Abstract:
An X-ray generation device which can be efficiently used is provided. The X-ray generation device 1 has an electron gun 3, a target unit T, a tubular portion 5, a reflected electron detector 31, and a coil unit 9, and the target unit T includes a plurality of targets 23, and a plurality of mark portions 27 having a predetermined location relationship with the targets 23 and each having a surface area larger than a surface area of the target 23, when viewed from a normal direction to principal faces of the target unit T.
Abstract:
Multi-energy radiation sources comprising charged particle accelerators driven by power generators providing different RF powers to the accelerator, capable of interlaced operation, are disclosed. Automatic frequency control techniques are provided to match the frequency of RF power provided to the accelerator with the accelerator resonance frequency. In one example where the power generator is a mechanically tunable magnetron, an automatic frequency controller is provided to match the frequency of RF power pulses at one power to the accelerator resonance frequency when those RF power pulses are provided, and the magnetron is operated such that frequency shift in the magnetron at the other power at least partially matches the resonance frequency shift in the accelerator when those RF power pulses are provided. In other examples, when the power generator is a klystron or electrically tunable magnetron, separate automatic frequency controllers are provided for each RF power pulse. Methods and systems are disclosed.
Abstract:
The invention relates to an X-ray tube, especially a microfocus X-ray tube (2), comprising means (18) for orienting an electron beam (10) towards a target (4). A control device (20) is used to control the means for orienting the electron beam (10) towards the target (4) in such a way that the electron beam (10) scans the target (4), in addition to a measuring device (22) for measuring the intensity of the target current which flows to different scanning sites when the target (4) is scanned by the electron beam (10), or a measuring variable dependent on the target current, and an evaluation device (24) for associating each measured value of the target flow with the corresponding scanning site. Said X-ray tube enables the easy and economical implementation of a method for checking the operability of the target (4).
Abstract:
Man-portable radiation generation sources and systems that may be carried by hand to a site of interest by one or two people, are disclosed. Methods of use of such sources and systems are also disclosed. Battery operated radiation generation sources, air cooled radiation generation sources, and charged particle accelerators, are also disclosed. A radiation generation source with a target less than 0.20 mm is also disclosed.
Abstract:
Röntgensystem (2) zur Tomosyntheseabtastung eines Objekts (6) enthält eine Röntgenstrahlung (20) zur Durchstrahlung des Objekts (6) aussendenden, während der Tomosyntheseabtastung relativ zum Objekt (6) verschenkbaren Röntgenquelle (8), und einen während der Tomosyntheseabtastung relativ zum Objekt (6) im Wesentlichen ortsfesten 2D-Röntgendetektor (10) zum Empfang der Röntgenstrahlung (20), wobei die Röntgenquelle (8) mindestens zwei, bezüglich ihrer Strahlrichtungen (22a,b) zum Objekt (6) hin nebeneinander angeordnete, unabhängig voneinander auslösbare Strahlquellen (18a,b) aufweist. Bei einem Verfahren zur Tomosyntheseabtastung eines Objekts (6) wird Röntgenstrahlung (20) zur Durchstrahlung des Objekts (6) von einer Röntgenquelle (8) ausgesandt, wobei die Röntgenquelle (8) während der Tomosyntheseabtastung relativ zum Objekt (6) verschwenkt, die Röntgenstrahlung (20) von einem während der Tomosyntheseabtastung bezüglich der Röntgenquelle (8) im wesentlichen ortsfesten 2D-Röntgendetektor (10) empfangen, wobei die Röntgenstrahlung (20) von mindestens zwei, bezüglich ihrer Strahlrichtungen (22a,b) zum Objekt (6) hin nebeneinander angeordneten, unabhängig voneinander auslösbaren Strahlquellen (18a,b) in der Röntgenquelle (8) ausgesandt wird.
Abstract:
Systems and methods for detecting an image of an object by use of X-ray beams generated by multiple small area sources are disclosed. A plurality of monochromator crystals may be positioned to intercept the plurality of first X-ray beams such that a plurality of second X-ray beams each having predetermined energy levels is produced. Further, an object to be imaged may be positioned in paths of the second x-ray beams for transmission of the second X- ray beams through the object and emitting from the object a plurality of transmission X-ray beams. The X-ray beams may be directed at angles of incidence upon a plurality of analyzer crystals for detecting an image of the object.
Abstract:
A method for obtaining a concentrated, monochromatic x-ray beam from a standard x-ray tube or other source of polychromatic emission. X-rays from the anode of the x-ray tube fluoresce an adjoining, independent target that produces a monochromatic spectrum, a portion of which is focused by the x-ray optical system. This two-stage method gives the system considerably versatility without undue loss in signal. The two-stage concentrator makes practical the use of focusing optics in hand-held and portable instruments.
Abstract:
According to one aspect of the present invention, a substrate processing system is provided. The system may include a chamber wall enclosing a chamber, a substrate support positioned within the chamber to support a substrate, an electromagnetic radiation source to emit electromagnetic radiation onto the substrate on the substrate support, the electromagnetic radiation causing photoelectrons to be emitted from a material on the substrate, an analyzer to capture the photoelectrons emitted from the substrate, and a magnetic field generator to generate a magnetic field within the chamber and guide the photoelectrons from the substrate to the analyzer.