Abstract:
In order to provide an improved handling and preparation of metal sheets or strips, in particular allowing a more secure handling of the metal sheet or strip while achieving at the same time a less laborious and more accurate lubrication before forming of the metal sheet or strip, there is provided a coating of a metal sheet or strip comprising a lubricant and a protective base material, wherein the lubricant is contained in the protective base material and wherein the protective base material is at least in part selectively removable. There is also provided a metal sheet or strip capable of forming, in particular of superplastic forming, and having a coating according to the invention at least partially on one or on both sides of the metal sheet and a method for manufacturing a metal sheet or strip according to the invention comprising the steps of providing a metal sheet or strip capable of forming, in particular of superplastic forming, and applying a coating according to the invention.
Abstract:
A solid stick composition for use on steel surfaces that are in sliding or rolling-sliding contact. The solid stick composition comprises a vinyl ester resin, for example, from about 20 to about 80 weight percent vinyl ester resin, a solid lubricant, for example from about 0 to about 80 weight percent lubricant, and optionally a friction modifier, for example from about 0 to about 40% weight percent friction modifier, or a combination of a solid lubricant and a friction modifier. The solid stick comprises at least one of the lubricant or the friction modifier. A method of controlling friction between a metal surface and a second metal surface by applying the solid stick composition to one or more than one of the metal surfaces is also disclosed as well as a method of reducing lateral force in a rail system comprising applying the solid stick composition onto a wheel or rail surface.
Abstract:
This invention relates to the use of ionic liquids as lubricants in vapor compression systems for cooling or heating. This invention also relates to an apparatus for adjusting temperature that operates a vapor compression cycle.
Abstract:
A grease composition which exhibits a long lifetime even when used in high-temperature atmosphere and excellently low evaporation and which is noncombustible, namely, a grease composition which comprises as the base oil an ionic fluid composed of a cation and an anion and having an ion concentration of 1 mol/dm 3 or above as determined at 20°C and which contains a thickening agent having a dropping point of 260°C or above.
Abstract:
Improved boron-based metal working and machining fluids. Boric acid and boron-based additives that,when mixed with certain carrier fluids, such as water, cellulose and/or cellulose derivatives, polyhydric alcohol,polyalkylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, starch, dextrin, in solid and/or solvated forms result in improved metalworking and machining of metallic work pieces. Fluids manufactured with boric acid or boron-based additives effectively reduce friction, prevent galling and severe wear problems on cutting and forming tools.
Abstract:
A solid lubricant and composition useful for lubricating the flanges of locomotive wheels, railcar wheels, rail track and in applications where it is desirable to reduce friction when metal contacts metal. The solid lubricant having from about twenty-five percent to about seventy percent by volume of a polymeric carrier, about five to seventy-five percent by volume of organic and inorganic extreme pressure additives, about zero to twenty percent by volume synthetic extreme pressure anti-wear liquid oil, and about zero to one percent by volume optical brightener.
Abstract:
A metallic material for plastic working which has excellent lubricating properties. The metallic material for plastic working has a gradient two-layer lubricant layer which comprises a base layer located on the metal side, having a thickness of 0.1 to 15.0 mu m, and comprising an inorganic compound as the main component and a lubricant layer located on the surface side, having a thickness of 0.1 to 10.0 mu m, and comprising a lubricant as the main component and in which the ratio of the thickness of the lubricant layer to that of the base layer is from 0.2 to 3.0. The inorganic compound is preferably a phosphate, sulfate, borate, silicate, molybdate, tungstate, etc. The lubricant is preferably a metal soap, wax, polytetrafluoroethylene, molybdenum disulfide, graphite, etc. The metallic material may be iron, steel, stainless steel, etc. The gradient two-layer lubricant layer can be formed by bringing the surface of a metallic material into contact with a water-based treating liquid containing an inorganic compound and a lubricant as major ingredients and then drying the surface.
Abstract:
he present invention provides compositions and methods for the coating and/or ballistic conditioning of firearm projectiles and firearm components including gun barrels, firearm chambers, fully assembled cartridges, shotgun shells, shotgun wads, shot capsules and sabots with molybdenum disulfide. The composition comprises powdered molybdenum disulfide suspended in a carrier comprising a volatile solvent and a binder selected from cellulosic-, alkyd- and acrylic-resins. Methods for the conditioning of firearm bores by the formation of a hardened layer comprising a product of the reaction or interaction of molybdenum disulfide with materials in the barrel bore are also disclosed.
Abstract:
A lubricant for hot rolling used when high-Cr stainless steel is hot rolled, the lubricant being supplied continuously at least while the hot rolling of high-Cr stainless steel is done, to the surface, which contacts the material to be rolled, of a working roll, the lubricant being obtained by dispersing 10-40 wt.% of iron hydroxide powder having an average particle diameter of not less than 0.1 mu m and less than 1 mu m into a viscous aqueous solution produced by dissolving a thickener, which comprises water-soluble high polymer, in water, the lubricant having apparent viscosity of 1000-50000 cP.