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公开(公告)号：US4371785A
公开(公告)日：1983-02-01
申请号：US178190
申请日：1980-08-14
Applicant: Norman E. Pedersen
Inventor： Norman E. Pedersen
CPC classification number: G01N21/314
Abstract: A photometric detection method and apparatus employ a variable beam modulation device, such as a planar rotating disk whose reflectance and transmittance with respect an incident beam of electromagnetic radiation vary with disk angular position, to form, from an incident beam of radiation, two amplitude modulated correlated component beams. Preferably the amplitudes of the component beams vary sinusoidally, 180.degree. out of phase. In one embodiment, one of the component beams passes through a sample fluid, which absorbs a portion of the radiation at a wavelength characteristic of a selected component. The second component beam passes through a reference path and provides a reference relative to which changes in the sample fluid are measured. The component beams are combined and are directed onto a detector which produces an output proportional to the intensity of the combined beam. By properly selecting the parameters of the system, the AC component of the combined signal, if any, provides a measure of presence generally and if calibrated the relative density, of the selected sample fluid. In a second embodiment, a beam of polychromatic radiation passes through, and a portion thereof is absorbed by, the sample fluid before the beam impinges on a beam modulation device for forming the time-varying component beams. The thus formed component beams are filtered so that one component beam has energy substantially only at the sample fluid characteristic wavelength, and the other component beam has energy in energy bands which are unaffected by changes in the component of the sample fluid being measured. The component beams are combined and the AC component, if any, is detected and/or measured. In a third embodiment, a second movable element is supported in the path of the incident polychromatic radiation beam and serves as a variable, substantially monochromatic, filter for sequentially transmitting different energy bands to permit time sequential detection and/or analysis of a fluid medium at a plurality of wavelengths of interest.
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公开(公告)号：US4283142A
公开(公告)日：1981-08-11
申请号：US108461
申请日：1979-12-31
Applicant: Hubert De Steur , Chris Vandenbossche , Guido Heyneman
Inventor： Hubert De Steur , Chris Vandenbossche , Guido Heyneman
CPC classification number: G01J1/36
Abstract: A two beam alternating light colorimeter is disclosed wherein a light beam passing through a lens system having a shutter is periodically deflected by a pivoting mirror. In a first non-deflecting position of the pivotable mirror a first measuring beam is created which passes through a first measuring cell and is guided to a common photo cell. In a second deflecting position of the mirror a second measuring beam is created which is guided through a second measuring cell to the same photo cell. Signals from the photo cell are connected through a controlled switching element to an analog memory. A computing circuit is provided which connects to an output of the analog memory and also to the photo cell. The switching element connects the first measuring signal to the analog memory when the mirror is in a non-deflecting position and opens when the mirror is in a deflecting position. The computing circuit compares the signals corresponding to the first and second measuring beams.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种双光束交替光色度计，其中通过具有快门的透镜系统的光束由枢转反射镜周期性地偏转。 在可枢转镜的第一非偏转位置中，产生通过第一测量池并被引导到公共光电池的第一测量光束。 在反射镜的第二偏转位置中，产生第二测量光束，其被引导通过第二测量单元到相同的光电池。 来自光电池的信号通过受控的开关元件连接到模拟存储器。 提供了一种连接到模拟存储器的输出端以及光电池的计算电路。 当反射镜处于非偏转位置时，开关元件将第一测量信号连接到模拟存储器，并且当反射镜处于偏转位置时打开。 计算电路比较对应于第一和第二测量光束的信号。
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公开(公告)号：US4135820A
公开(公告)日：1979-01-23
申请号：US846509
申请日：1977-10-28
Applicant: Udo W. Drews , Norman Shifrin
Inventor： Udo W. Drews , Norman Shifrin
CPC classification number: G02B27/147 , G01J3/42 , G02B27/1006 , G02B27/143 , G01J3/08 , G01J3/1809
Abstract: A pair of optical beams of radiant energy from separate paths in a spectrophotometer are coaxially merged into a single composite beam with an optical member which resembles a coarse echelette grating. A reflective surface which includes the surfaces of sidewalls within a plurality of parallel grooves is disposed on the optical member. The grooves are arranged in a lateral array and are generally V-shaped cross-sectionally. The beams to be combined are directed upon the sidewalls and the composite beam is emitted therefrom in accordance with the law of reflection. When the beams to be combined include non-collimated rays, shadowing is provided by the portion of the optical member between adjoining sidewalls of adjacent grooves to reduce flare. Furthermore, image aberrations as caused by off-axis operation due to use of a spherical mirror in the beam combining arrangement, are substantially corrected by the optical member.
Abstract translation: 在分光光度计中的来自分离路径的一对辐射能量的光束被同轴地合并成单个复合束，其具有类似于粗小行星光栅的光学构件。 包括在多个平行凹槽内的侧壁表面的反射表面设置在光学构件上。 凹槽布置成横向阵列，并且横截面通常为V形。 要组合的光束被引导到侧壁上，并且根据反射定律从其发射合成光束。 当待组合的光束包括非准直射线时，光学构件的部分在相邻凹槽的相邻侧壁之间提供阴影以减少耀斑。 此外，由于在光束组合装置中使用球面镜由离轴操作引起的图像像差被光学构件基本上校正。
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公开(公告)号：US3805074A
公开(公告)日：1974-04-16
申请号：US32040173
申请日：1973-01-02
Applicant: TEXAS INSTRUMENTS INC
Inventor： MC CORMACK K
CPC classification number: G01N21/3504 , G01N21/39
Abstract: An apparatus for monitoring air pollution sources, such as, for example nitrous oxide (NO), sulphur dioxide (SO2), or sulphur trioxide (SO3) is disclosed. The apparatus includes a tunable diode laser as a transmitter of infrared energy. The diode laser is tuned in a periodic fashion such that the laser light emission wavelength is scanned through an absorption line of a pollutant gas. The tuning effect is produced by driving the diode laser with a current which is the sum of a d.c. and an a.c. current. The laser energy is transmitted to a beamsplitter. The beamsplitter divides the energy between a sample path and a reference path. The sample path may be an open air path or include a sample cell; the reference path contains a cell having a known concentration of the pollutant gas being monitored. A chopper is provided to alternately sample the radiation passing the sample and reference cells to a detector which produces an a.c. signal whose peak to peak difference value contains the information of the difference in concentration levels of the contaminant in the reference and sample paths. A feedback circuit is provided to feed-back a d.c. current, equivalent to the time difference between the offset in the center point of the diode emission and the center of the contaminant absorption line, to the laser drive circuit to provide automatic lock onto the center of the contaminant absorption line.
Abstract translation: 公开了一种用于监测空气污染源的装置，例如一氧化二氮（NO），二氧化硫（SO2）或三氧化硫（SO3）。 该装置包括可调二极管激光器作为红外能量的发射器。 二极管激光器以周期性方式调谐，使得激光发射波长通过污染气体的吸收线扫描。 调谐效应是通过以二次电流的总和驱动二极管激光器产生的。 和a.c. 当前。 激光能量传输到分束器。 分束器在采样路径和参考路径之间划分能量。 样品路径可以是露天路径或包括样品池; 参考路径包含具有被监测的已知浓度的污染气体的电池。 提供斩波器以将通过样品和参考细胞的辐射交替地采样到产生等离子体的检测器。 峰值差峰值包含参考和样品路径中污染物浓度水平差的信息。 提供反馈电路以反馈直流。 电流，相当于二极管发射的中心点的偏移与污染物吸收线的中心之间的时间差，提供给激光驱动电路，以提供自动锁定到污染物吸收线的中心。
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公开(公告)号：US3639062A
公开(公告)日：1972-02-01
申请号：US3639062D
申请日：1969-12-03
Applicant: ONERA (OFF NAT AEROSPATIALE)
Inventor： GIRARD ANDRE J , BOTINEAU JEAN
CPC classification number: G01J3/08 , G01J3/02 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/2846
Abstract: Spectrometer for the analysis of a polychromatic radiation flux which comprises, in a plane, a single radiation-conveying window having two multiplicities of alternating zones with different conveying characters for the radiation flux to be analyzed and such that the pattern of the zone boundaries has an axis of symmetry in that plane and a center of symmetry, the spectrometer also comprising an image-forming apparatus made up of a dispersive system having a spectrum-scanning movement and a collimating system, a receiver for the radiation flux, and means to modulate the radiation flux. The pattern of the zone boundaries and the image-forming apparatus are such that this apparatus casts, in the plane of the single window, a plurality of monochromatic enantiomorphous images of the window provided respectively by the monochromatic radiations constituting the flux to be analyzed, the center of one of these images being, for each position of the dispersive system, coincident with the center of the window.
Abstract translation: 用于分析多色辐射通量的光谱仪，其在平面中包括具有两个具有不同输送特性的交替区域的单个辐射传送窗口用于待分析的辐射通量，并且使得区域边界的图案具有 该平面中的对称轴和对称中心，光谱仪还包括由具有光谱扫描运动的分散系统和准直系统构成的图像形成装置，用于辐射通量的接收器，以及用于调制 辐射通量。
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Patent Agency Ranking
公开(公告)号：US3630626A
公开(公告)日：1971-12-28
申请号：US3630626D
申请日：1970-07-09
Applicant: CAMECA
Inventor： ROUBEROL JEAN-MICHEL
CPC classification number: G01J3/42
Abstract: In an infrared spectrometer with two channels preceded by a device for producing monochromatic radiation and constituted by a collimator, a diffraction grating and a focusing element, the collimator can adopt two angular rest positions by pivoting about an axis perpendicular to the lines of the grating; in these two positions of the collimator, the focusing element directs a monochromatic beam whose wavelength depends solely upon the position of the grating, either onto a first slot or onto a second slot, those slots being respectively coupled to the two channels.
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公开(公告)号：US11800981B2
公开(公告)日：2023-10-31
申请号：US16949466
申请日：2020-10-30
Applicant: Colgate-Palmolive Company
Inventor： Deborah Ann Peru , Hrebesh Molly Subhash
IPC: A61B5/00 , G01J3/02 , G02B6/04 , G01J3/06 , A61B5/145 , A61B5/1455 , G01J3/08 , G01J3/10 , G01N21/25 , G01J3/18 , G01J3/36 , G01N21/31 , G01J3/32
CPC classification number: A61B5/0075 , A61B5/0062 , A61B5/0088 , A61B5/14546 , A61B5/14551 , A61B5/4875 , G01J3/021 , G01J3/024 , G01J3/0205 , G01J3/027 , G01J3/0208 , G01J3/0218 , G01J3/0221 , G01J3/0229 , G01J3/0264 , G01J3/0291 , G01J3/06 , G01J3/08 , G01J3/10 , G01J3/18 , G01J3/32 , G01J3/36 , G01N21/255 , G01N21/31 , G02B6/04 , A61B5/441 , A61B5/4872 , A61B2562/0233 , G01J2003/061 , G01J2003/065 , G01J2003/066 , G01N2201/0826 , G01N2201/0833 , G01N2201/0846
Abstract: A spectroscopic system may include: a probe having a probe tip and an optical coupler, the optical coupler including an emitting fiber group and first and second receiving fiber groups, each fiber group having a first end and a second end, wherein the first ends of the fiber groups are formed into a bundle and optically exposed through the probe tip; a light source optically coupled to the second end of the emitting fiber group, the light source emitting light in at least a first waveband and a second waveband, the second waveband being different from the first waveband; a first spectrometer optically coupled to the second end of the first receiving fiber group and configured to process light in the first waveband; and a second spectrometer optically coupled to the second end of the second receiving fiber group and configured to process light in the second waveband.
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公开(公告)号：US11099131B2
公开(公告)日：2021-08-24
申请号：US16465238
申请日：2017-12-06
Applicant: University of North Texas
Inventor： Oliver Ming-Ren Chyan , Alex Lambert
IPC: G01N21/552 , C23F1/08 , C23F1/18 , G01J3/08 , G01J3/42 , G01N21/05 , G01N21/31 , G01N21/84 , G01N21/17
Abstract: Systems and methods for copper etch monitoring and control are described. Certain embodiments include utilizing thin-film cells to measure the absorbance of a copper etch solution to determine the etch rate of the solution. In another embodiment, a method of controlling etch rate of a copper etch solution includes detecting characteristics of the copper etch solution utilizing a sensor device, e.g., flow cell and/or attenuated total reflection probe, calculating, based on the detected characteristics of the copper etch solution, the etch rate of the copper etch solution, and adjusting the etch rate of the copper etch solution in response to the calculated etch rate deviating from a specified value.
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公开(公告)号：US20200284654A1
公开(公告)日：2020-09-10
申请号：US16808238
申请日：2020-03-03
Applicant: Si-Ware Systems
Inventor： Yasser M. Sabry , Mohammad Sakr , Bassam A. Saadany , Momen Anwar , Mohamed H. Al Haron
Abstract: Aspects of the disclosure relate to a multi-pass gas cell that includes a set of two or more reflectors, an input collimating optical component, and an output focusing optical component. The input and output optical components are integrated with at least one of the two or more reflectors. For example, the input and output optical components may be integrated on opposite ends of a single one of the reflectors or may be integrated on the same end of a single reflector. The input and output optical components may further be integrated with different reflectors. In some examples, the set of reflectors and optical components may be fabricated within the same substrate.
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