Abstract:
본 발명은 촉매 또는 연소 증강제를 그저 농도, 바람직하게는 연료 2억 부 당 촉매 1 부 내지 연료 6조 부 당 촉매 1 부의 범위로 첨가함으로써 연료의 연소를 개선시키는 방법에 관한 것이다. 촉매 또는 연소 증강제는 광범위한 적당한 화합물 중에서 선택될 수 있다. 본 발명의 방법은 촉매 또는 증강제를 적당한 용매와 초기 혼합하는 단계 및, 그 후 용매 또는 연료를 사용하는 희석 단계를 포함한다. 적당한 용매로는 물, MTBE, 메틸케톤, 메틸이소부틸케톤, 부탄올, 이소프로필 알콜 및 기타 친수성/친유성 화합물이 있다.
Abstract:
A method for imparting anti-static characteristics to fuel is provided, the method comprising supplying a hydrocarbon fuel and mixing the fuel with an ion, contained in an inorganic compound, to reduce the electrical resistance of the fuel.
Abstract:
The invention concerns a method of operating a gas turbine having a combustion chamber with a combustor, a vanadium-containing fuel being fed via the combustor to the combustion chamber and, separately from the fuel, a solution of a magnesium compound in water being sprayed into the combustion chamber. The invention calls for at least 0.75 and at the most 2 parts by weight of magnesium in the additive per part by weight of vanadium in the fuel to be fed into the combustion chamber. The supply of magnesium is preferably limited to a maximum of 1.5 parts by weight per part by weight of vanadium and is, in particular, about 1 part by weight of magnesium per part by weight of vanadium. The invention enables a gas turbine burning a vanadium-containing fuel such as heavy oil to be operated particularly economically.
Abstract:
Disclosed are methods and compositions for increasing the fuel efficiency of and/or advantageously modifying the emissions of an internal combustion engine. These preferred embodiments involve the addition of a selenium-containing material to the fuel upon which the engine is operated.
Abstract:
An ethanol/fuel blend composition. The ethanol/fuel blend composition includes an ethanol composition including at least 92 wt. % ethanol, and from 95 wppm to 1,000 wppm isopropanol and a fuel.
Abstract:
A method of improving the combustion of a fuel by adding a catalyst or combustion enhancer at an extremely low concentration, preferably in the range of 1 part catalyst per 200 million parts fuel to 1 part catalyst per 6 trillion parts fuel. The catalyst or combustion enhancer may be selected from a wide range of soluble compounds. The method may comprise the steps of an initial mixing of the catalyst or enhancer with a suitable solvent and then subsequent dilution steps using solvents or fuel. Suitable solvents include water, MTBE, methylketone, methyisobutylketone, butanol, isopropyl alcohol and other hydrophilic/oleophilic compounds.
Abstract:
A process for operating a utility boiler. The process has the following steps: (a) providing fuel to the boiler; (b) providing one or more additives selected from the group consisting of (i) one or more slag control agents, (ii) one or more oxygen-generating agents, (iii) one or more acid mitigation agents, (iv) one or more fouling prevention agents, (v) one or more oxidizer agents, (vi) one or more heavy metal capturing agents, and (vii) any combination of the foregoing to the boiler or an auxiliary device thereof; (c) providing air to the boiler; (d) burning the fuel in the boiler to generate heat and an exhaust gas; (e) intermittently or continuously monitoring one or more physical and/or chemical parameters of the fuel and/or intermittently or continuously monitoring one or more emissions variables of the exhaust gas to obtain one or more values therefor; and (f) varying or maintaining the rate at which either or both of the fuel and the one or more additives are provided to the boiler based on the one or more values obtained.
Abstract:
A method of improving the combustion of a fuel by adding a catalyst or combustion enhancer at an extremely low concentration, preferably in the range of 1 part catalyst per 200 million parts fuel to 1 part catalyst per 6 trillion parts fuel. The catalyst or combustion enhancer may be selected from a wide range of soluble compounds. The method may comprise the steps of an initial mixing of the catalyst or enhancer with a suitable solvent and then subsequent dilution steps using solvents or fuel. Suitable solvents include water, MTBE, methylketone, methyisobutylketone, butanol, isopropyl alcohol and other hydrophilic/oleophilic compounds.
Abstract:
A method reduces combustion chamber deposit flaking and spark ignited internal combustion engines. The method includes supplying a fuel having an additive that includes a metal-containing compound to a spark ignited internal combustion engine. The metal-containing compound is supplied in an amount effective to reduce combustion chamber deposit flaking. In one example, the metal is manganese and the additive compound is MMT. The reduction or elimination of combustion chamber deposit flaking means a reduction in cold start emissions from the engine.