Abstract:
A patch antenna (200) comprises a patch (202) optionally surrounded by a top ground plane (204), a feed line (210) disposed beneath the patch (202) and separated therefrom by a thin substrate (206), a middle ground plane (212) separated from the feed line (210) by another thin substrate (208), and a bottom ground plane (218) disposed beneath the middle ground plane (212) and preferably separated therefrom by foam or another lightweight dielectric layer (214). Conductive vias (216) run between the top ground plane (204) and the middle ground (212) plane and vias (222) also run from the middle ground plane (212) to the bottom ground plane (218). The middle ground plane (212) is essentially annular, defining an opening (220) in the middle thereof, such that there is a dielectric cavity (224) beneath the patch (202) and the feed line (210) in a space defined by the bottom ground plane (218), the middle ground plane (212) and the vias (222) that run between the middle ground plane (212) and the bottom ground plane (218). This cavity (224) can be filled with low cost, low weight foam, rather than heavier, more costly conventional substrates.
Abstract:
An electromagnetic wave transmitter system includes a receiver (35) and a transmitter (40). A baseband processor (10) receives a signal transmission and converts the signal into amplitude (f) and phase (e) polar components. Each component is then processed; the phase component (e) is processed through a wideband phase modulator (70), and the amplitude component (f) is processed through a wideband amplitude modulator (60), both processed components are then recombined for further processing or transmission.
Abstract:
A system, apparatus, method and article to emulate a filter are described. The apparatus may include a digital-to-analog converter (504-1,...504-n) having an impulse response emulator(504-1,...504-n), the impulse response emulator (504-1,...504-n) to receive multiple digital signals each having a predetermined waveform, and convert a sequence of bits from each digital signal to a predetermined analog waveform corresponding to the sequence of bits. The impulse response emulator (510, 710) can include a bit path for each digital signal, with each bit path to include a control logic (504-1,...504-n) and a multiplexer (506-1,...506-n), said multiplexer (506-1,...506-n)to output said predetermined analog waveform using control information from said control logic (504-1,... 504-n).
Abstract:
The invention relates to a system for processing an electromagnetic input signal in which processing circuitry may be used to produce a bounded phase signal, such as by calculating an n-bit 2's compliment number in the range of [-1, 1] from phase sample information for an input wave; and producing an unwrapped phase difference signal from the bound phase signal, such as by taking a 2's compliment subtraction using another wrapped phase signal from previous phase sample information. A corrected phase signal may also be used by taking a 2's complement addition using the bounded phase signal, wherein the unwrapped phase difference signal is produced using the corrected phase signal.
Abstract:
A dual-band full duplex mobile radio (20, 80) is provided that includes a transmit portion (94) including a dual-band filter (30) and a receive portion (102) including a dual-band filter (28). The dual-band full duplex mobile radio (20, 80) further includes a circulator (110) connecting the transmit portion (94) and the receive portion (102) and configured to provide transmit and receive switching.
Abstract:
A dielectric resonator (30) with a longitudinal through hole (34) having a diameter that varies as a function of height of the resonator so as to increase the frequency spacing between the fundamental mode and the spurious modes of the resonator.
Abstract:
An apparatus including an amplitude mapping circuit for converting at least a portion of an amplitude signal to a binary value and a plurality of amplifiers coupled to the amplitude mapping circuit, such that the binary value is transmitted to at least one of the plurality of amplifiers to specify a gain level of the amplifier. The apparatus may be used in a system where an input wave has been divided into amplitude and frequency components.
Abstract:
A radar based sensor detection system comprises a microwave source (10) operative to provide a continuous wave signal at an output. A pulse-former (13) is coupled to the output of the source and is operative to provide at an output a variable length pulse that increases the transmitted energy of the radar system according to the range of object detection. A modulator (16) is coupled to the output of the pulse-former for providing a modulated pulse signal. A transmit receive switch (18) coupled to the output of the modulator is selectively operative between a first transmit position and a second receive position. A transmit channel (25, 26, 30) coupled to the transmit receive switch transmits the pulse signal when the switch is operated in the transmit position. A receiving channel coupled to the transmit receive switch receives the modulator signal when the switch is operated in the receive position. First and second voltage multipliers (44, 45) each have a local oscillator input for receiving the modulator signal in the receive position, and each have an input signal port, and an output port. A receiver channel (40, 41, 31) receives a reflected transmitted signal from an output and applies the received signal to the receive signal input ports of the voltage multipliers. An autocorrelator (47, 55) coupled to the output ports of the voltage multipliers correlates the received signal to produce an output signal indicating the detection and position of the object.
Abstract:
A power amplifier circuit (300) includes a circuit topology with first and second switching elements (310, 320). The first and second switching elements (310, 320) have a closed state and an open state, wherein current flows between the switching elements when they are both in the closed state. The voltage across the first and second switching elements (310, 320) is regulated by a clamping element (330) that sets the connection between the first and second switching elements (310, 320) to a reference voltage when the switching elements are in the off position. The power amplifier (300) may be a switching power amplifier, and the first and second switching elements (310, 320) may be transistors.
Abstract:
A method for determining an open or available channel from a plurality of predetermined channels for communication between a portable unit and a mobile repeater unit operating within the same wireless communication system. After an available channel has been selected, communication between the portable unit and the mobile repeater unit is established on the selected channel, and the selected channel is identified as active to all other portable units and mobile repeater units operating on the system.