Abstract:
2-Penem-3-carboxylic acid compounds of the formula ##STR1## in which R.sub.1 represents hydrogen, an organic radical bonded by a carbon atom to the ring carbon atom or an etherified mercapto group andR.sub.2 represents hydroxy or a radical R.sub.2.sup.A forming together with the carbonyl grouping --C(.dbd.O)--a protected carboxyl group,1-oxides thereof, as well as salts of such compounds having salt-forming groups, in racemic and optically active form, processes for their preparation, pharmaceutical compositions containing such compounds, and their use as antibiotics, and intermediates and their processes which are useful in the production of the compounds of the formula I.
Abstract:
A process for the production of benzaldehydes which are substituted in the ortho-position by an electrophilic group R, which comprises brominating an ortho-substituted compound of the formula I ##STR1## in which R represents the nitro group, the cyano group, an alkoxy group of 1 to 8 carbon atoms or a halogen atom, under irradiation with visible light in an inert solvent, to give the bromide of the formula II ##STR2## converting the resulting bromide by treatment with an alkali bromide in an inert solvent into a styrene compound of the formula III ##STR3## and ozonising this latter compound in an inert solvent to give the compound of the formula IV ##STR4##
Abstract:
The present invention provides a process for the production of unsubstituted or substituted o-phthalaldehydes by hydrolysis of .alpha.,.alpha., .alpha.',.alpha.'-tetrahalogeno-o-xylenes with a carboxylate in an aqueous medium in the presence of a phase transfer catalyst and an organic base.