Abstract:
The present invention provides a method of depositing one or more layers of metal coatings onto an organic substrate. The method includes providing a source of a jet of molten metal particles having an average temperature within a predetermined range, an average velocity within a predetermined range. The jet of molten droplets is then directed at a surface of an organic substrate thereby depositing a metal coating on said organic substrate surface. The source of droplets is spaced from the organic substrate a pre-determined distance, and the average velocity and the average temperature are selected for a given metal such that the temperature of the molten metal particles is very close to the melting point of the metal as the molten droplets coat the surface of the organic substrate to minimize damage to the organic substrate.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a spray gun with associated nozzle attachments for high deposition efficiency for thermal spray of high quality, dense, low oxide content coatings. The spray guns are used to produce coatings using a thermal spray process, a high velocity oxy-fuel process, a high velocity air-fuel process, cold spraying, and plasma spraying in which the process is characterized by having an over-expanded flow with a Mach number from about 1.0 to about 4.0 which have passageway section which diverges to the gun outlet. In one embodiment the nozzle attachment is another diverging section with a greater angle of divergence than the diverging nozzle section. In another embodiment the nozzle attachment includes the aforementioned diverging nozzle attachment section followed by a converging nozzle section having an outlet section through which the thermal spray is emitted.
Abstract:
A DC plasma torch which includes a long lasting thermionic cathode and ha s a high thermal efficiency. The DC plasma torch employs a solid cathode mad e of graphite with highly ordered structure such as Pyrolitic Graphite or Ca rbon-Carbon composites. Furthermore, carbon containing gases will be used as plasma gas. The cathode will allow for theoretically an unlimited lifetime of the cathode.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a spray gun (10) with associated nozzle attachments for high deposition efficiency for thermal spray of high quality , dense, low oxide content coatings. The spray guns (10) are used to produce coatings using a thermal spray process, a high velocity oxy-fuel process, a high velocity air-fuel process, cold spraying, and plasma spraying in which the process is characterised by having an over-expanded flow with a Mach number from about 1.0 to about 4.0 which have passageway (28) section which diverges to the gun outlet. In one embodiment the nozzle attachment is anoth er diverging section (24) with a greater angle of divergence than the diverging nozzle section. In another embodiment the nozzle attachment includes the aforementioned diverging nozzle attachment section followed by a converging nozzle section (42) having an outlet section through which the thermal spray is emitted.
Abstract:
A conical inductively coupled plasma (ICP) torch (100) and a method for processing sample particles is disclosed. In this method raw, unprocessed, irregularly shaped sample particles (21) are injected into the conical torch, and pass through the plasma to form molten particles (22) and a spheroidization of the particles finally generates solid, smooth, spherical and dense processed particles (23) once cooled. The conical torch has a torch tube that has a conical section and an injector tube (2) that has a conical end. The conical section of the torch tube and the injector tube form an annular gap through which outer plasma gas is passed through. This conically exiting outer gas flow results in a rapid rise in gas temperatures and a short plasma region that rapidly melts any particles.
Abstract:
A torch for use in inductively coupled plasma is described. In the torch, a torch tube has an angular accelerator where a flow of gas experiences an increase in angular velocity. The torch tube also has a conical end where the increased angular velocity of the gas is encouraged to accelerate into a cavity that can support the plasma. In various examples, the conical end of the torch tube comprising a conical gap that accelerates the axial velocity component of the gas flow.
Abstract:
A DC plasma torch which includes a long lasting thermionic cathode and has a high thermal efficiency. The DC plasma torch employs a solid cathode made of graphite with highly ordered structure such as Pyrolitic Graphite or Carbon-Carbon composites. Furthermore, carbon containing gases will be used as plasma gas. The cathode will allow for theoretically an unlimited lifetime of the cathode.
Abstract:
The present invention provides a spray gun (10) with associated nozzle attachments for high deposition efficiency for thermal spray of high quality, dense, low oxide content coatings. The spray guns (10) are used to produce coatings using a thermal spray process, a high velocity oxy-fuel process, a high velocity air-fuel process, cold spraying, and plasma spraying in which the process is characterised by having an over-expanded flow with a Mach number from about 1.0 to about 4.0 which have passageway (28) section which diverges to the gun outlet. In one embodiment the nozzle attachment is another diverging section (24) with a greater angle of divergence than the diverging nozzle section. In another embodiment the nozzle attachment includes the aforementioned diverging nozzle attachment section followed by a converging nozzle section (42) having an outlet section through which the thermal spray is emitted.