Abstract:
An improved rigid composite of the type comprising a plurality of fibrous layers at least two of which are secured together by a securing means, said improvements comprising a securing means which comprises at least two adjacent paths.
Abstract:
The invention generally relates to a process for the purification of a component of a binary azeotrope in which the composition of the azeotrope changes by about 10 mole percent with pressure comprising: a) subjecting a binary azeotrope to a distillation step in which most of one of the binary components is removed as distillate (distillate 1) with the bottoms (bottoms 1) enriched in the other component; b) subjecting distillate 1 to at least one additional distillation step conducted at a different pressure in which most of the component recovered as bottoms 1 is removed as distillate 2 with the bottoms 2 enriched in the component enriched in distillate 1; c) optionally repeating step (b) as many times as desired; and d) recovering the desired purified component. The invention is particularly useful in the purification of pentafluoroethane in a pentafluoroethane/chloropentafluoroethane azeotrope.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to ion exchange membranes comprising soluble graft copolymer comprising a backbone of a first polymer having a main chain containing aromatic rings and a polymerizable vinyl or ring containing compound which contains at least one functional group which displays ion exchange functionality or may be converted to display ion exchange functionality, which is grafted onto said first polymer on at least one of said aromatic rings or on at least one benzylic carbon atom of said aromatic rings. The copolymer components may be selected to produce membranes for a variety of uses including electrodialytic processes such as electrodialytic concentration and separation processes, electrodialytic water splitting, electrolysis or electrolytic splitting of water and fuel cells for electrical generation; and pressure or chemical potential driven membrane processes such as ultrafiltration, reverse osmosis, piezodialysis, diffusion dialysis and pervaporation. The ion exchange membranes of the present invention display excellent mechanical properties, electrical and mechanical stability to oxidizing acids, good permselectivity and resistance to fouling. Process for making said graft copolymers, and process for making specific graft copolymers are also disclosed.
Abstract:
An improved thermal energy storage system and a process for thermal energy storage and transfer are disclosed. The cooling medium, a clathrate forming mixture, comprises water, and a hydrofluorocarbon having at least carbon atoms and a molecular diameter less than about 7 ANGSTROM . Preferably the hydrofluorocarbon is selected from hydrofluoropropanes and more preferably is selected from the group consisting of CHF2CHFCHF2, CF2HCF2CH2F, CF3CHFCH2F, CF3CH2CF2H, CF3CF2CH3, CF3CHFCF2H, CF3CH2CF3, CF3CF2CF2H, CH2FCF2CF3, CHF2CF2CH3, CF3CF2CF2CH3, CF3CF2CF2CF2H, and CF3CFHCFHCF3.
Abstract:
A hybrid servomechanism includes a speed control, a rotor position control and a brushless motor. When enabled, the position control commands a stationary stator magnetomotive force (mmf) vector, allowing the motor's rotor to rotate until load torque and motor torque are balanced. This position control eliminates limit cycle operation and allows the motor to compensate for backdriving caused by external loads.
Abstract:
An aircraft brake assembly (10, 100, 200) designed as original equipment to have convertible heat sinks comprises one of a steel heat sink (140) and a carbon-carbon composite heat sink (40). When a carbon-carbon composite heat sink (40) is contained within the brake assembly (10), the piston housing (30) contains a plurality of piston bushing assemblies (32) with bushings (33), pistons (34) and adjuster mechanisms (36). The backing plate (28) of the torque tube (20) has riveted thereto a series of connectors (33) which are received within corresponding openings (29) of a carbon-carbon composite backing plate friction material stator disc (27). When the brake assembly (10) is converted to a steel heat sink (140, 240), the carbon-carbon composite heat sink (40) is separated from the torque tube (20) and piston housing (30), the connectors (33) removed from the rivets (31) and backing plate (28), and the piston bushing assemblies (32) removed from the piston housing (30). Whithin the piston housing (30), a second group of piston bushing assemblies (132, 232) are inserted, which have internal components that are dimensionally different from the first group of piston bushing assemblies (32). Backing plate pads are riveted to the backing plate (28) as the steel heat sink (140, 240) is assembled with the torque tube (20) and piston housing (30). The steps are reversed in order to convert the steel heat sink aircraft brake assembly (100, 200) to the carbon-carbon composite heat sink aircraft brake assembly (10).
Abstract:
A seal for preventing leakage of pressurized fluid along a flow path along an engagement plane (26) between a first (10) and second (16) members. The seal has a cylindrical body (50) with a first elastomeric ring (52) located on an end and a second elastomeric ring (54) located on a peripheral surface of the cylindrical body (50). The cylindrical body (50) is located in a passage (30) in the second member (16). A spring (64) urges the first elastomeric ring (52) into engagement with a face (12) on the first member (10) when the first (10) and second (16) members are joined together. Pressurized fluid which flows from a passage (28) in the first member (10) into the second passage (30) in the second member (16) acts on the cylindrical body (50) to further urge the end (56) into engagement with the first member (10) to prevent fluid leakage along the engagement plane (26) therebetween.
Abstract:
A process for producing fluorinated organic compounds comprising reacting an organic compound fluorination agent in the presence of a fluorination catalyst, while maintaining a pressure less than sufficient for high-temperature distillation, to produce the desired fluorinated carbon compound.
Abstract:
An air turbine flow restrictor comprises a sensor for determining the rotational velocity of the turbine wheel. In response to a detected speed above a predetermined threshold, particles are injected into the inlet airstream. In one embodiment of the invention, the particles are metal disks. The disks, carried by the airstream become lodged in the nozzles of the air turbine, thereby restricting the flow of air to the turbine wheel.
Abstract:
A system and method according to the present invention monitors battery status and engine conditions and controls the alternator to selectively charge the battery depending upon specified battery and engine conditions to optimize the health and operating characteristics of the battery and engine, resulting in reduced fuel consumption.