Abstract:
PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electrokinetic system which can remove charged chemical species from a sample. SOLUTION: The electrokinetic system comprises an anode compartment, a cathode compartment, a treatment zone (including a sample container and a chamber) which has been connected so that a fluid flows between the anode compartment and the cathode compartment, means for applying a voltage gradient across the anode compartment and the cathode compartment, and a pH controller. The chamber is provided between the anode compartment and the sample container and between the cathode compartment and the sample container. The chamber contains a porous matrix material for hindering the movement of a charged contaminant component and allowing charged chemical species to pass therethrough. Charged chemical species contained in the sample are moved due to the voltage gradient. The pH adjustment of the treatment zone accelerates the accumulation of contaminants in the porous matrix material and accelerates the separation of charged chemical species. COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT
Abstract:
A method and apparatus for in-process transient spectroscopic analysis of a molten metal, wherein a probe containing a pulsed high-power laser producing a pulsed laser beam having a substantially triangular pulse waveshape is immersed in the molten metal and irradiates a representative quantity of the molten metal. The pulsed laser beam vaporizes a portion of the molten metal to produce a plasma plume having an elemental composition representative of the elemental composition of the molten metal. Before the plasma plume reaches thermal equilibrium shortly after termination of the laser pulse, a spectroscopic detector in the probe detects spectral line reversals, as caused by absorption of radiation emitted by the hotter inner portion of the plasma plume to relatively coller outer portions of the plasma plume, during a short first time window. Thereafter, when the afterglow plasma is in thermal equilibrium, a second spectroscopic detector also in the probe performs a second short time duration spectroscopic measurement. A rangefinder measures and controls the distance between the molten metal surface and the pulsed laser.
Abstract:
A structural connector used to interconnect at least a first and a second member which includes a cone-shaped male part having an approximately elliptical cross-section attached to the first member and a female part forming a correspondingly elliptical cone-shaped cavity attached to the second member and adapted to receive the male part, whereby upon receipt of the male part within the cavity of the female part the first and second members are interconnected.
Abstract:
An electrokinetic system and method are provided for removing charged species from a sample in which said charged species is commingled with at least one radionuclide. The apparatus comprises an anode compartment comprising an anode, a cathode compartment comprising a cathode, and a treatment zone in fluid communication with the anode and cathode compartments for containing the sample. The anode compartment, cathode compartment, and treatment zone are arranged so that a voltage gradient applied between the anode and the cathode induces an electrical current flow through the sample in the treatment zone. The current causes migration of the positively charged species in the sample toward the cathode and the negatively charges species toward the anode. A pH controller is provided for monitoring and adjusting acidity and basicity to facilitate the removal of salts while maintaining contaminants within the sample.
Abstract:
Bituminous compositions of enhanced physical/performance properties comprising a combustion product of a naturally occurring asphalt from the Orinoco Belt of Venezuela and the bitumen base material, and methods for their preparation.