Abstract:
Alternatives to chlorofluorocarbons are provided by the inventive process for synthesizing fluorine-containing products RCFbHc+a-1Hf+d-1FeCR' which may optionally be carried out without the isolation of any intermediate in a single reactor or a series of reactors. The process comprises combining chlorine-containing reactants RCClaFbHc and R'CCldFeHf in the presence of hydrogen and at least one catalyst. R and R' are chosen from the group consisting of halogens, halogenated hydrocarbons, and hydrocarbons, and at least one of R and R' contains fluorine, a and d are integers from 1 to 3, b, c, e, and f are integers from 0 to 2, the sum of a, b, and c is 3, and the sum of d, e, and f is 3, and further treating the coupled products in the presence of an optional catalyst with hydrogen or a fluorinating agent.
Abstract:
A remote compensation valve (20) through which pressurized fluid from a master cylinder (14) is communicated to the wheel brakes (24,26) of a vehicle. The compensation valve (20) has a housing (200) with a bore (202) therein for retaining a shuttle piston (210). The shuttle piston (210) has a first land (212) separated from a second land (214) by a groove (216) and an axial bore (218) connected to the groove (216) by a radial bore (224). A first spring (250) carried by the piston (210) urges a poppet valve (244) toward a seat (230) to control the communication of pressurized fluid through the axial bore (218) to an outlet port (208). A tilt valve (232) located in a compensation port (206) has a pin (234) that extends into the groove (216). A second spring (254) located in the housing (200) urges the piston (210) toward a rest position where the first land (212) engages the pin (234) of the tilt valve (232) to establish communication between the source of fluid and the bore (202) and poppet valve (244) is seated on the piston (210) to prevent communication through the axial bore (218). A movable stop pin (258) retained in the housing (200) has a first end (262) external to the housing (200) and a second end (264) that extend into the axial bore (218) of the piston (210). A manual input force on the first end (262) of the movable stop pin (250) brings the second end (266) into engagement with the poppet valve (244) to initiate communication between the compensation port (206) and the master cylinder (14) to remove any air from the master cylinder (14).
Abstract:
A direct view display (10) comprising: (a) light generating means (12) for generating light; (b) modulating means (18) for modulating light from said light generating means to form an image; and (c) image display means (22) for displaying said image from said modulating means positioned adjacent to the light output surface of said modulating means, said display means comprising an array of tapered optical waveguides (28) on a planar substrate the tapered end of each of said waveguides extending outward from said substrate and having a light input surface adjacent said substrate and a light output surface distal from light input surface, wherein: (i) the area of the light input surface of each waveguide is greater than the area of its light ouptut surface, and the center-to-center distance between the light input surfaces of adjacent waveguides in said array is equal to the center-to-center distance between the light output surfaces thereof, so that the angular distribution of light emerging from the output surfaces of the waveguides is larger than the angular distribution of light entering the waveguides; and (ii) the waveguides in said array are separated by interstitial regions (33) with a lower refractive index than the refractive index of said waveguides.
Abstract:
The aircraft brake retention mechanism (40) comprises a retractable mechanism (41) having an enlarged circular head (42), and a threaded shaft (43) received threadedly in an end part (50) biased by a resilient mechanism (60). The head (42), shaft (43), end part (50) and resilient mechanism (60) are received within a radial opening (33) of a piston housing (30), with the end part (50) extending through the radial opening (33) and into abutting engagement with a flange (13A) of the axle (13). The piston housing (30) is connected fixedly with a torque tube (20) so that the piston housing (30)/torque tube (20) and associated brake discs (34, 36) are retained axially by the axle flange (13A) which is captured axially between the end part (50) and torque tube (20). The retractable mechanism (41) may be retracted manually and rotated to engage a surface (37A) of the piston housing (30) and be retained in the retracted position, so that the brake assembly (10) may be disengaged from the axle (13).
Abstract:
Azeotrope-like compositions comprising 1,1,1,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134a) or 1,1,2,2-tetrafluoroethane (HFC-134) and ammonia are stable and have utility as refrigerants for heating and cooling.
Abstract:
The degree of cure and the amount of epoxy resin in a fiberglass reinforced epoxy resin prepreg is measured by exposing the prepreg to a series of light pulses created by optical filters transmitting light at predetermined bandwidths about selected wavelengths, preferably centered at wavenumbers of about 4529 cm and 4055 cm and measuring the amount of epoxy groups and methyl groups present relative to reference values from the electrical pulses produced by a phase sensitive photoelectric detector disposed to receive said light pulses after being exposed to said prepreg. When such measurements are made in a continuously moving sheet of prepreg, it is possible to control the variation of percent cure and resin content to no greater than +/-3 % cure and +/-3 % resin content over a distance of at least 400 yds (366m).
Abstract:
A non-aqueous cleaning process uses an organic solvent for removing soil or surface contamination from contaminated articles such as printed circuit boards which are cleaned by immersion into a sump compartment of a cleaning tank containing the organic cleaning solvent. The organic solvent is preferably a hydrocarbon solvent. The cleaned articles, now coated with the organic cleaning solvent, are then disposed in a rinsing sump containing a fluorocarbon based rinsing solvent having an affinity for the organic cleaning solvent. The organic solvent is thus removed from the articles which are then dried without waste water as in a conventional solvent vapor degreasing solvent process.
Abstract:
This invention relates to a process for forming metal or non-metal carbide fiber from the corresponding metal or non-metal containing material such as a silicon sol or mixtures thereof and silicon, silicon carbide or silicon oxide, or mixtures of silicon carbide and silicon or silicon oxide.
Abstract:
An improved fiber reinforced glass composite includes a boron-containing refractory fiber having its surface enriched with boron nitride in a matrix of a black glass ceramic having the empirical formula SiCxOy where x ranges from about 0.5 to about 2.0, preferably 0.9 to 1.6 and y ranges from about 0.5 to 3.0, preferably 0.7 to 1.8. Preferably the black glass ceramic is derived from cyclosiloxane or non-cyclic siloxane monomers containing a vinyl group attached to silicon and/or a hydride-silicon group. The boron nitride-containing fiber is the product of treating the boron-containing fiber with ammonia at a temperature between about 1125 DEG C and 1250 DEG C. Fibrous failure rather than brittle fracture under stress can be obtained. In one embodiment, composites may be oxidized in air at temperatures of up to 800 DEG C for 5 to 200 hours to improve the stress-strain properties.
Abstract translation:改进的纤维增强玻璃复合材料包括其表面富含氮化硼的含硼耐火纤维,其具有经验式为SiC x O y的黑色玻璃陶瓷的基体,其中x为约0.5至约2.0,优选为0.9至1.6,y范围为 约0.5至3.0,优选0.7至1.8。 优选地,黑色玻璃陶瓷衍生自环硅氧烷或含有连接到硅和/或氢化物 - 硅基团的乙烯基的非环状硅氧烷单体。 含氮化硼的纤维是在约1125℃至1250℃的温度下用氨处理含硼纤维的产物。可以获得纤维失效而不是应力下的脆性断裂。 在一个实施方案中,复合材料可在空气中在高达800℃的温度下氧化5至200小时,以改善应力 - 应变性能。
Abstract:
A fluid pressure system (22) and stoplight control circuit for a towed vehicle which is either an intermediate unit or the last unit of a vehicle train includes an inlet supply line (24) for receiving fluid pressure from a preceding unit and an outlet supply line (66) which is connected to a corresponding coupling of a succeding unit when the vehicle is an intermediate unit and which is connected to a coupling hanger (76) when the unit is the last unit of a vehicle train. A pressure responsive stop light switch (80) is connected into the coupling hanger. Accordingly, when the outlet supply line is connected to the coupling hanger, the contacts of the stop light switch are closed, thus permitting power to the stop lights when a brake application is effected. However, when the outlet supply line is connected to a succeeding vehicle, the coupling hanger is vented, so that the contacts of the pressure responsive switch are open, thus interrupting power to the stop lights and conserving power on the vehicle.