Abstract:
Catalytic processes for the conversion of 2,5-dimethyl furan (DMF) to para-xylene are described. Para-xylene is a key product that is currently obtained commercially from petroleum sources. However, it has now been determined that the cycloaddition of ethylene to DMF provides an alternative route to para-xylene. Advantageously, the DMF starting material for the processes may be synthesized from carbohydrates (e.g., glucose or fructose), thereby providing a pathway that relies at least partly, if not completely, on renewable feedstocks.
Abstract:
METHODS (10) FOR DEOXYGENATING TREATED BIOMASS-DERIVED PYROLYSIS OIL (90) ARE PROVIDED. THE TREATED BIOMASS-DERIVED PYROLYSIS OIL IS EXPOSED TO A CATALYST HAVING A NEUTRAL CATALYST SUPPORT SUCH AS A NON-ALUMINA METAL OXIDE SUPPORT, A THETA ALUMINA SUPPORT, OR BOTH. THE NON-ALUMINA METAL OXIDE SUPPORT MAY BE A TITANIUM OXIDE (TiO₂) SUPPORT, A SILICON OXIDE SUPPORT, A ZIRCONIA OXIDE (ZrO₂) SUPPORT, A NIOBIUM OXIDE (Nb₂O₅) SUPPORT, OR A SUPPORT HAVING A MIXTURE OF NON-ALUMINA METAL OXIDES. THE CATALYST MAY INCLUDE A NOBLE METAL OR A GROUP VIII NON-NOBLE METAL AND A GROUP VIB NON-NOBLE METAL ON THE NEUTRAL CATALYST SUPPORT. THE TREATED BIOMASS-DERIVED PYROLYSIS OIL IS INTRODUCED INTO A HYDROPROCESSING REACTOR IN THE PRESENCE OF THE CATALYST UNDER HYDROPROCESSING CONDITIONS TO PRODUCE LOW OXYGEN BIOMASS-DERIVED PYROLYSIS OIL (120). THE MOST ILLUSTRATIVE DRAWING IS
Abstract:
Processes and apparatuses for washing a spent ion exchange bed and for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided herein. An exemplary process for washing a spent ion exchange bed employed in purification of biomass-derived pyrolysis oil includes the step of providing a ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream having an original oxygen content. The ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream is partially hydrotreated to reduce the oxygen content thereof, thereby producing a partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream having a residual oxygen content that is less than the original oxygen content. At least a portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream is passed through the spent ion exchange bed. Water is passed through the spent ion exchange bed after passing at least the portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream therethrough.
Abstract:
Embodiments of methods and catalysts for deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided. The method comprises the step of contacting the biomass-derived pyrolysis oil with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first predetermined hydroprocessing conditions to form a first low-oxygen biomass-derived pyrolysis oil effluent. The first deoxygenating catalyst comprises a neutral catalyst support, nickel, cobalt, and molybdenum. The first deoxygenating catalyst comprises nickel in an amount calculated as an oxide of from 0.1 to 1.5 wt. %.
Abstract:
En la presente solicitud de patente, se proporcionan distintas modalidades de realización de los métodos y de los catalizadores para la desoxigenación de un aceite de pirólisis derivado de biomasa. El método comprende la etapa de poner en contacto el aceite de pirólisis derivado de biomasa con un primer catalizador de desoxigenación en presencia de hidrógeno en unas primeras condiciones de hidroprocesamiento predeterminadas, para formar un primer efluente de aceite de pirólisis derivado de biomasa bajo oxígeno. El primer catalizador de desoxigenación comprende un soporte neutral de catalizador, níquel, cobalto y molibdeno. Además, el primer catalizador de desoxigenación comprende el níquel en una cantidad calculada como óxido de desde 0.1% a 1.5% en peso.