Abstract:
Aromatic compounds such as o-xylene are selectively nitrated by nitric acid in the presence of polyphosphoric acid and a large pore, acidic zeolite or a large pore, hydrophobic molecular sieve. This is an environmentally friendly, commercially viable, high conversion process for the selective nitration of aromatic compounds in the para position.
Abstract:
Provided is a process for making nitrated hydrocarbons by reacting aqueous nitric acid with a hydrocarbon feedstock and a carboxylic acid under specific reaction conditions.
Abstract:
Disclosed are a process and an apparatus for synthesizing nitroalkanes by reaction of a hydrocarbon feedstock with aqueous nitric acid. By using an isothermal reactor with multiple input ports for aqueous nitric acid, a hydrocarbon feedstock may be sequentially exposed to a plurality of flows of aqueous nitric acid as it flows through the reactor.
Abstract:
According to the present invention, a chemical installation is provided. The chemical installation comprises A first unit for providing a first aqueous waste stream comprising nitrobenzene; At least a second unit for providing a second aqueous waste stream comprising aniline. The chemical installation comprises an aniline cleaning apparatus for removing nitrobenzene from aniline, and further comprising a stripping column for stripping aniline from an aqueous stream. The first and second aqueous waste stream are provided to the stripping column, stripping aniline and nitrobenzene from the first and the aqueous waste stream, and the stripped aniline and nitrobenzene is provided to the aniline cleaning apparatus.
Abstract:
Provided is a process for the formation of nitrated compounds by the nitration of hydrocarbon compounds with dilute nitric acid. Also provided are processes for preparing industrially useful downstream derivatives of the nitrated compounds, as well as novel nitrated compounds and derivatives, and methods of using the derivatives in various applications.
Abstract:
A method for producing nitrobenzene is disclosed which comprises forming a dispersion comprising benzene-containing droplets or particles dispersed in a mixture of concentrated nitric acid and concentrated sulfuric acid, wherein said particles have a mean diameter less than one micron, and subjecting the dispersion to reaction conditions comprising a pressure in the range of about 203 kPa (2 atm) to about 6080 kPa (60 atm) and a temperature in the range of about 20°C to about 230°C, whereby at least a portion of said benzene is nitrated to form nitrobenzene. A system for carrying out the method is also disclosed.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of compounds of formula (I) wherein X, Q, R 1 , R 1a and R 2 are as defined in the specification, the compounds being useful in the preparation of therapeutic agents.
Abstract:
The present invention relates to a novel process for the preparation of compounds of Formula (I) wherein X, Q, R 1 and R 2 are as defined in the specification, the compounds being useful in the preparation of therapeutic agents. The invention further relates to novel intermediates useful in the preparation of the therapeutic agents.
Abstract:
Provided are methods for the synthesis of heterocyclic compounds such as benzimidazole carboxylic acid core structures having Formula Ia-1 and their synthetic intermediates: wherein Z, X 1 , X 2 , X 5 , R 2 and R 10 are as defined herein. Compounds of Formula Ia-1 and their synthetic intermediates can be used to prepare heterocyclic derivatives such as benzimidazole derivatives.
Abstract:
Gegenstand der Erfindung ist ein Verfahren zur Herstellung von Dinitrotoluol, umfassend die Schritte a) Umsetzung von Toluol mit Salpetersäure in Anwesenheit von Schwefelsäure zu Mononitrotoluol b) Trennung des Reaktionsprodukts aus Schritt a) in eine Mononitrotoluol enthaltende organische Phase und eine Schwefelsäure enthaltende wässrige Phase, c) Umsetzung der Mononitrotoluol enthaltenden organischen Phase mit Salpeter-säure in Anwesenheit von Schwefelsäure zu Dinitrotoluol, d) Trennung des Reaktionsprodukts aus Schritt c) in eine Dinitrotoluol enthaltende organische Phase und eine Schwefelsäure enthaltende wässrige Phase, wobei das Reaktionsprodukt aus Schritt a) einen Gehalt an Toluol von 3,0 bis 8 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die organische Phase, und einen Gehalt an Salpetersäure von 0,1 bis 1,2 Gew.-%, bezogen auf die wässrige Phase, aufweist und die Phasen-trennung in Schritt b) so erfolgt, dass eine Weiterreaktion des Toluols mit der Salpetersäure verhindert wird.