Abstract:
A method for preparing lactams by cyclizing hydrolysis of a corresponding aminonitrile is described. A method for manufacturing a lactam by reacting an aminonitrile with water in the presence of a catalyst involving placing the water and the aminonitrile in contact in vapor phase, passing the mixture of vapors through a bed of catalyst arranged in at least one tube forming a reaction chamber and recovering the lactam at the outlet of the tube is also described.
Abstract:
Dyes difficultly soluble or insoluble in water are used together with specific auxiliaries to dye or print textile material made from cellulose fibres, or mixtures thereof with synthetic fibres. These auxiliaries effect an increased dye yield, particularly on the cellulose material, and level tone-in-tone dyeings on mixed fabrics.
Abstract:
Epsilon -CAPROLACTAM IS RECOVERED FROM A Beckmann rearrangement mixture of the lactam and aqueous sulfuric acid by simultaneously neutralizing the rearrangement mixture with ammonia at a pressure of 1-5 atmospheres and crystallizing out ammonium sulfate, the heat liberated by the neutralization reaction is removed from the system by evaporating a portion of the water from the solution. At the conditions employed hydrolysis of the lactam is substantially reduced if not entirely avoided.
Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for preventing a material belonging to the 4th class of dangerous material designated by the Fire Services Act from deteriorating during its preservation and conveyance in shipping by filling it in a container. SOLUTION: This method for preventing the material belonging to the 4th class of dangerous material designated by the Fire Services Act and filled in the container of 10 L-30 kL volume from deteriorating is provided by filing the material under an oxygen concentration reduced to ≤4 vol.% by introducing nitrogen gas into the container, then further introducing nitrogen gas to make the oxygen concentration of ≤300 vol. ppm and hermetically sealing the container. COPYRIGHT: (C)2003,JPO