Abstract:
A sensing apparatus (10) consisting of more than one diode laser (12) having select lasing frequencies, a multiplexer (16) optically coupled to the outputs of the diode lasers with the multiplexer being further optically coupled to a pitch side optical fiber. Multiplexed laser light is transmitted through the pitch side optical fiber to a pitch optic (20) operatively associated with a process chamber (22) which may be a combustion chamber or the boiler of a coal or gas fired power plant. The pitch optic (20) is oriented to project multiplexed laser output through the process chamber. Also operatively oriented with the process chamber is a catch optic (24) in optical communication with the pitch optic to receive the multiplexed laser output projected through the process chamber. The catch optic (24) is optically coupled to an optical fiber which transmits the multiplexed laser output to a demultiplexer (28). The demultiplexer (28) demultiplexes the laser light and optically couples the select lasing frequencies of light to a detector (25) with the detector being sensitive to one of the select lasing frequencies.
Abstract:
A phased array antenna system operative to broadcast multiple beams that each include coded data for specific users located within the coverage area of the corresponding beam. An appropriate receiver then receives and decodes a particular beam to extract the specific data for a corresponding user. Multiple users may be assigned to each beam using frequency division or orthogonal code multiplexing, and the user data may be encoded into the beams using frequency shift key or phase shift key encoding. For each coding technique, the encoded antenna control signals are combined into a total gain and total phase shift control signal, which drives a single phase and gain control device for each antenna element. In addition, a single data modulator generates the coding parameters for the entire communication system.
Abstract:
9921. Howell, J. T. May 7, 1906, [date applied for under Patents Act, 1901]. Resistances f o r electric heaters. A wire, preferably iron or german silver is enclosed in a small glass or like tube, which is sealed at the ends and inserted in a copper or other heat-conducting sheath. The whole is then heated and bent into the desired form. Instead of the glass tube, glass or porcelain beads, threaded on the wire at intervals, may be used. In the submersible heater illustrated the resistance-element 2 is held between notched cross arms 7, 10 by a bolt 11. For heating liquids the resistance elements may be enclosed within an outer pipe, the liquid circulating between the pipes.
Abstract:
22,484. King, A. D. W., and Howell, J. H. Nov. 10. Drawings to Specification. Carbonic acid. - A special apparatus for the fermentation of beer out of contact with air is provided with an outlet through which the carbonic acid produced passes to a receptacle in which it is stored for future use.
Abstract:
A method of absorption spectroscopy to determine a rapidly variable gas parameter. The method includes transmitting light from a synchronization light source to a synchronization detector. The transmitted light is periodically interrupted by a moving mechanical part between the synchronization light source and synchronization detector. The output from the synchronization detector is used to generate a repeating time signal having variable phase delay. This signal is used to control the timing of laser spectroscopy wavelength scans. Multiple spectroscopic scans may be repeated at multiple selected time signal phase delay and the results averaged for each phase. Apparatus for implementing the above methods are also disclosed.
Abstract:
An apparatus (40) for a PCR reaction includes an array (41) of reaction vessels (42) is mounted on a thermal mount (43). The thermal mount (43) is positioned on a on a heater/cooler (45), such as a Peltier module. The array (41 ) is covered by a sealing film (44), which is sealed to the upper rims (49) of the vessels (42) to keep the reagents and reaction products within each vessel (42). A heated lid (50) is used to heat the underside of the sealing film to reduce condensation thereon of reagents vaporised during the reaction. The reaction vessels (42) are formed of an upper, thermally insulating part (25) and a lower, thermally conducting part (21) so as to facilitate accurate temperature control within the vessels but so as to reduce the amount of thermal energy conducted from the heated lid to the vessels, which would reduce the accuracy of the temperature control. The heated lid (50) may include a conformal layer (51) on its lower surface to conform to any variations in the configuration of the upper rims (49) of the vessels (42). The apparatus may include a thermal barrier between the lower portion (21) of the reaction vessels (42) and the heated lid (50).
Abstract:
A method of absorption spectroscopy including obtaining absorption data at multiple wavelengths along more than one line-of-sight path through a quantity of gas of interest. The method further includes identifying more than one temperature and gas species concentration bin along the multiple line-of-sight paths and creating a map of temperature and gas species concentration. The map thus created will have at least two-dimensional information derived from select temperature and gas species concentration bins identified along more than one line-of-sight path. Apparatus for implementing the above method is also disclosed.
Abstract:
A glyceride compound comprising a first aliphatic group and a first substituent group bonded to said first aliphatic group. The first substituent group has the formula -O(CH 2 CH 2 O) n P where n is 1 to 14 and P is a polymerisable group. An aqueous emulsion of the glyceride can be used in an emulsion polymerisation reaction to yield a polymer resin, which can then be mixed with a suitable base material, such as wood strands, to produce a composite material, such as Oriented Strand Board.
Abstract:
A sensing apparatus consisting of more than one diode laser having select lasing frequencies, a multiplexer optically coupled to the outputs of the diode lasers with the multiplexer being further optically coupled to a pitch side optical fiber. Multiplexed laser light is transmitted through the pitch side optical fiber to a pitch optic operatively associated with a process chamber which may be a combustion chamber or the boiler of a coal or gas fired power plant. The pitch optic is oriented to project multiplexed laser output through the process chamber. Also operatively oriented with the process chamber is a catch optic in optical communication with the pitch optic to receive the multiplexed laser output projected through the process chamber. The catch optic is optically coupled to an optical fiber which transmits the multiplexed laser output to a demultiplexer. The demultiplexer demultiplexes the laser light and optically couples the select lasing frequencies of light to a detector with the detector being sensitive to one of the select lasing frequencies.
Abstract:
A reaction vessel (10), typically a microtitre vessel. incorporating heating means (13) for effecting the reaction and having a lid (20) with a window (22) for enabling interrogation of the contents of the vessel (10), the arrangement being such that the heating means (13) also operates to ensure that the window (22) is kept vapour-free. Apparatus within which such reaction vessels are stationed during the reaction has an array of thermopile sensors (52) for measuring vessel temperature.