Abstract:
The invention relates to a catalyst complex comprising boron trifluoride and a co-catalyst mixture of 10 to 90 wt% of a monovalent primary C 1 to C 20 alcohol and 90 to 10 wt% of a monovalent secondary C 3 to C 20 alcohol, wherein the molar ratio of boron trifluoride to the sum of all alcohols is 2:1 to 1:10. Said catalyst complex is used in the production of highly reactive isobutene homopolymers having a number-average molecular weight of 300 to 50,000, wherein a C 4 hydrocarbon mixture containing at least 20 wt% of isobutene and in total at least 10 wt% of other C 4 olefins is used as a feed material.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing mainly ethylenically unsaturated isobutene polymers, wherein the sum of proportions of molecules with a double bond in an α position and molecules with a double bond in a position β is increased to 75 %mol by polymerising isobutene in a liquid phase in the presence of a diluted or dispersed catalyst complex which comprises (i) an electron donor and (ii) a compound of general formula (I) Ha Meb [MFx]c, wherein Me is a metal with oxidation state m, M is an element selected from elements of the groups 2, 3, 4, 5, 10, 11, 13, 14 or 15 of the periodic table according to the IUPAC notation of an element oxidation number n, a is an integer ≥1, b is an integer ≥0, x is an integer ≥2 and c is [(a+mb)/(x-n)]. The catalyst is preferably embodied in the form of HBF4 O(CH3)2. The inventive method makes it possible to obtain an isobutene polymer having a low fluorine-content even using technical C4 hydrocarbon portions as an isobutene source.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for processing a liquid reaction discharge of the cationic polymerisation of isobutene, which essentially consists of polyisobutene, unconverted isobutene and an inert diluent. According to said method, the reaction discharge is heated and expanded in an expansion chamber, whereby as a result of said expansion, the reaction discharge is separated into a liquid phase containing the polyisobutene and a gas phase containing the bulk of the isobutene contained in the reaction discharge and of the diluent.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing polyisobutenes, in which isobutene is polymerized in liquid organic phase in the presence of a Lewis acid catalyst, the organic phase is mixed with an aqueous terminating agent in a dynamic mixer in order to terminate the reaction, said dynamic mixer comprising an axially symmetrical mixing chamber formed by a peripheral wall and two end walls as well as a mixing rotor that is rotatably driven therein. The organic phase is introduced via a first inlet located in the peripheral wall while the aqueous terminating agent is introduced via a second inlet located in the peripheral wall, and a finely dispersed mixture of the organic phase and the terminating agent is withdrawn via an outlet located in the peripheral wall and is delivered to a phase separation process. The inventive method is used for producing highly reactive polyisobutenes and/or polyisobutenes having a narrow molecular weight distribution.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a process for preparing high- reactivity isobutene homo- or copolymers with a content of terminal vinylidene double bonds per polyisobutene chain end of at least 70 mol%, which comprises polymerizing isobutene or an isobutene-comprising monomer mixture in the presence of an aluminum trihalide-donor complex effective as a polymerization catalyst or an alkylaluminum halide-donor complex effective as a polymerization catalyst, wherein the aluminum trihalide or alkylaluminum halide is treated with at least one inorganic hydrate.
Abstract:
Polyisobutylene having a total percentage of vinylidene double bonds of more than 50 mol.% and a number average molecular weight of 500 to 10,000 daltons, wherein at least 10% of all the vinylidene double bonds in the polyisobutylene are in one or more side chains composed of at least 2 carbon atoms on the polyisobutylene main chain. Polyisobutylene of this type is suitable for producing fuel additives and lubricant additives.
Abstract:
Production of isobutene homo- or copolymers having a number average molecular weight of 500 to 5,000,000 by polymerisation of isobutene or an isobutene-containing monomer mixture in the presence of a Lewis acid or a complex containing a Lewis acid as a polymerisation catalyst, the polymerisation being performed in the presence of at least one hemiacetal or acetal, which can be obtained by protonic acid-catalysed reaction of at least one C 1 to C 12 hydrocarbyl alcohol with at least one aldehyde or ketone having 1 to 12 carbon atoms.
Abstract:
Preparation of high-reactivity isobutene homo- or copolymers with a content of terminal vinylidene double bonds per polyisobutene chain end of at least 50 mol% by polymerization of isobutene or isobutene-comprising monomer mixtures in the presence of Lewis acids suitable as polymerization catalysts or of complexes which are effective as polymerization catalysts and are formed from Lewis acids and donors, and in the presence of initiators, wherein the initiators used are organic sulfonic acids Z‑SO 3 H in which the variable Z denotes an alkyl radical, haloalkyl radical, cycloalkyl radical, aryl radical or arylalkyl radical.
Abstract:
Preparation of polyisobutylene whose content of terminal double bonds is more than 50% via polymerization of isobutene using a polymerization catalyst conventional for this purpose, from an industrial C4 hydrocarbon stream which comprises 1-butene, 2-butene and isobutene and which can comprise up to 3000 ppm by weight of 1,3-butadiene, by reducing the content of oxygenates in the C4 hydrocarbon stream, prior to polymerization of the isobutene, via contact with an inorganic adsorbent at a pressure of from 1 to 20 bar and at a temperature of from 20 to 220°C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for producing a polyisobutene with a molecular weight Mn of 400 to 50000, particularly 500 to 10000 by polymerizing isobutene in the presence of a BF3-containing complex catalyst, during which the polymerization is carried out, at least in part, in the presence of one or more cyclic ethers.