Abstract:
A mass spectrometer ion reaction device, useful for performing ion-ion reactions (eg. ETD, PTR) is described. The device includes a plurality of non-linear rods, that form a pair of quadrupole rod sets. The device includes an axial passageway, that allows injections of ions of both polarities into the device, and a three dimensional trapping region. Anions and cations that are injected into the device are spatially separated into different trapping regions by a DC dipole electric field generated by a DC voltage source. The device also includes a plurality of lenses to confine, transmit or receive ions in/from the device.
Abstract:
Es werden ein Verfahren und eine Vorrichtung offenbart, die beliebige Muster ohne Verzögerungszeit und mit hoher Genauigkeit auf ein Target abzubilden gestatten. Dazu wird dem Korpuskularstrahlbenbündel ein zusätzliches über seinen gesamten Querschnitt partiell differenziertes elektromagnetisches Feld aufgeprägt, das das Korpuskularstrahlenbündel hinsichtlich seiner Intensität strukturiert. Als Mittel zur Erzeugung eines in sich strukturierten Feldes dienen linien-oder flächenförmig ausgebildete Elektrodenraster, von denen jede Elektrode eine unterschiedliche Ladung erhalten kann und die das jeweilige Strahlenbündel reflektierend oder streifend beeinflussen.
Abstract:
A display tube comprises an electron source (10), a module (20) provided with a guidance cavity (25R, 25G, 25B) for guiding electrons emitted by the electron source (10) to an exit aperture (27R, 27G, 27B) of the guidance cavity (25R, 25G, 25B) and beam-shaping means (30) for forming an electron beam (EBR, EBG, EBB) from guided electrons leaving the exit aperture (27R, 27G, 27B). The electron beam (EBR, EBG, EBB) travels towards a display screen (3). The beam-shaping means (30) are arranged to change a direction in which the electron beam (EBR, EBG, EBB) leaves the guidance cavity (25R, 25G, 25B) in accordance with a predetermined application. For example, the electron beam (EBR, EBG, EBB) is deflected to realize gun pitch modulation in the electron gun of a cathode ray tube. As the electron beam is deflected near the exit aperture (27R, 27G, 27B), spot errors are reduced and the display tube has a relatively high image quality.
Abstract:
A method and device for providing power to a load (11) are disclosed. A beam of free electrons is directed from a free-electron source, such as an electron gun (4, 15), into an enclosing conductive surface (2, 12). The free-electron source includes a cathode, which is maintained at a negative voltage with respect to the enclosing conductive surface. A region around the free-electron source is maintained in a vacuum (14). The system is configured to switch over a time period between two configurations. In the first configuration, the enclosing conductive surface (2, 12) is isolated from a ground (17). In the second configuration, the enclosing conductive surface (2, 12) is in electrical communication with the ground (17). Capacitive energy is discharged from the enclosing conductive surface (2, 12) when in the second configuration with an electrical circuit arrangement (8-10) and provided to the load (11).
Abstract:
The invention relates to an electron impact ion source for the generation of multiply- or maximally-charged ions, which comprises an electron gun with a cathode and anode for creation and acceleration of electrons, a device for axial-symmetric focusing of the electron beam, a means for introducing ionisable substances into an ion trap located in the region of the axial-symmetric focussed electron beam, which may be opened and closed, a device for destroying the electrons after passing through the ion trap, and a device for generating a vacuum around the axial-symmetric focussed electron beam and the ion trap within said beam. Said electron impact ion source is further characterised by the device for axial-symmetric focussing of the electron beam comprising at least two opposing, radially magnetised ring structures (2), whereby each of the ring structures (2) encloses the electron beam and both opposed radially magnetised rings (2) are linked by magnetic conductors (7, 9) to form a unified magnetic body. The invention is further characterised by the closed magnetic field passing through the ion residence zone in the ion trap, the cathode having a very high emmissivity of with a small cathode diameter and an applicable vacuum of from 10 to 10 Torr in the ion residence zone during operation of the electron impact ion source.
Abstract:
Verfahren zum Herstellen einer Atomfalle (20), mit den Schritten: (a) Aufbringen einer elektrisch leitfähigen Startschicht (2) auf ein Substrat (1), (b) Aufbringen zumindest eines elektrischen Leiterelements (4) auf die Startschicht (2) mittels elektrochemischer Abscheidung und/oder im Lift-Off-Verfahren, (c) Aufbringen zumindest eines Kontaktierungselements (6) mittels elektrochemischer Abscheidung und/oder im Lift-Off-Verfahren, sodass das zumindest eine Kontaktierungselement (6) elektrisch leitend mit dem zumindest einen elektrischen Leiterelement (4) verbunden ist, (d) Entfernen der Startschicht (2) in Bereichen, in denen kein elektrisches Leiterelement (4) aufgebracht wurde, (e) Aufbringen einer Isolierschicht (7), die das zumindest eine elektrische Leiterelement (4) und das zumindest eine Kontaktierungselement (6) zumindest teilweise überdeckt, (f) Planarisieren der Isolierschicht (7) und Freilegen des zumindest einen Kontaktierungselements (6), und (g) Aufbringen zumindest eines weiteren elektrischen Leiterelements (14) mittels elektrochemischer Abscheidung und/oder im Lift-Off-Verfahren, sodass das zumindest eine weitere elektrische Leiterelement (14) elektrisch leitend mit dem zumindest einen Kontaktierungselement (6) verbunden ist.