Abstract:
The present invention pertains to a method and apparatus for total hemoglobin measurement. A modulated optical signal based on a digital code sequence is transmitted to human tissue. A temporal transfer characteristic is determined from the modulated optical signal. Total hemoglobin is determined based on the temporal transfer characteristic.
Abstract:
The present invention pertains to a method and apparatus for cerebral oximetry. A modulated optical signal based on a digital code sequence is transmitted to the human brain. A temporal transfer characteristic is derived from the modulated optical signal. Oxygen level in the brain is determined based on the temporal transfer characteristic.
Abstract:
A multi-channel source assembly for downhole spectroscopy has individual sources that generate optical signals across a spectral range of wavelengths. A combining assembly optically combines the generated signals into a combined signal and a routing assembly that splits the combined signal into a reference channel and a measurement channel. Control circuitry electrically coupled to the sources modulates each of the sources at unique or independent frequencies during operation.
Abstract:
An apparatus for detecting spectra in light emanating from chemical or biochemical reactions occurring in at least one reaction vessel (3) of a plurality of reaction vessels is disclosed. Each reaction vessel (3) has a receptacle portion having an emitting area from which light can emanate. The apparatus may include a masking element (5) having an array of apertures (6) through which light from each reaction vessel (3) can escape. A plurality of light waveguides (7) are arranged to guide light from the apertures (6) in the masking element (5) to a light dispersing device (8) for dispersing the light from each waveguide (7) into a dispersed spectrum. A light detecting device (10) detects specific spectra in the dispersed spectra of light substantially simultaneously. In one embodiment, the apertures (6) are substantially smaller in size than the emitting area of the reaction vessel, but in another embodiment, the apertures (6) are substantially similar in size to the emitting area of the reaction vessel and the light waveguides (7) have a diameter that tapers from a first end substantially similar in diameter to the area of the top of the reaction vessel to a second end that is substantially smaller in diameter. In an alternative embodiment, the light waveguides are not used, when light from the small apertures is directed straight at the light dispersing device. In a further alternative embodiment, several light waveguides are provided for each reaction vessel, each waveguide directing light to a different detector for detecting a different specific spectrum.
Abstract:
A light transmissive temperature control apparatus, a bio-diagnosis apparatus including the transmissive temperature control apparatus, and a method of diagnosing biochemical reaction using the bio-diagnosing apparatus are provided. The light transmissive temperature control apparatus includes at least one tube which is formed of a light transmissive material and configured to contain a sample; and a temperature control unit which accommodates at least a part of the at least one tube which is transparent, guides light to be irradiated onto the at least one tube, and controls a temperature of the at least one tube.
Abstract:
The present invention pertains to a method and apparatus for cerebral oximetry. A modulated optical signal based on a digital code sequence is transmitted to the human brain. A temporal transfer characteristic is derived from the modulated optical signal. Oxygen level in the brain is determined based on the temporal transfer characteristic.
Abstract:
Fast on-line electro-optical detection of wafer defects by illuminating with a short light pulse from a repetitively pulsed laser, a section of the wafer while it is moved across the field of view of an imaging system, and imaging the moving wafer onto a focal plane assembly, optically forming a continuous surface of photo-detectors at the focal plane of the optical imaging system. The continuously moving wafer is illuminated by a laser pulse of duration significantly shorter than the pixel dwell time, such that there is effectively no image smear during the wafer motion. The laser pulse has sufficient energy and brightness to impart the necessary illumination to each sequentially inspected field of view required for creating an image of the inspected wafer die. A novel fiber optical illumination delivery system, which is effective in reducing the effects of source coherence is described. Other novel aspects of the system include a system for compensating for variations in the pulse energy of a Q-switched laser output, methods for autofocussing of the wafer imaging system, and novel methods for removal of repetitive features of the image by means of Fourier plane filtering, to enable easier detection of wafer defects.
Abstract:
Provided is a liquid sample analysis chip reading system. The reading system includes an analysis chip, a light emitting part, a plurality of light wave-guides, and a light receiving part. The analysis chip includes a plurality of detecting parts. The light emitting part includes three light sources emitting light having wavelengths (or colors) different from each other. The plurality of light wave-guides irradiate the light emitted from the light emitting part onto the plurality of corresponding detecting parts, respectively. The light receiving part includes a plurality of light receiving devices for receiving the light having a specific color reflected from each of the plurality of corresponding detecting parts of the analysis chip. The three light sources are discontinuously controlled to emit light onto the plurality of light wave-guides.
Abstract:
The present invention relates generally to the field of biochemical laboratory instrumentation for different applications of measuring properties of samples on e.g. microtitration plates and corresponding sample supports. The object of the invention is achieved by providing an optical measurement instrumentation wherein a sample (281-285) is activated (212AS, 218AS) and the emission is detected (291, 292), wherein between the activation and detection phases of measuring the sample, a shift is made in the relative position between the sample and means (218) directing the activation radiation to the sample as well as in the relative position between the sample and the means (293) receiving the emission radiation from the sample. This can be implemented e.g. by moving (299) the sample assay plate and/or a measuring head between the activation and emission phases of a sample. The invention allows a simultaneous activation of a first sample and detecting emission from a second sample thus enhancing efficiency of the measurement.
Abstract:
A fluorescence detection system comprises a light source configured to produce an excitation light, an optical lens and a fiber bundle. The optical lens is configured to focus the excitation light to a sample to emit fluorescence and to collect the fluorescence. The fiber bundle probe comprises a transmitting fiber configured to transmit the excitation light to the optical lens, and a first receiving fiber configured to deliver the collected fluorescence. The fluorescence detection system further comprises a first detector configured to detect the fluorescence delivered by the receiving fiber to generate a response signal, and a processing unit configured to determine information about the samples by analyzing the response signal. Additionally, a fluorescence detection method is also presented.