Abstract:
Processes and apparatuses for washing a spent ion exchange bed and for treating biomass-derived pyrolysis oil are provided herein. An exemplary process for washing a spent ion exchange bed employed in purification of biomass-derived pyrolysis oil includes the step of providing a ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream having an original oxygen content. The ion-depleted pyrolysis oil stream is partially hydrotreated to reduce the oxygen content thereof, thereby producing a partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream having a residual oxygen content that is less than the original oxygen content. At least a portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream is passed through the spent ion exchange bed. Water is passed through the spent ion exchange bed after passing at least the portion of the partially hydrotreated pyrolysis oil stream therethrough.
Abstract:
Processes for partially deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to produce a fuel for a burner. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is combined with a low recycle stream that is a portion of a deoxygenated effluent to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream, which is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form the effluent stream. The effluent may be separated and used to provide a product fuel stream for a burner.
Abstract:
Disclosed in one embodiment is a method for the catalytic pyrolysis of a carbonaceous material that includes contacting the carbonaceous material with a plurality of catalyst particles to produce a gas phase product and a solid phase product and separating the gas phase product from the solid phase product and the plurality of catalyst particles. The method further includes partially regenerating the plurality of catalyst particles by exposing the solid phase product and the catalyst particles to a first oxidizing condition to produce an oxidized solid phase and a partially-regenerated catalyst and cooling the partially-regenerated catalyst and a non-oxidized portion of the solid phase product. Still further, the method includes further regenerating the partially-regenerated catalyst by exposing the non-oxidized portion of the solid phase product and the partially-regenerated catalyst to a second oxidizing condition.
Abstract:
Processes for partially deoxygenating a biomass-derived pyrolysis oil to produce a fuel for a burner. A biomass-derived pyrolysis oil stream is combined with a low recycle stream that is a portion of a deoxygenated effluent to form a heated diluted py-oil feed stream, which is contacted with a first deoxygenating catalyst in the presence of hydrogen at first hydroprocessing conditions effective to form the effluent stream. The effluent may be separated and used to provide a product fuel stream for a burner.
Abstract:
Long chain alcohols and acids or other similar oxygenates such as esters are produced from paraffins (1) of similar carbon number by a process comprising paraffin dehydrogenation (2), carbonylation (9), and separation (21, 24, 30) . Preferably a mixture of paraffins extending over several carbon numbers and recovered from a kerosene fraction is processed, and unconverted paraffins a re recycled to a dehydrogenation zone. Alternative reaction zone configurations , catalyst systems and product recovery methods are disclosed.
Abstract:
This invention discloses an axial multiport rotary valve capable of accomplishing the simultaneous interconnection of a plurality of conduits in accordance with a previously determined cycle, where any conduit communicates with no more than one other conduit at any one cycle step, or valve index position. The rotary valve comprises a hollow stator element and a rotor element inside the hollow interior of the stator element which rotates with a substantially vertical axis of rotation within the stator element, the surfaces of both elements being in the form essentially of a frustum of an inverted cone. Bed-line ports in the stator and rotor have a non-circular shape with a greater dimension in the vertical plane for higher capacities than provided in the known art.
Abstract:
Long chain alcohols and acids or other similar oxygenates such as esters are produced from paraffins (1) of similar carbon number by a process comprising paraffin dehydrogenation (2), carbonylation (9), and separation (21, 24, 30). Preferably a mixture of paraffins extending over several carbon numbers and recovered from a kerosene fraction is processed, and unconverted paraffins are recycled to a dehydrogenation zone. Alternative reaction zone configurations, catalyst systems and product recovery methods are disclosed.