Abstract:
A temperature probe (10) measures the temperature of a fluid which moves relative to the probe (10). The probe (10) includes a housing (14), a transducer (30), and one or more fins (28). The housing (14) has a bore (16) with a bore axis (18) and carries at least a portion of the fluid along the bore axis (18). The transducer (30) has a sensing length, and the fin (28) thermally couples to the transducer (30) along substantially the entire sensing length. The fin (28) is also substantially aligned with the bore axis (18) to promote laminar flow of the fluid in the bore (16). In a preferred embodiment the transducer (30) is held within a protective tube (32), and the fin (28) attaches to the tube (32) along a fin inner edge. The fin also attaches along a fin outer edge to a radiation shield (34) encircling the tube (32), the fin outer edge being shorter than the fin inner edge.
Abstract:
A temperature probe (10) includes a sensor material (14) optically communicating with a waveguide (16), and a sheath having a sheath coefficient of thermal expansion substantially matched to a thermal expansion coefficient of the waveguide. The waveguide (16) has first and second ends (16a, 16b) secured proximate corresponding sheath ends. In another aspect of the invention, waveguide ends are secured near the sheath ends, the sheath (18) is bent at one or more locations so that it is noncylindrical, and a midsection of the waveguide is loosely held within the bent sheath (18). In still another aspect of the invention, a metallic tube (64) with the sensor material (14) disposed therein is secured to the waveguide (16) by direct attachment to a metallic coating on the waveguide (16).
Abstract:
A cam operated clamp (10) having a housing (11, 51) which changes its effective diameter due to the rotation of a cam (40) includes a stop (33, 55, 60) for stopping cam rotation when the clamp (10) is tightened. The cam pin (40) has a stop lug (45, 49) formed on one end, which abuts with a stop tab (33, 55, 60) formed on a cam journal (27, 29, 63, 64, 65, 66, 76, 78, 82, 84). When the stop lug (48, 49) abuts with the stop tab (33, 55, 60) as the cam (40) is rotated in a first direction, the clamp is in a maximum clamping position and cannot be rotated beyond the tightened position to a position wherein the clamp is loosened.
Abstract:
A two-wire transmitter includes a pressure sensor (5; 160) comprising first (11; R9, R10) and second (13; R11, R12) sensing means each having an impedance value which varies with pressure being measured and with a predetermined environmental condition, such as line pressure or temperature. A fixed impedance (CL1, CL2; R13) has an impedance value which is substantially unchanged by variations in the predetermined environmental condition. A switch (208, 210, 212, 214; 234, 238) alternately connects the fixed impedance into operative relation with the first and second sensing means to derive first and second signals which are each functions of pressure being measured and the predetermined environmental condition. A correction circuit (206) processes the first and second signals, such as by a polynomial series or with a lookup table, to derive a corrected pressure signal.
Abstract:
A protection circuit is provided for protecting sensitive electrical field instruments from a transient voltage strike and for ensuring that the instruments will meet safety approval during high potential voltage testing. The first and second wires (52, 54) of a two-wire circuit are connected to a first and second terminal respectively. A first surge arrestor electrically couples a first path between the first and second terminal. An impedance (100, 102) and a transient suppressor (90) are connected in series and electrically couple a second path between the first and second terminal. The second path is coupled in parallel with the first path between the first and second terminal and is coupled closer to the internal components of the electrical instruments to be protected than is the first path. A second surge arrestor (106) is electrically coupled between the second terminal and ground, and has a higher voltage breakdown potential than the first surge arrestor (94).
Abstract:
A metal thin film (58) bonds a semiconductor bonding region (54, 56) of a diaphragm layer (50) to a ceramic bonding region (44) of a high modulus support block (40). The arrangement isolates a pressure sensing diaphragm (60) from undesired strain, improving sensor accuracy. A passageway (48) through the support block (40) couples the fluid pressure to the sensing diaphragm (60) to deflect it. Capacitive coupling between the diaphragm (60) and a capacitor plate (47) on the support block (40) sense the deflection and provide an output representative of pressure.
Abstract:
The present invention includes an ion diffusion junction in an electrochemical cell. The junction includes a polymer matrix that is impermeable to the sample solution. A plurality of inclusions are disposed within the junction matrix and oriented to form continuous hydrolytic pathways extending between the sample solution (34) and the reference electrolyte (18) such that ion diffusion occurs along the hydrolytic pathways.
Abstract:
A clamp housing (11) for cylindrically wound heaters (12), particularly for an injection molding nozzle heater, has a slit (16) that permits changing the effective diameter of the housing (11) and it is actuated by an axially extending cam pin (40) that can be easily adjusted from an exposed end of the heater (12). The cam pin (40) has a central cam portion (42) formed between two end hubs (41) that are rotatably mounted with respect to one edge of the longitudinal slit (16) in the clamp housing (11). The central cam portion (42) that is mounted in a loop (30) formed from the opposite edge of the slit (16) in the housing (11). As the cam pin (40) is rotated the two edges of the slit (16) in the housing (11) can be forced together because of the cam action and the housing (11) will tighten around a heater (12) held on the interior of the clamp.
Abstract:
A transmitter (10) measures pressures and has a pressure sensor (88) and an additional pressure sensor (90) providing additional measurement capability to the transmitter (10), such as an extended measurement range or measurement redundancy. Both pressure sensors (88, 90) share an overpressure protection device (12) which protects them from pressures exceeding a preselected pressure limit. The pressure sensors (88, 90) are batch fabricated and are formed in a single piece of brittle material (86).
Abstract:
A current-to-pressure converter (50) sets line pressure to a desired pressure indicated by the current. A circuit (56) senses the line pressure and the current, receives compensation, and outputs a compensated difference between line and desired pressures. A first driver circuit (64) provides actuator drive based on the compensated output. The actuator (68) controls the line pressure, but presents a temperature sensitive, reactive load to the actuator drive. A simulated load (76) simulates a resistive part of the actuator load. A second driver (78) provides simulated drive to the simulated load. The second driver (78) generates the compensation which simulates actuator drive parameters, but is isolated from reactive effects and temperature sensitivity of the actuator (68).