Abstract:
A charge electrode configured to impart a time-varying majority charge on a flame and a shape electrode located outside the flame may be driven synchronously by a voltage source through time varying voltage(s). The flame may be flattened or compressed responsive to an electric field produced by the shape electrode acting on the charges imparted on the flame.
Abstract:
A combustion system may include a plurality of heated volume portions. At least two of the plurality of heated volume portions may include corresponding respective electrodes. The electrodes may be driven to produce respective electric fields in their respective volumes. The electric fields may be configured to drive desired respective responses.
Abstract:
A combustion system includes a fuel distributor configured to output a fuel, an oxidant source configured to output an oxidant, and a mixing tube defining a mixing volume aligned to receive the fuel and oxidant. The mixing tube is shaped to convey the fuel and the oxidant through the mixing volume at a bulk velocity higher than a flame propagation speed. The combustion system includes a flame holder aligned to receive the mixed fuel and oxidant and to support a combustion reaction of the fuel and the oxidant.
Abstract:
A combustion system includes a perforated flame holder, a preheating fuel distributor, a main fuel distributor, an oxidant source, an array of sensors, and a controller. The oxidant source outputs an oxidant. The preheating fuel distributor supports a preheating flame configured to preheat the perforated flame holder by outputting a preheating fuel when the combustion system is in a preheating state. The main fuel source outputs a main fuel in the standard operating state. The perforated flame holder is configured to support a combustion reaction of the main fuel and the oxidant in the standard operating state. The sensors are configured to sense parameters of the preheating flame and the perforated flame holder and to output sensor signals to the controller. The controller executes software instructions that include adjusting the flow of the main fuel, the preheating fuel, and the oxidant responsive to the sensor signals.
Abstract:
A combustion system includes a fuel distributor configured to output a fuel, an oxidant source configured to output an oxidant, and a mixing tube defining a mixing volume aligned to receive the fuel and oxidant. The mixing tube is shaped to convey the fuel and oxidant through the mixing volume at a bulk velocity higher than a flame propagation speed. The combustion system includes a perforated flame holder aligned to receive the mixed fuel and oxidant and to support a combustion reaction of the fuel and oxidant.
Abstract:
A combustion system supports a swirl-stabilized preheating flame with a preheating fuel and an oxidant. The combustion system preheats a perforated flame holder with the preheating flame. After the perforated flame holder has been preheated to the threshold temperature, the combustion system outputs a primary fuel. The perforated flame holder receives a mixture of the primary fuel and the oxidant supports a combustion reaction of the primary fuel and the oxidant.
Abstract:
A combustion system includes a perforated flame holder and a plurality of bluff body members positioned between the perforated flame holder and a fuel source. The fuel source outputs a fuel stream through gaps between the bluff body members toward the perforated flame holder. The perforated flame holder and the bluff body members collectively hold a combustion reaction supported by the fuel stream.
Abstract:
A furnace includes a perforated flame holder formed from an array of tiles. The perforated flame holder is stabilized by a support member extending between at least adjacent tiles. Elongated support members may be positioned to extend through each of the tiles in a respective column of the array of tiles.
Abstract:
Embodiments disclosed herein are directed to methods of upgrading a conventional combustion system into an upgraded combustion system that includes a perforated flame holder. For example, the perforated flame holder may improve operational efficiency of the combustion system and/or reduce pollutants such as NO x output by the upgraded combustion system.
Abstract:
A system for electrically controlling a combustion flame may include a burner configured to generate the combustionflame. The combustion flame includes a resistance and a capacitance. The system may include an ionizer positioned proximate to the burner to supply ions of a first polarity to the combustion flame to charge the capacitance of the combustion flame to one or more voltage levels. The system may include a power supply coupled to the ionizer and configured to provide an output voltage signal of the first polarity to the ionizer to excite the ionizer to supply the ions of the first polarity to the combustion flame. The power supply may include a transformer and an output dampener operatively coupled in parallel to the transformer. The output dampener can suppress a second polarity of the output voltage signal to limit delivery of ions of the second polarity to the combustion flame by the ionizer.