantially its average value (IM). The device comprises first means (100, 201) adapted to synchronize the driving signal (L/P) for changing the first operation modality to the second operation modality or vice versa of the electromagnetic load with the signal (Tri_Peak, Tri_Mid) of the passage of current (Ivcm) passing through the load (3) for substantially its average value, and to generate a driving signal (S1p) as a function of said synchronization. ( Fig. 6 )

Abstract translation: 描述了用于改变电磁负载（3）的驱动模态的控制装置; 电流负载通过电流（Ivcm）。 该设备在输入端具有控制信号（L / P），以将电磁负载（3）的操作模式从第一操作模式（PWM）改变为第二操作模态（LIN）或反之亦然，信号（Tri_Peak ，Tri_Mid）代表通过负载（3）基本上其平均值（IM）的电流（Icvm）的通过。 所述装置包括适于使所述第一操作模态的驱动信号（L / P）与所述电磁负载的第二操作模态（或反之亦然）同步的通道的信号（Tri_Peak，Tri_Mid）的第一装置（100,201） 通过负载（3）的电流（Ivcm）基本上为其平均值，并且产生作为所述同步的函数的驱动信号（S1p）。 （图6）

公开(公告)号：EP1863164A1

公开(公告)日：2007-12-05

申请号：EP06425368.5

申请日：2006-05-30

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Galbiati, Ezio

IPC: H02P6/18 ,  H02P25/02 ,  H02K41/035 ,  G11B21/12 ,  G11B5/54 ,  G11B5/55

CPC classification number: G11B21/12 ,  G11B5/54 ,  G11B19/20 ,  H02P3/22 ,  H02P25/034

Abstract: A significative enhancement of the efficiency of energy recovery during recirculation phases of the motor windings currents, that is when all the MOSFETs of the output bridge stage of the spindle motor are turned off (tristated) for charging a hold capacitor is accomplished by allowing the recirculation of the motor currents no longer through the intrinsic diodes of the integrated structure of the MOSFETs as it is done in the prior art techniques, but through the same MOSFETs of the output bridge stage that are purposely and coordinately turned on during the current recirculation phases. Practically, according to this invention, recirculation of the currents (and the charging of the hold capacitor) takes place through fully saturated power MOSFETs, thus providing for a significantly lower voltage drop than the voltage drop that is experienced when recirculating the currents through the intrinsic diodes of the same power MOSFETs.

Abstract translation: 在电机绕组电流的再循环相能量回收效率的有意义的提高，所做的是通过使所述再循环当主轴电机的输出桥级的所有MOSFET被关断（三态）的充电保持电容器是实现 的电动机电流通过，因为它是在现有技术的技术来完成MOSFET的集成结构的本征二极管不再的，而是通过输出桥级的相同的MOSFET也期间的电流再循环相故意，协调打开。 实际上，雅丁本发明，该电流（和保持电容器的充电）的再循环发生通过完全饱和的功率MOSFET，从而提供了比所述电压降显着更低的电压降并有经验当通过固有再循环的电流 相同的功率MOSFET的二极管。

公开(公告)号：EP1641115A1

公开(公告)日：2006-03-29

申请号：EP04425713.7

申请日：2004-09-27

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Galbiati, Ezio

IPC: H02P7/00

CPC classification number: G11B5/5547 ,  G11B5/022 ,  H02P25/034

Abstract: The present invention refers to an apparatus for driving an electromagnetic load (LD). The apparatus comprises a power stage (1, 2) comprising at least one first (1) and one second (2) transistor half-bridge and the electromagnetic load (LD) is arranged between the first (1) and the second (2) half-bridge. The apparatus comprises a first (5) and a second (6) device suitable for driving in linear modality respectively the first (1) and the second (2) half-bridge and another device (7) suitable for driving in pulse width modulation modality the first half-bridge (1), first switch means (SW1) suitable for connecting the first half-bridge (1) to the first device (5) or to the other device (7) in response to a control signal (Lin/PWM), second switch means (SW2) suitable for connecting the second half-bridge (2) to the second device (6) in response to the control signal (Lin/PWM). The apparatus has an input signal (Vin) and comprises a further device (10) suitable for connecting the second half-bridge (2) to a first reference voltage (Vgate) and to a second reference voltage (GND), with said first reference voltage (Vgate) greater than said second reference voltage (GND), when said first half-bridge (1) is connected to the other device (7) suitable for driving it in pulse width modulation modality.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及用于驱动电磁负载（LD）的装置。 该装置包括一个包括至少一个第一（1）和一个第二（2）晶体管半桥的功率级（1,2），并且电磁负载（LD）被布置在第一（1）和第二（2） 半桥。 该装置包括适于以线性模态分别驱动第一（1）和第二（2）半桥的第一（5）和第二（6）装置，以及适于以脉宽调制模式驱动的另一装置（7） 第一半桥（1），适于将第一半桥（1）连接到第一设备（5）或另一设备（7）的第一开关装置（SW1）响应于控制信号（Lin / PWM），适于根据控制信号（Lin / PWM）将第二半桥（2）连接到第二装置（6）的第二开关装置（SW2）。 该装置具有输入信号（Vin）并且包括适于将第二半桥（2）连接到第一参考电压（Vgate）和第二参考电压（GND）的另一设备（10），其中所述第一参考 当所述第一半桥（1）连接到适合以脉冲宽度调制模式驱动的另一装置（7）时，所述第二参考电压（GND）的电压（Vgate）大于所述第二参考电压（GND）。

公开(公告)号：EP1258980B1

公开(公告)日：2005-12-07

申请号：EP01203450.0

申请日：2001-09-12

Applicant: STMicroelectronics S.r.l.

Inventor： Boscolo, Michele ,  Viti, Marco ,  Galbiati, Ezio

IPC: H02P6/24

CPC classification number: H02P6/24