Abstract:
A process for preparing an alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acid or an ester thereof, which includes (a) subjecting at least one unsaturated fatty acid or fatty acid derivative to ozonolysis to obtain an ozonolysis reaction mixture; and (b) oxidizing the ozonolysis reaction mixture with an oxidizing agent in the presence of an acid catalyst to obtain an oxidized reaction mixture comprising at least one alpha, omega-dicarboxylic acid or ester; wherein the process is performed using a solvent and the acid catalyst has a pKa of less than or equal to zero, as measured at 25° C.
Abstract:
The present application relates to a process for removing an organic compound having one or more positive charges from an aqueous solution, comprising the steps a) provision of the aqueous solution comprising the organic compound and of a hydrophobic organic solution which comprises a liquid cation exchanger, where the liquid cation exchanger is hydrophobic, and where the liquid cation exchanger has one or more negative charges and an overall negative charge, b) contacting the aqueous solution and the organic solution, and c) separating off the organic solution from the aqueous solution.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a process for preparing omega-amino acids or their esters, which is characterized by the following steps: c) ozonolysis of unsaturated fatty acids or fatty acid derivatives, d) reductive amination of the reaction mixture obtained from the reaction with ozone, to give the omega-amino acid or ester thereof, the reaction being carried out with a C1-C5 alcohol in a mixture with at least 0.5% by weight of water as solvent, based on the total amount of solvent.
Abstract:
A computer system for receiving user data comprising a user access component having a display and a processor arranged to execute a data receiving application, wherein the data receiving application provides on the display at least one address field; and a geographical location device in communication with a location network and arranged to identify a geographical location of the device using information from the location network, the geographical location device located at a user address, the geographical location device operable to provide location data from which address data of the user address is derived and supplied to the data receiving application to automatically populate the address field on the display.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method to produce primary diamines by catalytic conversion of diols having a linear main chain of from 4 to 31 carbon atoms into the corresponding diamines. The reaction is conducted in a liquid or supercritical phase and is catalyzed by a homogeneous ruthenium-containing complex. The primary diamines obtained may be suitable for polyamide syntheses.
Abstract:
Preparation of cyclododecatriene in a continuous or discontinuous process by trimerization of butadiene in the presence of a catalyst system and a solvent, the crude cyclododecatriene obtained being able to be isolated by means of distillation. The cyclooctadiene formed as by-product can likewise be isolated from the crude product.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a method for purifying laurolactam from a crude lactam mixture. In the method of the present invention, laurolactam is selectively crystallized by melt crystallization with controlled cooling of the crude lactam mixture.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a method for the coammoxidation, i.e. for the simultaneous ammoxidation of ketones, especially of cyclic ketones such as cyclododecanone and cyclohexanone. The ammoxidatian method of the invention relates to the production of oximes from ketones or aldehydes using hydrogen peroxide and amnmonia and further using a catalyst that substantially consists of silicon, titanium and oxygen, such as for example titanium silicalite.
Abstract:
An oxime is synthesized by ammoximation of a carbonyl compound. In stage (i) of the process, a carbonyl compound containing 6 to 20 C atoms is reacted with ammonia and hydrogen peroxide in the presence of a) an organic solvent that is a1) at least partly water-soluble, a2) stable under ammoximation conditions, a3) has a boiling point of higher than 100° C. and/or is capable of forming a two-phase azeotrope with water, and b) a titanium-containing heterogeneous catalyst. After the reaction, the catalyst is separated from the reaction mixture. The oxime is crystallized and separated from the reaction mixture. Water is removed from the remaining mother liquor, provided the mother liquor is a two-phase system in which one of the phases is an aqueous phase. Water or a water-containing two-phase azeotrope is distilled off from the mother liquor, while the distillation bottoms and, optionally, the predominantly organic phase of the azeotrope are recycled to stage (i).
Abstract:
A power-assisted closing device (1) for doors, flaps, folding tops or roofs of vehicles, in particular passengers cars, having a pivotably mounted rotary latch (2) which interacts with a fastening peg, a detent pawl (7) which releasably locks the rotary latch (2), and an actuating drive which acts via a disk cam (13) on the rotary latch (2) and the detent pawl (7) to effect an unlocking or locking procedure, wherein a pivotable stop element (17) is arranged on the rotary latch (2) and a pivotable stop element (20) is arranged on the detent pawl (7), the stop element (17, 20) interacting with the disk cam (13) in the unlocking or locking procedure.