Abstract:
A lubricant composition comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity, an amino-functionalized acrylic or methacrylic-containing polymer, comprising about 2 percent to about 8 percent by weight of an amine moiety bearing a tertiary amino group, attached to said polymer through an ester, amide, or imide linkage; and a nitrogen-containing dispersant, provides reduced friction to an internal combustion engine and improved fuel economy.
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for determining the total base number of a used lubricant from an open, all loss, lubricating system. An AC voltage signal is applied between electrodes immersed in the used lubricant and a used-lubricant dependent response to the applied signal measured. The used lubricant base number is determined from the response. To allow for changes in the fresh lubricant inputted to the open lubricating system, the method and apparatus can have means for determining properties of the fresh lubricant needed to determine the total base number of used lubricant. To allow for possible contamination of the used lubricant, the method and apparatus can have means for determining the concentration of contamination and for determining properties of the contaminant needed to determine the total base number of used lubricant.
Abstract:
A method of lubricating a marine diesel 2-stroke engine comprising: (1) monitoring performance characteristics of said engine; (2) selecting a lubricating composition to modify the performance characteristics of the engine, wherein the lubricating composition is prepared by in-situ controlled blending of at least two different fluids, said fluids comprising: (i) a first fluid comprising an additive package with one or more overbased detergents, and optionally other performance additives; (ii) a second fluid comprising an additive package with one or more neutral detergents or overbased detergents, and optionally other performance additives, with the proviso that the first fluid has a ratio of 1 (wt % of overbased detergents)/ 1 (wt % of all additives in the fluid) greater than the second fluid; and (iii) a third fluid comprising an oil of lubricating viscosity; and (3) supplying the lubricating composition of step (2) to the engine, with the proviso that the lubricating composition comprises at least one of the first fluid or the second fluid.
Abstract:
The invention provides a method of lubricating containing: (a) employing a first functional fluid, (b) adding or contacting the first functional fluid with a controlled release gel wherein the controlled release gel has the desired additives to be released imparting the desired properties into the first functional fluid which is for lubricating a mechanical device; and/or adding a delivery system with the desired additives for a second functional fluid; (c) releasing the desired additives from the delivery system into the first functional fluid resulting in the first functional fluid changing into a second functional fluid, with the proviso that the second functional fluid is different from the first functional fluid.
Abstract:
A fluid additive delivery system includes a container (16) for a fluid additive gel (15). The container has one or more openings (19) to allow contact of the fluid with the gel to cause one or more additive components in the gel to be released into the fluid.
Abstract:
The invention provides an amphiphilic compound suitable for oil-in- water systems. The amphiphilic compound contains: (a) a lipophilic component that is hydrocarbon group containing about 20 or more carbon atoms; (b) a hydrophilic component selected from (i) a monomer or an oligomer of an oxyalkylene group containing 2 or more carbon atoms; (ii) a monomer or an oligomer of an oxyalkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms; (iii) an oligiomer containing: (1) an oxyalkylene group containing 3 or more carbon atoms; (2) an oxyalkylene group containing 2 or more carbon atoms, provided component (2) is different from component (1); (iv) a hydrocarbyl substituted hydroxyamine; (v) a polyhydric alcohol; and (vi) a polyamine; and (c) a linker covalently bonding the hydrophilic component and the lipophilic component, wherein the hydrophilic component is present in an amount sufficient to at least partially disperse the amphiphilic compound in water. The invention further.provides a method of preparing the amphiphilic compound.
Abstract:
유체 매질 내 (a) 금속과 적어도 6개 탄소 원자를 갖는 카르복실산의 염, 및 (b)(a) 금속 이외의 금속과 적어도 6개 탄소원자를 갖는 카르복실산 염의 조성물을 (c) 케톡심 같은 착화제를 조성물내에 혼입함으로써 저장 분해 및 침전에 대해 안정화시킨다.
Abstract:
The invention relates to liquid compositions which comprises (A) at least one fluorine-containing hydrocarbon containing one to three carbon atoms; and a lubricant comprising (B) at least one carboxylic ester of (I) a polyhydroxy compound, and (II) a combination of (a) a monocarboxylic acylating agent having four or five carbon atoms, (b) a monocarboxylic acylating agent having from about 7 to about 15 carbon atoms and (c) a polycarboxylic acylating agent. In another aspect of the invention, the liquid compositions consist essentially of (A) at least one fluorine-containing hydrocarbon, and (B) at least one ester of (I) at least one polyhydroxy compound described herein and (II) at least one combination of carboxylic acylating agents as described herein. The lubricant may additionally contain (C) an additive selected from the group consisting of an alkyl phosphite, an alkyl phosphonic acid ester, a nitrogen-containing heterocycle, and a mixture thereof. Liquid compositions also are described wherein the fluorine containing hydrocarbons also contain other halogen such as chlorine. The liquid compositions are useful particularly as refrigeration liquids in refrigerators and air-conditioners including automotive, home and industrial air-conditioners.
Abstract:
본 발명은 (A) 유기금속 착물 및 (B) 항산화제의 혼합물에 관한 것이다. 이들 혼합물은 배기 장치 미립자 트랩이 장치된 디이젤 엔진 작동용 디이젤 연료에 사용될 수 있다. (A) 및 (B)의 혼합물은 트랩에 수집된 배기 입자의 점화 온도를 낮추는데 유용하다. 이 유기금속 착물(A)는 디이젤 연료에 용해되거나 안정하게 분사되며 (i) 탄화수소 결합에 부착된 적어도 두개의 관능기를 함유하는 유기 화합물, 및 (ii) 유기 화합물 (i)와 착물을 형성할 수 있는 금속 반응물로부터 유래되고, 상기 금속은 배기 입자의 점화 온도를 낮출 수 있는 임의 금속이다. 상기 관능기는 =X, -XR, -NR 2 , =NO 2 , =NR, =NXR, =NR -XR, α,β, , -CN, -N=NR 및 -N-CR 2 를 포함하며; 이때 X는 0 또는 S이고, R은 H 또는 히드로카르빌이고, R 은 히드로카르빌렌 또는 히드로카르빌리덴이고 a는 숫자(예컨대, 0 내지 약 10)이다. 유용한 금속은 Na, K, Mg, Ca, Sr, Ba, V, Cr, Fe, Co, Cu, Zn, Pb, Sb, 및 둘 이상의 그의 혼합물을 포함한다. 또한 본 발명은 농축물 및 디이젤 연료, 및 배기 장치 미립자 트랩이 장치된 디이젤 엔진을 작동하는 방법에 관한 것이다.