Abstract:
Preparation of polyisobutylene whose content of terminal double bonds is more than 50% via polymerization of isobutene using a polymerization catalyst conventional for this purpose, from an industrial C4 hydrocarbon stream which comprises 1-butene, 2-butene and isobutene and which can comprise up to 3000 ppm by weight of 1,3-butadiene, by reducing the content of oxygenates in the C4 hydrocarbon stream, prior to polymerization of the isobutene, via contact with an inorganic adsorbent at a pressure of from 1 to 20 bar and at a temperature of from 20 to 220°C.
Abstract:
The invention relates to a cylindrical reactor (1) having a vertical longitudinal axis for continuous hydroformylation of a C6-C20 olefin or a mixture of C6-C20 olefins with synthesis gas in the presence of a homogeneously dissolved metal-carbonyl complex catalyst, - comprising a plurality of field tubes (2) oriented parallel to the longitudinal axis of the reactor (1) and welded in a tube base at the upper end of the reactor (1), - comprising a circulation tube (3) that is open at both ends, which surrounds the field tubes (2) and protrudes over same at the lower end thereof, - comprising a jet nozzle (4) at the base of the reactor (1) for injecting the educt mixture containing the C6-C20 olefin, the synthesis gas and the metal-carbonyl complex catalyst, wherein - the field tubes (2) are designed in terms of the number and dimensions thereof such that - the total heat exchange surface thereof with respect to the internal volume of the reactor is in the range of 1 m2/m3 to 11 m2/m3 and - the cross-sectional surface area occupied by the field tubes (2) in relation to the cross-sectional area of the circulation tube (3) is in the range of 0.03 m2/m2 to 0.30 m2/m2,- a gas distributor ring (5) is provided at the lower end of the circulation tube (3), on the inner wall thereof, by means of which a sub-stream of the synthesis gas can be supplied, and wherein - one or more distributor bases (6) are provided in the circulation tube (3).
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a method for the catalytic aldol condensation of aldehydes, in particular for producing α,β-unsaturated aldehydes, in a multi-phase reactor.
Abstract:
Procedure for manufacturing oligomers by continuous oligomerization of butenes, characterized in that a) an initial stream is used which contains 1-butene and 2-butene at a total concentration of 10 to 70 wt% and 10 to 60 wt% of iso-butane (called initial stream 1 hereafter), b) said initial stream 1 is converted until more than 60 wt% of the 1-butene contained in initial stream 1, but less than 50 wt% of the 2-butene contained in initial stream 1, are converted into oligomers, c) the oligomers obtained in b) are separated and optionally fed to further processing, and the remaining stream is fed to a distillation processing step, d) iso-butane is separated by distillation from the remaining steam, e) the iso-butane-depleted stream (called initial stream 2 hereafter) obtained after the distillation processing step d) is converted into oligomers.
Abstract:
The invention relates to the hydroformylation of olefins having 6 to 20 carbon atoms in the presence of a cobalt catalyst in the presence of an aqueous phase being mixed in a reactor, wherein a first current containing hydroformylation products is drawn on the head of the reactor and a second current containing an aqueous phase is drawn from the sump of the reactor. The flow rate of the second current is controlled according to a temperature which is measured at a location in the sump of the reactor or in a line leading out of the sump. The yield of raw hydroformylation product is increased as a consequence of stable continuous operation.