公开(公告)号：WO1995030917A1

公开(公告)日：1995-11-16

申请号：PCT/US1995005899

申请日：1995-05-10

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  FAN, Shanhui ,  VILLENEUVE, Pierre, R. ,  MEADE, Robert, D. ,  JOANNOPOULOS, John, D.

IPC: G02B06/12

CPC classification number: H01Q15/006 ,  B82Y20/00 ,  G02B6/1225

Abstract: A periodic dielectric structure and method of fabricating same, the structure having a three-dimensional photonic bandgap. The structure includes a plurality of layers, at least one layer having a stratum of a first material having a first dielectric constant and a plurality of parallel grooves along a first axis lying in the plane of the layer, the grooves including a second material having a second dielectric constant; and a plurality of parallel channels formed through the plurality of layers in a second axis orthogonal to the plane of the layers, the channels being adapted to comprise a third material having a third dielectric constant, thereby resulting in the structure having three-dimensional periodicity. In preferred embodiments, the second and third materials include air.

Abstract translation: 周期性电介质结构及其制造方法，该结构具有三维光子带隙。 所述结构包括多个层，至少一个层具有第一材料的层和具有第一介电常数的层，以及沿着位于所述层的平面中的第一轴的多个平行凹槽，所述凹槽包括具有第二材料的第二材料， 第二介电常数; 以及在与所述层的平面垂直的第二轴上穿过所述多个层形成的多个平行通道，所述通道适于包括具有第三介电常数的第三材料，从而导致所述结构具有三维周期性。 在优选实施例中，第二和第三材料包括空气。

公开(公告)号：WO1995019575A1

公开(公告)日：1995-07-20

申请号：PCT/US1995000404

申请日：1995-01-12

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  WOSKOV, Paul, P. ,  COHN, Daniel, R. ,  TITUS, Charles ,  WITTLE, J., Kenneth ,  SURMA, Jeffrey, E.

IPC: G01R29/08

CPC classification number: G01K17/003 ,  G01J5/522 ,  G01K11/006 ,  G01K11/12

Abstract: Radiometer with a probe beam superimposed on its field-of-view for furnace temperature measurements. The radiometer includes a heterodyne millimeter/sub-millimeter-wave receiver including a millimeter/submillimeter-wave source for probing. The receiver is adapted to receive radiation from a surface whose temperature is to be measured. The radiation includes a surface emission portion and a surface reflection portion which includes the probe beam energy reflected from the surface. The surface emission portion is related to the surface temperature and the surface reflection portion is related to the emissivity of the surface. The simultaneous measurement of surface emissivity serves as a real time calibration of the temperature measurement.

Abstract translation: 具有叠加在其视野上的探测光束的辐射计用于炉温测量。 辐射计包括外差毫米/亚毫米波接收器，其包括用于探测的毫米/亚毫米波源。 接收器适于接收来自待测温度的表面的辐射。 辐射包括表面发射部分和包括从表面反射的探测光束能量的表面反射部分。 表面发射部分与表面温度有关，表面反射部分与表面的发射率有关。 表面发射率的同时测量可作为温度测量的实时校准。

公开(公告)号：WO1995017021A1

公开(公告)日：1995-06-22

申请号：PCT/US1994007787

申请日：1994-07-11

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  BROMBERG, Leslie ,  COHN, Daniel ,  RABINOVICH, Alexander

IPC: H01M08/06

CPC classification number: H01M16/006 ,  B01J19/088 ,  B60K1/04 ,  B60K8/00 ,  C01B3/24 ,  C01B2203/0255 ,  C01B2203/049 ,  C01B2203/066 ,  C01B2203/0861 ,  C01B2203/142 ,  C01B2203/146 ,  F02B3/06 ,  H01M8/0606 ,  H01M8/0612 ,  H01M2008/1293 ,  H01M2008/147 ,  H01M2250/20 ,  H01M2300/0051 ,  H01M2300/0074 ,  H01M2300/0082 ,  Y02E60/525 ,  Y02E60/526 ,  Y02T90/32

Abstract: A plasmatron for generating hydrogen rich gas from hydrocarbon fuel is connected to deliver the hydrogen rich gas to a fuel cell. The fuel cell generates electricity, a small portion of the generated electricity being supplied to the plasmatron to sustain its operation. Embodiments include both vehicular applications and decentralized power generating stations. The plasmatron may be either a water plasmatron or a water free plasmatron. Suitable fuels for the plasmatron to reform include gasoline, diesel fuel, natural gas, JP4, and biomass derived fuels. The plasmatron supplies hydrogen rich gas or other molecular species to fuel cells of conventionally known designs. The overall efficiency of the plasmatron/fuel cell system can be as high as 48 %.

Abstract translation: 用于从烃燃料产生富氢气体的等离子体连接以将富氢气体输送到燃料电池。 燃料电池产生电力，所产生的电力的一小部分被供应给等离子体以维持其操作。 实施例包括车辆应用和分散发电站。 等离子体可以是水等离子体或无水等离子体。 用于等离子体改造的合适燃料包括汽油，柴油，天然气，JP4和生物质衍生燃料。 等离子体系将富氢气体或其他分子物质提供给常规已知设计的燃料电池。 等离子体/燃料电池系统的整体效率可高达48％。

公开(公告)号：WO1995012480A1

公开(公告)日：1995-05-11

申请号：PCT/US1994012571

申请日：1994-11-03

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  ROTHSCHILD, Mordechai ,  FORTE, Anthony

IPC: B29C37/00

CPC classification number: G02B6/1245 ,  B05D5/00 ,  B29C35/08 ,  B29C41/12 ,  B29C70/74 ,  B29D11/00278 ,  B29L2011/0016 ,  G02B6/1221

Abstract: A method is provided for fabricating smoothly-curved microstructures (12, 14, 16) such as microlenses on a substrate (18) and certain unique microstructures (12, 14, 16) and microstructure arrays (10) obtained through use of such techniques are also provided. The substrate (18) may be smoothly-curved and the bases of the microstructures (12, 14, 16) may have a variety of shapes. The method takes advantage of the surface tension of a liquid to form droplets having a desired shape over high surface energy portions or area of the substrate, which substrate has been previously patterned to have areas with surface energies which are above and below, respectively, the surface tension of a liquid deposited to form the droplets. The formed droplets may then be cured to create the desired microstructures.

Abstract translation: 提供了一种用于在基板（18）上制造平滑弯曲的微结构（例如微透镜）（例如微透镜）的方法，并且通过使用这些技术获得的某些独特微结构（12,14,16）和微结构阵列（10） 也提供。 基板（18）可以平滑地弯曲，并且微结构（12,14,16）的基部可以具有各种形状。 该方法利用液体的表面张力，在衬底的高表面能部分或区域上形成具有所需形状的液滴，该衬底预先被图案化以具有表面能分别位于上方和下方的面积 沉积的液体的表面张力形成液滴。 然后可以将形成的液滴固化以产生所需的微结构。

公开(公告)号：WO1995004163A1

公开(公告)日：1995-02-09

申请号：PCT/US1994008217

申请日：1994-07-22

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  DUNAND, David, C. ,  BEDELL, Cynthia, M.

IPC: C21D08/00

CPC classification number: C22C1/1094 ,  C21D8/00 ,  C21D2201/02 ,  C21D2251/00 ,  H01F1/03 ,  Y10S72/709 ,  Y10S420/902

Abstract: A method for inducing superplasticity in a composite including a non-transforming phase and a transforming phase by cycling the composite material through a phase transformation of the transforming phase while applying an external stress to the composite material is provided as is a method for inducing superplasticity in a titanium/titanium carbide composite. Also provided is a method for forming a part from a composite material including a transforming phase and a non-transforming phase by cycling the composite through a phase transformation of the transforming phase and shaping the composite material by applying an external stress to the composite material while the transforming phase is undergoing a phase transformation to form a finished article.

Abstract translation: 提供了通过在复合材料施加外部应力的同时使复合材料通过相变而使复合材料包含非变形相和转变相的诱导超塑性的方法，该方法是引入超塑性的方法 钛/碳化钛复合材料。 还提供了一种通过使复合材料通过转化相的相变循环使复合材料通过向复合材料施加外部应力而使复合材料成形而从包含转化相和非转变相的复合材料形成部件的方法，同时 转化阶段正在进行相变以形成成品。

公开(公告)号：WO1994028175A1

公开(公告)日：1994-12-08

申请号：PCT/US1994005901

申请日：1994-05-25

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  SCHALLING, Martin ,  HUDSON, Thomas, J. ,  HOUSMAN, David, E.

IPC: C12Q01/68

CPC classification number: C12Q1/6883 ,  C12Q1/6827 ,  C12Q1/6862 ,  C12Q2600/156 ,  C12Q2600/16

Abstract: Methods of detecting expanded nucleotide repeats in genomic DNA in a biological sample are disclosed and methods for the diagnosis of pathological and potentially pathological conditions in an individual based on the detection of the presence of expanded nucleotide repeats.

Abstract translation: 公开了检测生物样品中基因组DNA中扩增的核苷酸重复序列的方法，以及基于检测扩增的核苷酸重复序列的存在来诊断个体病理和潜在病理状况的方法。

公开(公告)号：WO1994021407A1

公开(公告)日：1994-09-29

申请号：PCT/US1994001945

申请日：1994-02-17

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  MORTENSEN, Andreas ,  DUNAND, David, C.

IPC: B22F03/00

CPC classification number: B22F3/26 ,  B22D19/14 ,  C04B35/573 ,  C04B35/652 ,  C22C1/0491 ,  C22C1/1036 ,  C22C2001/1057 ,  Y10S264/30

Abstract: A method for producing an article including a refractory compound by infiltrating a preform (10) with a liquid infiltrant (18) and initiating a reaction between the preform and the liquid infiltrant to establish a reaction front (20) which propagates in a direction opposite to the direction of flow of the liquid infiltrant (22) is provided, as are the articles prepared according to this method.

Abstract translation: 一种通过用液体渗透剂（18）浸渗预成型体（10）并引发预成型体和液体渗透剂之间的反应来制造包含难熔化合物的制品的方法，以建立反应前沿（20），其沿与...相反的方向传播 提供液体渗透剂（22）的流动方向，以及根据该方法制备的物品。

公开(公告)号：WO1994021351A1

公开(公告)日：1994-09-29

申请号：PCT/US1994002922

申请日：1994-03-17

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  FLYTZANI-STEPHANOPOULOS, Maria

IPC: B01D35/01

CPC classification number: B01D46/2474 ,  B01D39/2068 ,  B01D46/2425 ,  B01D46/2429 ,  B01D46/2455 ,  B01D46/2466 ,  B01D46/543 ,  B01D53/508 ,  B01D53/74 ,  B01D53/8631 ,  B01D69/12 ,  B01D2046/2433 ,  B01D2046/2437 ,  B01D2267/40 ,  B01D2275/10

Abstract: A filter for multiphase cleanup of gas streams, in particular flue gas streams, includes filter wall composites comprising a bulk macroporous support (40) having a microporous membrane (42) on one side and a chemically-active deposit (50) on the opposite side. The bulk macroporous support has a surface area of less than 5.0 m /g, a compressive crush strength of between about 1.0 lb/mm to about 10.0 lb/mm, and a thickness of between about 1.0 mm to about 3.0 mm. The microporous membrane and the chemically active deposit have thicknesses of less than about 100.0 microns and less than about 10.0 mm, respectively. The process of multiphase cleanup of gas streams includes passing a gas stream, comprising particulate pollutants (16) and gaseous pollutants, through a filter having composite walls formed of a bulk macroporous support having a microporous membrane on one side, and a chemically-active deposit on the opposite side.

Abstract translation: 用于气流，特别是烟道气流的多相净化的过滤器包括过滤壁复合材料，其包括在一侧具有微孔膜（42）的体积大孔载体（40）和位于相对侧的化学活性沉积物（50） 。 体积大孔载体的表面积小于5.0m 2 / g，压缩抗压强度在约1.0lb / mm至约10.0lb / mm 2之间，厚度在约1.0mm至约3.0mm之间。 微孔膜和化学活性沉积物的厚度分别小于约100.0微米且小于约10.0毫米。 气流的多相清洗过程包括使包含颗粒状污染物（16）和气体污染物的气流通过具有由一面上具有微孔膜的主体大孔载体和化学活性沉积物形成的复合壁的过滤器 在对面

公开(公告)号：WO1994019742A1

公开(公告)日：1994-09-01

申请号：PCT/US1994002131

申请日：1994-02-25

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  MALONE, Thomas, W. ,  CROWSTON, Kevin ,  LEE, Jintae ,  PENTLAND, Brian ,  DELLAROCAS, Chrysanthos

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

IPC: G06F09/44

CPC classification number: G06F8/24 ,  A23K10/18 ,  A23K30/00 ,  A23K40/00 ,  A23K50/00 ,  A23K50/40 ,  A23K50/50 ,  A23K50/70 ,  A23L25/30 ,  A23L33/105 ,  A23V2002/00 ,  G06Q10/10 ,  Y10S707/944 ,  Y10S707/99932 ,  Y10S707/99933 ,  Y10S707/99934 ,  Y10S707/99937 ,  Y10S707/99945 ,  Y10S715/968 ,  A23V2250/21 ,  A23V2250/218

Abstract: A computerized handbook of processes includes a memory in which representations of a plurality of processes are stored. A representation for a process includes indications of processes into which the process is decomposed. At least one of the plurality of processes is a specialization of another one of the plurality of processes, and the representation of the specialization is such that the specialization inherits characteristics from the other process. The handbook also includes a display system including a display. Specializations of a process are accessed from the memory and displayed on the display. A decomposition of a process is also accessed and displayed on the display. The accessing and displaying of decompositions and specializations are provided upon user selection.

Abstract translation: 计算机化的手册包括存储多个处理的表示的存储器。 过程的表示包括过程分解过程的指示。 多个处理中的至少一个是多个进程中的另一个进程的专业化，专业化的表示使得专业化从另一个进程继承特征。 该手册还包括包括显示器的显示系统。 从存储器访问进程的特殊化并显示在显示器上。 过程的分解也被访问并显示在显示器上。 在用户选择时提供分解和专业化的访问和显示。

公开(公告)号：WO1994014260A1

公开(公告)日：1994-06-23

申请号：PCT/US1993010837

申请日：1993-11-10

Applicant: MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY

Inventor： MASSACHUSETTS INSTITUTE OF TECHNOLOGY ,  CUOMO, Kevin, M. ,  OPPENHEIM, Alan, V.

IPC: H04L09/00

CPC classification number: H04L27/001 ,  H04K1/025

Abstract: A chaotic transmitter (100) operates according to preselected chaotic protocols, such as a set of Lorenz equations. Modulation is accomplished by modifying a predetermined parameter of the set of chaotic Lorenz equations with a message signal, thereby producing a spread spectrum chaotic transmitted signal. A corresponding receiver (200) reconstructs a synchronizing drive signal, which is used by a demodulator (412) of the receiver (200) to detect the message signal.

Abstract translation: 混沌发射机（100）根据预选的混沌协议（例如一组洛伦兹方程）进行操作。 通过用消息信号修改该组混沌洛伦兹方程组的预定参数来实现调制，由此产生扩频混沌发射信号。 对应的接收机（200）重构由接收器（200）的解调器（412）使用以检测消息信号的同步驱动信号。