Abstract:
A method and device are presented for measuring the electrical properties of a specimen. The specimen is excited with high energy radiation to cause emission of internal charged particles from the specimen. Electrical power is supplied to a circuit, that is formed by the specimen and any added component connected to a back contact of the specimen. The electric power supply includes at least one of the following: irradiating the circuit with low energy charged particles; subjecting the circuit to an external field of the kind affecting the flux of emitted internal charged particles, and supplying a bias voltage to the back contact of the specimen. During the power supply to the specimen, at least one of the following is carried out: an electric current through the specimen is measured, and the emitted charged particles are analyzed versus their energy (using a contactless voltmeter) which provides local potential values at chemical entities of the specimen. This technique enables determination of rich, chemically resolved, electrical properties of a specimen, such as I-V characteristic, and/or evaluation of a work function characteristic, and/or characterization of electric leakage or breakdown conditions of the sample, and/or characterization of accumulation of charge within at least one region of the sample, and/or chemically resolved photovoltaic characteristics (photovoltage and/or photocurrent) of the sample.
Abstract:
A method and system(10) are presented for producing exciting radiation (P’) to be used in producing an output coherent anti-stokes Raman scattering (CARS) signal of a medium (12). An input spectral phase coherent optical pulse (P), carrying a pump, a Stokes and a probe photon, is optically processed by adjusting spectral phase and polarization of wavelength components of the input pulse to produce a unitary optical exciting pulse (P’) that carries the pump photon, the Stokes photon and multiple probe photons and is capable of inducing interference between contributions from at least some of vibrational levels in the CARS signal.
Abstract:
A novel pyroelectric compound is presented. The compound is inorganic, quasi-amorphous oxide compound of a metal, mixture of metals or semiconducting element.
Abstract:
A nanoscopic structure is provided, presenting a paramagnetic and spin selective material for spintronics. The structure comprises organic molecules absorbed on and extending from a surface of an electrically conductive film, wherein said organic molecules contain a binding group forming a chemical bond to said surface and form a self-assembled monolayer on said surface.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a dye-sensitized photovoltaic device. The dye-sensitized photovoltaic device comprises a redox electrolyte and a semiconductor electrode structure placed in interaction with (e.g. immersed in) the redox electrolyte. The semiconductor electrode structure comprises an electrode carrying a quantum dots (QDs) containing structure embedded therein and comprises on its outer surface an overcoating formed by dye molecules on its outer surface. The QDs containing structure is thus embedded in the electrode and is therefore insulated from the electrolyte.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a novel solar steam generator comprising a solar steam boiler compartment carrying water surrounding an internal superheater compartment. The boiler compartment is exposed to a first concentrated solar radiation. The boiler compartment is configured and operable to heat water to saturated temperatures and generate saturated steam. The boiler compartment operates as an integrated cavity enclosing the superheater compartment, reducing the thermal losses of the superheater compartment to the outside environment and absorbs most of the thermal losses of the superheater compartment. The internal superheater compartment is exposed to a second concentrated solar radiation and is configured and operable to superheat the saturated steam generated in the boiler compartment. The boiler compartment and the superheater compartment are thus arranged one with respect to the other such that the boiler compartment surrounds the internal superheater compartment.
Abstract:
The present invention discloses a method for producing a polar crystal phase of a substance comprising: interacting a solution containing the substance material with a surface of a film having pyroelectric properties, for a certain period of time predefined to be sufficient to induce nucleation of at least one crystal of the substance material; applying a temperature change to the film enabling creation of an electric charge on the surface of the film, thereby creating a local electric field in the vicinity of the surface of the film, the electric field affecting the at least one crystal formed at the surface of the film to become oriented in accordance with the film surface, leading to the formation of the polar crystal.
Abstract:
Fullerene-like (IF) nanostructures of the formula A1-x-Bx-chalcognide are described. A being a metal or transition metal or an alloy of metals and/or transition metals, B being a metal or transition metal B different from that of A and x being ? 0.3. A process for their manufacture and their use for modifying the electronic character of A-chalcognide are described.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for obtaining fullerene-like metal chalcogenide nanoparticles, comprising feeding a metal precursor selected from metal halide, metal carbonyl, organo-metallic compound and metal oxyhalide vapor into a reaction chamber towards a reaction zone to interact with a flow of at least one chalcogen material in gas phase, the temperature conditions in said reaction zone being such to enable the formation of the fullerene-like metal chalcogenide nanoparticles product. The present invention further provides novel IF metal chalcogenides nanoparticles with spherical shape and optionally having a very small or no hollow core exhibiting excellent tribological behaviour. The present invention further provides an apparatus for preparing various IF nanostructures.
Abstract:
A resonator cavity and method and presented. The resonator cavity comprises at least one gain medium and end reflectors which define together longitudinal modes of light in the cavity, and further comprises an intra-cavity beam coupler assembly. The beam coupler assembly is configured to split light impinging thereon into a predetermined number of spatially separated light channels, and to cause phase locking and at least partial coherent combining of the light channels, having common longitudinal and transverse modes, in a double pass through the beam coupler assembly. The resonator cavity is configured and operable to produce at least one output combined light channel of a predetermined intensity profile.