Abstract:
A dynamic voltage scaling system for a packet-based data communication transceiver includes a constant voltage supply, a variable voltage supply, and a voltage control unit. The constant voltage supply is configured to supply a constant voltage to at least one parameter-independent function of the transceiver, and the variable voltage supply is configured to supply a variable voltage in accordance with a control signal to at least one parameter-dependent function of the transceiver. Parameter-independent transceiver functions perform operations independent of a predetermined parameter and parameter-dependent transceiver functions perform operations dependent on the predetermined parameter. The voltage control unit is configured to generate the control signal based on information provided by at least one parameter-independent transceiver function about the predetermined parameter.
Abstract:
A method of forming a resist pattern through liquid immersion exposure in which exposure is performed such that a liquid film is formed between a substrate for a semiconductor device on which a processed film is formed and an objective lens arranged above the substrate is provided, and the substrate treated with a water-repellent agent solution composed of at least a water-repellent agent and a solvent is exposed to light.
Abstract:
A first semiconductor element having a junction electrode to be connected to a first node of a bidirectional switch circuit is mounted on a first metal base plate to be a heat dissipation plate, and a second semiconductor element having a junction electrode to be connected to a second node of the bidirectional switch circuit is mounted on a second metal base plate to be a heat dissipation plate. The junction electrode of the first semiconductor element has the same potential as that of the first metal base plate, and the junction electrode of the second semiconductor element has the same potential as that of the second metal base plate. Also, the respective metal base plates and non-junction electrodes of the respective semiconductor elements are connected by metal thin wires, respectively, thereby configuring the bidirectional switch circuit.
Abstract:
A gateway apparatus for performing transfer control of frame data between a plurality of different communication channels is provided with a time stamp unit for adding time stamp information to received frame data and a data discarding unit for determining processing delay of the frame data or abnormality of the apparatus by referring to the time stamp information and for deleting the time stamp information added to the frame data at the time of sending the frame data.
Abstract:
A nonvolatile semiconductor memory device includes a semiconductor substrate (SB) having a principal surface, memory transistors (MT), and selection transistors (ST). Each of the memory transistors (MT) has a floating gate (FG) and a control gate (CG) that are formed by lamination with each other on the principal surface. Each of the selection transistors (ST) has a lower gate layer (G2) and an upper gate layer (G1) that are formed by lamination with each other on the principal surface, and is contained in a memory cell (MC) together with one of the memory transistors (MS). The lower gate layer (G2) is separated for each one of the selection transistors (ST). The upper gate layer (G1) is owned commonly by the selection transistors (ST) and is electrically connected to the lower gate layer (G2) of each of the selection transistors (ST). Therefore, it is possible to prevent short-circuiting of the selection transistors (ST) and the memory transistors (MT).
Abstract:
There is provided a memory card usable with a selected one of a plurality of interfaces. The memory card (100) includes a holder (20), a memory unit (22) buried in the holder (20), a controller (24) buried in the holder (20), a plurality of first contacts (2 to 10) connected to the controller (24), a select signal generator (26) buried in the holder (20) and two second contacts (11, 12) connected to the select signal generator (26). The select signal generator (26) is to supply a select signal S1 to an interface unit (2402) correspondingly to interface select signals D1 and D2 supplied via the second contacts. One of two types of interfaces is selected based on the interface select signal S1 supplied via the second contacts and data communication is made via the selected interface.
Abstract:
A PLL circuit and a radio communication terminal apparatus using the PLL circuit is provided. In the PLL circuit, the number of n pieces of LPFs which have been required is reduced to only one LPF, so that the PLL circuit can reduce a mounting area and the number of pins, and can simplify its design. The PLL circuit according to the present invention comprises a variable-gain phase comparator 1, a mixer 2, an LPF 3, n pieces of VCOs 4-1 to 4n, n pieces of couplers 5-1 to 5-n, and a control circuit 6 for controlling the on/off of the operation of the VCOs. The variable-gain phase comparator 1 is a phase comparator capable of varying a phase difference gain. By the control circuit 6, the on/off of the operation of the VCOs 4-1 to 4n and one of the VCOs 4-1 to 4-n is operated in accordance with a desired operation frequency band; other VCOs are controlled to an off state. The phase difference conversion gain is varied in accordance with the sensitivity of the VCOs 4-1 to 4-n, and thereby, the number of LPF required for the PLL circuit can be reduced to only one.
Abstract:
A card tray to be mounted to a memory card can make the memory card mountable in a card slot for memory cards conforming to standards different from those to which the memory card conforms. The card tray has a main body and a recessed mount section. The recessed mount section is formed such that the holder of a second memory card can be mounted to one of the major surfaces of the main body. A memory-card-mounted body is produced when the second memory card is mounted to the recessed mount section. The card tray is configured such that, when the first memory card is placed on the memory-card-mounted body with the left and right edges thereof aligned with each other, the contact pieces of the first memory card and the contact pieces of the second memory card have longitudinally overlapping parts and transversally overlapping parts as viewed from above.
Abstract:
A throughput during a process of forming a thin film is improved and a thin film of high quality is produced at low cost. For this purpose, a film forming system comprises a chamber 8, a precursory gas supplying line 2 to supply the chamber 8 with precursory gas, a reactive gas supplying line 1 to supply the chamber 8 with reactive gas, and a purge gas supplying line 3 to supply purge gas that purges the precursory gas and the reactive gas, and forms a thin film on a substrate 82 in the chamber 8 by supplying the precursory gas or the reactive gas and purging alternately, and further comprises a middle line 22 having a certain volume that is arranged on a part or all of the precursor supplying line 2 and into which the precursory gas can be filled at a time when the precursory gas is not supplied, and/or a middle line 12 having a certain volume that is arranged on a part or all of the reactive gas supplying line 1 and into which the reactive gas can be filled at a time when the reactive gas is not supplied.
Abstract:
The present invention relates generally to integrated circuit (IC) fabrication processes. The present invention relates more particularly to the treatment of surfaces, such as silicon dioxide or silicon oxynitride layers, for the subsequent deposition of a metal, metal oxide, metal nitride and/or metal carbide layer. The present invention further relates to a high-k gate obtainable by a method of the invention.