公开(公告)号：US09481705B2

公开(公告)日：2016-11-01

申请号：US14941164

申请日：2015-11-13

Applicant: THE REGENTS OF THE UNIVERSITY OF CALIFORNIA

Inventor： Nagichettiar Satyamurthy ,  Jorge R. Barrio ,  Bernard Amarasekera ,  R. Michael Van Dam ,  Sebastian Olma ,  Dirk Williams ,  Mark Eddings ,  Clifton Kwang-Fu Shen

IPC: C07H19/16 ,  B01J19/00 ,  B01J19/12 ,  C07B59/00 ,  C07C201/06 ,  C07D207/46 ,  C07H5/02 ,  C07H19/06

CPC classification number: C07H19/16 ,  B01J19/004 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J2219/00049 ,  B01J2219/24 ,  C07B59/001 ,  C07B59/002 ,  C07B59/005 ,  C07B2200/05 ,  C07C201/06 ,  C07D207/46 ,  C07H5/02 ,  C07H19/06 ,  Y10T436/115831 ,  Y10T436/12

Abstract: A modular chemical production system includes multiple modules for performing a chemical reaction, particularly of radiochemical compounds, from a remote location. One embodiment comprises a reaction vessel including a moveable heat source with the position thereof relative to the reaction vessel being controllable from a remote position. Alternatively the heat source may be fixed in location and the reaction vial is moveable into and out of the heat source. The reaction vessel has one or more sealing plugs, the positioning of which in relationship to the reaction vessel is controllable from a remote position. Also the one or more reaction vessel sealing plugs can include one or more conduits there through for delivery of reactants, gases at atmospheric or an elevated pressure, inert gases, drawing a vacuum and removal of reaction end products to and from the reaction vial, the reaction vial with sealing plug in position being operable at elevated pressures. The modular chemical production system is assembled from modules which can each include operating condition sensors and controllers configured for monitoring and controlling the individual modules and the assembled system from a remote position. Other modules include, but are not limited to a Reagent Storage and Delivery Module, a Cartridge Purification Module, a Microwave Reaction Module, an External QC/Analysis/Purification Interface Module, an Aliquotting Module, an F-18 Drying Module, a Concentration Module, a Radiation Counting Module, and a Capillary Reactor Module.

公开(公告)号：US20150175522A1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-25

申请号：US14415788

申请日：2013-07-23

Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AG

Inventor： Thomas Knauf ,  Michael Merkel ,  Antoni Mairata

IPC: C07C201/06

CPC classification number: C07C201/06 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

Abstract: The invention provides a continuous adiabatic process for the preparation of nitrobenzene by nitrating benzene with mixtures of sulfuric and nitric acids using a stoichiometric excess of benzene, wherein the content of organic compounds in the circulating sulfuric acid, at least during the start-up period of the production plant, is always kept below 1.0 mass percent, based on the total mass of circulating sulfuric acid. This is preferably achieved by a procedure in which, either after the end or before the beginning of a production cycle, the circulating sulfuric acid is circulated at elevated temperature so that the organics contained in the sulfuric acid, preferably comprising nitrobenzene and traces of benzene, dinitrobenzene and nitrophenols, are separated off in the evaporation apparatus for concentrating the sulfuric acid.

Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种连续的绝热方法，用于通过使用化学计量过量的苯将硫与硝酸的混合物硝化苯来制备硝基苯，其中循环硫酸中有机化合物的含量至少在启动期间 基于循环硫酸的总质量，生产厂总是保持在1.0质量％以下。 这优选通过以下程序来实现，其中，在生产周期结束或开始之前循环硫酸在升高的温度下循环，使得包含在硫酸中的有机物，优选包含硝基苯和痕量的苯， 二硝基苯和硝基苯酚在用于浓缩硫酸的蒸发装置中分离出来。

公开(公告)号：US20150175521A1

公开(公告)日：2015-06-25

申请号：US14413277

申请日：2013-07-23

Applicant: Bayer MaterialScience AG

Inventor： Thomas Knauf ,  Alexandre Racoes ,  Wolfgang Dohmen ,  Antoni Mairata

IPC: C07C201/06

CPC classification number: C07C201/06 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C205/06

Abstract: The invention relates to an adiabatic process for producing nitrobenzene by nitrating benzene with sulphuric acid mixtures and nitric acid mixtures using a stoichiometric excess of benzene and reusing non-reacted benzene, the content of the aliphatic organic compounds in the feed benzene being limited, by the targeted evacuation of aliphatic organic compounds to at least one step in the process, to a content of less than 1.5 mass-%, in relation to the total amount of feed benzene.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及通过使用化学计量过量的苯用硝酸混合物和硝酸混合物硝化苯并重新使用未反应的苯来生产硝基苯的绝热方法，所述进料苯中的脂肪族有机化合物的含量受到限制， 将脂肪族有机化合物定向排出至该步骤中的至少一个步骤，其含量相对于进料苯的总量小于1.5质量％。

公开(公告)号：US09012700B2

公开(公告)日：2015-04-21

申请号：US14240058

申请日：2012-08-29

Applicant: Thomas Knauf ,  Michael Merkel

Inventor： Thomas Knauf ,  Michael Merkel

IPC: C07C205/00 ,  C07C209/00 ,  C07C201/06 ,  C07C205/06

CPC classification number: C07C201/06 ,  C07C201/08 ,  C07C201/16 ,  C07C205/06 ,  C07C209/36 ,  C07C211/46

Abstract: The invention relates to a method for producing nitrobenzene, in which crude nitrobenzene is first produced by nitrating benzene and said crude nitrobenzene is then washed in succession in at least one acid wash, in at least one alkaline wash and in at least one neutral wash, at least one additional wash with an aqueous solution of a potassium salt being interposed between the last alkaline wash and the first neutral wash.

Abstract translation: 本发明涉及生产硝基苯的方法，其中首先通过硝化苯生产粗硝基苯，然后将所述粗硝基苯在至少一种酸洗涤液，至少一种碱性洗涤液和至少一种中性洗涤液中连续洗涤， 在最后的碱性洗涤和第一中性洗涤之间插入钾盐水溶液至少一次另外的洗涤。

公开(公告)号：US20120107175A1

公开(公告)日：2012-05-03

申请号：US13058526

申请日：2009-08-19

Applicant: Nagichettiar Satyamurthy ,  Jorge R. Barrio ,  Bernard Amarasekera ,  R. Michael Van Dam ,  Sebastian Olma ,  Dirk Williams ,  Mark A. Eddings ,  Clifton Kwang-Fu Shen

Inventor： Nagichettiar Satyamurthy ,  Jorge R. Barrio ,  Bernard Amarasekera ,  R. Michael Van Dam ,  Sebastian Olma ,  Dirk Williams ,  Mark A. Eddings ,  Clifton Kwang-Fu Shen

IPC: G01N31/00 ,  G05B1/00

CPC classification number: C07H19/16 ,  B01J19/004 ,  B01J19/126 ,  B01J2219/00049 ,  B01J2219/24 ,  C07B59/001 ,  C07B59/002 ,  C07B59/005 ,  C07B2200/05 ,  C07C201/06 ,  C07D207/46 ,  C07H5/02 ,  C07H19/06 ,  Y10T436/115831 ,  Y10T436/12

Abstract: A modular chemical production system includes multiple modules for performing a chemical reaction, particularly of radiochemical compounds, from a remote location. One embodiment comprises a reaction vessel including a moveable heat source with the position thereof relative to the reaction vessel being controllable from a remote position. Alternatively the heat source may be fixed in location and the reaction vial is moveable into and out of the heat source. The reaction vessel has one or more sealing plugs, the positioning of which in relationship to the reaction vessel is controllable from a remote position. Also the one or more reaction vessel sealing plugs can include one or more conduits there through for delivery of reactants, gases at atmospheric or an elevated pressure, inert gases, drawing a vacuum and removal of reaction end products to and from the reaction vial, the reaction vial with sealing plug in position being operable at elevated pressures. The modular chemical production system is assembled from modules which can each include operating condition sensors and controllers configured for monitoring and controlling the individual modules and the assembled system from a remote position. Other modules include, but are not limited to a Reagent Storage and Delivery Module, a Cartridge Purification Module, a Microwave Reaction Module, an External QC/Analysis/Purification Interface Module, an Aliquotting Module, an F-18 Drying Module, a Concentration Module, a Radiation Counting Module, and a Capillary Reactor Module.

Abstract translation: 模块化化学生产系统包括从远程位置进行化学反应，特别是放射化学化合物的多个模块。 一个实施例包括一个包括可移动热源的反应容器，其相对于反应容器的位置可从远程位置控制。 或者，热源可以固定在位置，并且反应小瓶可移动进入和离开热源。 反应容器具有一个或多个密封塞，其与反应容器相关的定位可从远程位置控制。 此外，一个或多个反应容器密封塞可以包括一个或多个导管，用于输送反应物，大气压或高压气体，惰性气体，抽真空和从反应小瓶中除去反应终产物， 具有密封塞位置的反应小瓶可在升高的压力下操作。 模块化化学生产系统由模块组装，每个模块可以包括操作状态传感器和配置成用于从远程位置监控和控制各个模块和组装系统的控制器。 其他模块包括但不限于试剂储存和输送模块，滤芯净化模块，微波反应模块，外部QC /分析/纯化界面模块，等分模块，F-18干燥模块，浓缩模块 ，辐射计数模块和毛细管反应堆模块。

公开(公告)号：US20110092415A1

公开(公告)日：2011-04-21

申请号：US12903822

申请日：2010-10-13

Applicant: David A. DeGoey ,  Warren M. Kati ,  Charles W. Hutchins ,  Pamela L. Donner ,  Allan C. Krueger ,  John T. Randolph ,  Christopher E. Motter ,  Lissa T. Nelson ,  Sachin V. Patel ,  Mark A. Matulenko ,  Ryan G. Keddy ,  Tammie K. Jinkerson ,  Todd N. Soltwedel ,  Dachun Liu ,  John K. Pratt ,  Todd W. Rockway ,  Clarence J. Maring ,  Douglas K. Hutchinson ,  Charles A. Flentge ,  Rolf Wagner ,  Michael D. Tufano ,  David A. Betebenner ,  Michael J. Lavin ,  Kathy Sarris ,  Kevin R. Woller ,  Seble H. Wagaw ,  Jean C. Califano ,  Wenke Li ,  Daniel D. Caspi ,  Mary E. Bellizzi ,  William A. Carroll

Inventor： David A. DeGoey ,  Warren M. Kati ,  Charles W. Hutchins ,  Pamela L. Donner ,  Allan C. Krueger ,  John T. Randolph ,  Christopher E. Motter ,  Lissa T. Nelson ,  Sachin V. Patel ,  Mark A. Matulenko ,  Ryan G. Keddy ,  Tammie K. Jinkerson ,  Todd N. Soltwedel ,  Dachun Liu ,  John K. Pratt ,  Todd W. Rockway ,  Clarence J. Maring ,  Douglas K. Hutchinson ,  Charles A. Flentge ,  Rolf Wagner ,  Michael D. Tufano ,  David A. Betebenner ,  Michael J. Lavin ,  Kathy Sarris ,  Kevin R. Woller ,  Seble H. Wagaw ,  Jean C. Califano ,  Wenke Li ,  Daniel D. Caspi ,  Mary E. Bellizzi ,  William A. Carroll

IPC: A61K38/05 ,  C07D403/14 ,  C07D401/14 ,  C07D405/14 ,  C07D413/14 ,  C07D491/113 ,  A61P31/14

CPC classification number: C07F9/65583 ,  C07C33/26 ,  C07C201/06 ,  C07C205/19 ,  C07D207/08 ,  C07D207/09 ,  C07D207/16 ,  C07D401/14 ,  C07D403/14 ,  C07D405/14 ,  C07D413/14 ,  C07D417/14 ,  C07D453/00 ,  C07D471/04 ,  C07D491/113 ,  C07K5/06

Abstract: Compounds effective in inhibiting replication of Hepatitis C virus (“HCV”) are described. This invention also relates to processes of making such compounds, compositions comprising such compounds, and methods of using such compounds to treat HCV infection.

公开(公告)号：US07553987B2

公开(公告)日：2009-06-30

申请号：US11824246

申请日：2007-06-29

Applicant: Tiruvettipuram K. Thiruvengadam ,  Tao Wang ,  John S. Chiu ,  Jing Liao

Inventor： Tiruvettipuram K. Thiruvengadam ,  Tao Wang ,  John S. Chiu ,  Jing Liao

IPC: C07C205/00 ,  C07C61/08

CPC classification number: C07C251/44 ,  C07C201/06 ,  C07C249/08 ,  C07C2601/16 ,  C07C205/56 ,  C07C251/42

Abstract: This application discloses provides a process for the introduction of nitro-group functionality into a compound which contains also a site of unsaturation and/or oxygen functionality by direct (one step) oxidation of an oxime functional group mediated by a molybdenum VI/VII peroxo complex, the process comprising: (a) providing a substrate of Formula I containing an oxime functional group;  wherein R1 and R2 are selected independently from linear, branched or cyclic alkyl and linear, branched or cyclic alkenyl groups, optionally substituted, with the proviso that at least one of R1 or R2 contains a carbon/carbon double bond; and (b) contacting said substrate of Formula I with a molybdenum oxidation complex, thereby oxidizing said oxime functional group to a nitro functional group to yield the structure of Formula III. Where R1 and R2 are as defined above.

Abstract translation: 本申请公开提供了一种通过由钼VI / VII过氧配合物介导的肟官能团的直接（一步）氧化将硝基官能团引入到还含有不饱和位和/或氧官能团位点的化合物的方法 该方法包括：（a）提供含有肟官能团的式I的底物; 其中R 1和R 2独立地选自直链，支链或环状的烷基和直链，支链或环状烯基，任选被取代，条件是R 1或R 2中的至少一个含有碳/碳双键; 和（b）使式I的底物与钼氧化络合物接触，从而将所述肟官能团氧化为硝基官能团，得到式III的结构。 其中R1和R2如上所定义。

公开(公告)号：US4992603A

公开(公告)日：1991-02-12

申请号：US363735

申请日：1989-06-09

Applicant: Roger Mari ,  Jacques Quibel

Inventor： Roger Mari ,  Jacques Quibel

IPC: C07C201/06 ,  C07C201/14 ,  C07C205/02

CPC classification number: C07C201/06

Abstract: Nitromethane is preparaed from a nitriding agent comprising an oxygenated nitrogen compound and a carbon compound containing two carbon atoms and at least one atom other than carbon and hydrogen.

Abstract translation: 硝基甲烷由包含含氧氮化合物和含有两个碳原子的碳化合物和除碳和氢以外的至少一个原子的氮化剂制备。

公开(公告)号：US4517392A

公开(公告)日：1985-05-14

申请号：US563215

申请日：1983-12-19

Applicant: Shu-Chieh P. Wang ,  Martin B. Sherwin

Inventor： Shu-Chieh P. Wang ,  Martin B. Sherwin

IPC: C07C45/29 ,  C07C201/14 ,  C07C205/02 ,  C07C79/02

CPC classification number: C07C201/06 ,  C07C45/29

Abstract: A process for selectively forming nitro compounds by contacting, at elevated temperature and pressure and in a homogeneous gas phase, an alcohol having from two to ten carbon atoms with nitrogen dioxide alone or in the presence of oxygen and/or water.

Abstract translation: 通过在升高的温度和压力下，均匀气相中将具有2-10个碳原子的醇与单独的二氧化氮或在氧和/或水的存在下接触来选择性地形成硝基化合物的方法。

公开(公告)号：US4458094A

公开(公告)日：1984-07-03

申请号：US341679

申请日：1982-01-22

Applicant: Martin B. Sherwin

Inventor： Martin B. Sherwin

IPC: C07C201/08 ,  C07C67/00 ,  C07C201/00 ,  C07C205/02 ,  C07C76/02

CPC classification number: C07C201/06 ,  C07C201/08

Abstract: An improved process for forming nitroparaffins by gaseous phase nitration of hydrocarbons higher than methane. The improvement comprises carrying out the nitration in the presence of a small amount of oxygenated hydrocarbons selected from aldehydes, ketones, alcohols, ethers and mixtures thereof.

Abstract translation: 通过高于甲烷的烃的气相硝化形成硝基烷烃的改进方法。 该改进包括在少量选自醛，酮，醇，醚及其混合物的氧化烃的存在下进行硝化。