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    Ion air density sensor for atmospheric pressure and altitude measurements
    62.
    发明专利
    Ion air density sensor for atmospheric pressure and altitude measurements 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB990047A

    公开(公告)日：1965-04-22

    申请号：GB821561

    申请日：1961-03-07

    Applicant: BENDIX CORP

    IPC: G01L21/00 ,  G01N9/00 ,  G01N27/66 ,  H01J41/08

    Abstract: 990,047. Pressure measuring apparatus. BENDIX CORPORATION. March 7, 1961 [March 16, 1960], No. 8215/61. Heading G1N. [Also in Divisions G3 and H1] A pressure measuring device, e.g. altimeter, comprises an ionization gauge 5, Fig. 3, having a chamber 34 for receiving, through the conduit 80, a sample of gas the pressure of which is to be measured, anode and cathode electrodes in the form of three coaxial cylindrical tubes 50, 60 and 56, the inner and outer ones 50 and 56 of which are electrically interconnected to form the anode, radio-active material on the cathode 60 for ionizing the gas sample in the chamber, a thermostatic heating arrangement for maintaining the temperature of the gas sample substantially constant and electrical means connected between the anode and cathode via the conductors 37 and 62 to provide an output signal directly proportional to the density of the sampled gas maintained at said substantially constant temperature and hence directly proportional to the pressure of the gas. The cathode 60 and anode 50, 56 are connected through the conductors 62 and 37 to a D.C. source 70, Fig. 1, in series with a resistance 72 across which an output signal is passed to the indicating device 76 which can be of the type described in Specification 863,562. The heating arrangement comprises an electric heating coil 14, Figs. 1 and 2, surrounding the ionization gauge and controlled by bi-metallic switches 17, 18 in the circuit 24 selecting the parts 15, 16 of the coil 14 for coarse and fine temperature regulation. The gauge 5 and coil 14 are contained within a casing 7 filled with heat insulating material 26 such as fibreglass.

    Ionization detector
    63.
    发明专利
    Ionization detector 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB945438A

    公开(公告)日：1963-12-23

    申请号：GB1538861

    申请日：1961-04-28

    Applicant: BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS INC

    IPC: G01N27/62 ,  G01N27/66 ,  G01N30/70 ,  H01J17/30 ,  H01J41/08 ,  H01J47/02

    Abstract: 945,438. Discharge tubes. BECKMAN INSTRUMENTS Inc. April 28, 1961 [June 27, 1960], No. 15388/61. Heading H1D. [Also in Division G1] In an arrangement for detecting the presence of ionizable substances in a gas, such as the outflow from a chromatograph column, the gas is mixed with a second gas stream during its passage into an ionization chamber electrons which have previously been introduced into the second gas stream acquiring a considerably higher energy level under the influence of the electric field in the chamber, and in consequence effecting ionization of the components of the sample stream. The gas to be tested is admitted to the ionization chamber 24 by a pipe 37, Fig. 2, and the second gas (argon) is fed into the electron generator by a pipe 36. An ultraviolet lamp 25 acting on the metallic inner surface of tube 23, which may be copper, produces photo electrons which diffuse into the ionization chamber 24 with the second gas stream. The second gas, which may be argon, helium, neon, krypton, or Xenon, should have a high ionizing potential so as not itself to become ionized by the high energy electrons. Alternative electron generator metal linings are referred to including metal oxides, and metals like potassium and caesium of low work function responsive to visible light. The use of X-rays is also referred to. The projection of rays through the walls of a glass chamber and the use of a mercury arc lamp, hydrogen lamp, zenon lamp, or a heated filament are also described. Anode 33 is energized from a source 31 and the current after amplification in an amplifier 32 is recorded by a recorder 19. A modified arrangement, Fig. 3, includes an inwardly directed ridge 40 at the junction between the two zones and a baffle plate 41 on the inlet line of the gas under test. Numerous physical arrangements of the chambers including " in line," " L," " T " and concentric arrangements are described with reference to Figs. 4-9 and 11 (not shown), and an arrangement wherein the ionization chamber is included in a bore within a solid block of copper which latter forms the chamber for the electron generator is described with reference to Fig. 10 (not shown). The lamp in this latter arrangement projects substantially radially into the bore.

    Ionization chamber
    65.
    发明专利
    Ionization chamber 未知

    公开(公告)号：GB860577A

    公开(公告)日：1961-02-08

    申请号：GB941960

    申请日：1958-12-03

    Applicant: MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES CO

    IPC: G01N27/66 ,  H01J41/08

    Abstract: 860,577. Ionization chambers. MINE SAFETY APPLIANCES CO. Dec. 3, 1958 [Dec. 5, 1957], No. 9419/60. Divided out of 860,576. Class 39(1). An ionization chamber used for detecting the presence of a contaminant in a gas by feeding the gas and a reagent gas into a chamber so that nascent particulate matter produces a variation in ionization current comprises an outer electrode 2, for example of stainless steel, and an inner electrode 12, the tube having closure members 3, 7, an entrant tube 4 for the contaminated gas and a entrant tube 5 for the reagent gas, the flow of gas being determined by the connection of a pump to the outlet 8. The member 7 is provided with an insulated well 9 which may be of a suitable non-conductor treated with a compound to minimise surface absorption of moisture if necessary having a heating element round the well which is then preferably made of glass. A small amount of radium may be deposited on the inside surface of the outer electrode 2 to form the ionizing source 15 of alpha particles. Anhydrous ammonia may be used as the agent in detection of hydrogen halides of nitric oxide or sulphur dioxide. The detection of halogenated hydrocarbons may be performed by previous pyrolysis which yields hydrogen halide and subsequent testing with the ammonia reagent. Hydrogen chloride may be used as the reagent in the detection of ammonia or hydrogen cyanide. Acetic acid may be used as the reagent.

    Multi-element ionization chamber
    68.
    发明授权
    Multi-element ionization chamber 失效
    多元素电离室

    公开(公告)号：US4012729A

    公开(公告)日：1977-03-15

    申请号：US588153

    申请日：1975-06-19

    Applicant: Stephen Weaver ,  Lyman L. Blackwell ,  Paul A. Staby

    Inventor： Stephen Weaver ,  Lyman L. Blackwell ,  Paul A. Staby

    IPC: G01N27/64 ,  G08B17/10 ,  G08B17/11 ,  H01J41/08

    CPC classification number: H01J41/08 ,  G08B17/11

    Abstract: A fire alarm system utilizes an ionization type aerosol detector having first and second intercommunicating and electrically in series ionization regions or chambers irradiated by a particle source. Electrodes are provided which operate in conjunction with a DC voltage source to establish a relatively large voltage gradient across the first region and a relatively small voltage gradient in the second region. Also, the location of the ion source and the effective volumes of the regions are arranged to establish a comparatively high ion density in the first region. In operation, the impedance or resistance of the first region to ion current flow is substantially uninfluenced by the presence of combustion or smoke aerosols due to the relatively high field gradient while the impedance or resistance of the second region is measurably changed thereby. The insensitivity of the first region to the presence of smoke is due to the high voltage gradient therein, as well as to the high ion density therein. The detector operates by the method of employing the second region as a signal or sensing ion chamber and the first region as a reference chamber, thereby to develop electrical signals on the electrodes representative of detected smoke aerosols for driving the associated fire alarm circuitry. The ion collecting electrode in the second region defines a sensing volume which communicates with the surrounding atmosphere to be monitored and which is located at the optimum distance from the particle source to maximize ion production and collection.

    Abstract translation: 火灾报警系统利用电离型气溶胶检测器，其具有由粒子源照射的第一和第二相互连通且电串联电离区域。 提供电极，其与直流电压源一起工作，以在第一区域上建立相对较大的电压梯度，并在第二区域中建立相对较小的电压梯度。 此外，离子源的位置和区域的有效体积被布置成在第一区域中建立比较高的离子密度。 在操作中，由于相对高的场梯度，第一区域对离子流的阻抗或电阻基本上不受燃烧或烟雾气溶胶的存在的影响，同时第二区域的阻抗或电阻由此可测地改变。 第一区域对烟雾存在的不敏感性是由于其中的高电压梯度以及其中的高离子密度。 检测器通过采用第二区域作为信号或感测离子室并且第一区域作为参考室的方法进行操作，从而在代表检测到的烟雾气溶胶的电极上形成电信号，用于驱动相关的火灾报警电路。 第二区域中的离子收集电极限定感测体积，其与待监测的周围环境连通，并且位于距粒子源最佳距离处以最大化离子产生和收集。

    Ionization chamber in particular for a fire detection device
    70.
    发明授权
    Ionization chamber in particular for a fire detection device 失效
    特别是用于消防设备的离子室

    公开(公告)号：US3792254A

    公开(公告)日：1974-02-12

    申请号：US3792254D

    申请日：1971-07-15

    Applicant: VIGIFEU

    Inventor： LECUYER D

    IPC: G08B17/113 ,  H01J41/08 ,  G01T1/18

    CPC classification number: G08B17/113 ,  H01J41/08

    Abstract: An ionization detection chamber, in particular for a fire detecting apparatus, of the type comprising an ionizing source and two electrodes each of which constitutes an ion collecting electrode of a given sign. In order to minimize the variation of the ion collection current when the surrounding pressure increases, the chamber further comprises at least one ion collecting member integral with one of the electrodes, said collecting member extending towards the ionizing source in the radiation beam of the latter.

    Abstract translation: 特别是用于火灾检测装置的电离检测室，包括电离源和两个电极，每个电极构成给定符号的离子收集电极。 为了最小化当周围压力增加时离子收集电流的变化，腔室还包括与电极之一成一体的至少一个离子收集构件，所述收集构件朝向后者的辐射束中的电离源延伸。

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