公开(公告)号：CA2088100A1

公开(公告)日：1993-08-04

申请号：CA2088100

申请日：1993-01-26

Applicant: MURNICK DANIEL E

Inventor： MURNICK DANIEL E

IPC: G01N21/39 ,  G01N21/00 ,  G01N21/62 ,  G01N21/68 ,  G01N27/02 ,  G01N27/62 ,  G01N29/00 ,  G01N33/497

Abstract: The isotopic composition of a multiatomic isotope-bearing species such as CO2 in an analyte is measured by maintaining the analyte in a condition such that isotope-bearing species are present in an excited state and directing light at wavelengths corresponding to transition energies of isotope-bearing species with different isotopes. The interaction between the analyte and light at the different wavelengths is monitored, as by monitoring the optogalvanic effect caused by the light of the different wavelengths. The light may be supplied by a laser (10) including the isotope-bearing species. A stable isotope such as C or O can be used as a tracer in a chemical or biological test and detected using the composition-determining method.

公开(公告)号：WO2009139908A1

公开(公告)日：2009-11-19

申请号：PCT/US2009/003039

申请日：2009-05-15

Applicant: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY ,  MURNICK, Daniel, E. ,  MASOUD, Nazieh, Mohammad

Inventor： MURNICK, Daniel, E. ,  MASOUD, Nazieh, Mohammad

IPC: H01J1/02

CPC classification number: H01J63/02 ,  H01J63/04 ,  H01J63/08

Abstract: Excimers are formed in a high pressure gas by applying a potential between a first electrode (14, 214) and a counter electrode (25, 226) so as to impose an electric field within the gas, or by introducing high energy electrons into the gas using an electron beam. A phosphor for converting the wavelength of radiation emitted from the formed excimers is disposed within the gas and outside a region (62, 162) where the excimers are expected to be formed, so as to avoid degradation of the phosphor.

Abstract translation: 通过在第一电极（14,214）和对电极（25,226）之间施加电位以在气体内施加电场，或者通过将高能电子引入到气体中，在高压气体中形成尖峰 使用电子束。 用于将从所形成的激发器发射的辐射的波长转换的荧光体设置在气体内，并且期望形成激发子的区域（62,162）外，以避免荧光体的劣化。

公开(公告)号：WO2006026596A2

公开(公告)日：2006-03-09

申请号：PCT/US2005030787

申请日：2005-08-30

Applicant: UNIV RUTGERS ,  SALVERMOSER MANFRED ,  MURNICK DANIEL E

Inventor： SALVERMOSER MANFRED ,  MURNICK DANIEL E

IPC: H01T19/04

CPC classification number: H01J63/08 ,  H01J61/16 ,  H01T19/00 ,  H01T19/04

Abstract: Excimers are formed in a gas (30, 130) by applying a pulsed potential between a first electrode (14, 114) and a counter electrode (26, 126) so that corona discharge occurs, substantially without arcing, when the potential is on. The pulses or on-times of the potential desirably are about 100 microseconds or less. Use of a pulsed potential provides greater efficiency than a constant potential. Where the excimer-forming gas is a pure inert gas, the gas desirably contains less than 10 ppm water vapor.

Abstract translation: 通过在第一电极（14,114）和对电极（26,126）之间施加脉冲电位，使得当电位接通时，基本上没有电弧放电发生电晕放电，在气体（30,130）中形成发光体。 期望的电位的脉冲或导通时间约为100微秒或更短。 使用脉冲电位提供比恒定电位更高的效率。 当准分子产生气体是纯惰性气体时，气体理想地含有小于10ppm的水蒸气。

公开(公告)号：WO2005015697A3

公开(公告)日：2008-10-09

申请号：PCT/US2004024737

申请日：2004-07-29

Applicant: UNIV RUTGERS ,  SALVERMOSER MANFRED ,  MURNICK DANIEL E

Inventor： SALVERMOSER MANFRED ,  MURNICK DANIEL E

IPC: H01S3/134 ,  H01S20060101

CPC classification number: H01J61/16 ,  H01J61/0732 ,  H01J61/28 ,  H01J61/86 ,  H05B41/24

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for generating light such as ultraviolet light from excimer-forming gases. Gases are excited by radio frequency alternating current powered electrodes (200, 210) to form excimers that will decay and emit vacuum ultraviolet light. The halogen concentration is optimized so as to optimize emissions from halogen excimers (Z 2 *) or mixed rare gas/halogen excimers (RGZ*). Emissions from rare gas excimers (RG 2 *) are maximized by maintaining the gas in the discharge region at a relatively low temperature, desirably below 700 °K, so that the average kinetic energy of gas particles is less than the vibrational excitation energy of the excimer and substantially less than the dissociation energy of the excimer. Relatively large electrodes (202, 204) can be used to cool the plasma.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于产生诸如来自准分子成型气体的紫外光的光的方法和装置。 气体被射频交流电源电极（200,210）激发，以形成将衰减并发射真空紫外光的激发器。 优化卤素浓度以优化来自卤素衍生物（Z 2/2 *）或混合稀有气体/卤素衍生物（RGZ *）的排放。 通过将放电区域中的气体保持在相对较低的温度，优选地低于700°K，使得气体颗粒的平均动能更小，从而使稀有气体激发剂（RG 2 2 *）的排放最大化 比准分子的振动激发能大大小于准分子的解离能。 可以使用较大的电极（202,204）来冷却等离子体。

公开(公告)号：WO2005015697A2

公开(公告)日：2005-02-17

申请号：PCT/US2004/024737

申请日：2004-07-29

Applicant: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY ,  SALVERMOSER, Manfred ,  MURNICK, Daniel, E.

Inventor： SALVERMOSER, Manfred ,  MURNICK, Daniel, E.

IPC: H01S

CPC classification number: H01J61/16 ,  H01J61/0732 ,  H01J61/28 ,  H01J61/86 ,  H05B41/24

Abstract: A method and apparatus are provided for generating light such as ultraviolet light from excimer-forming gases. Gases are excited by radio frequency alternating current powered electrodes (200, 210) to form excimers that will decay and emit vacuum ultraviolet light. The halogen concentration is optimized so as to optimize emissions from halogen excimers (Z 2 *) or mixed rare gas/halogen excimers (RGZ*). Emissions from rare gas excimers (RG 2 *) are maximized by maintaining the gas in the discharge region at a relatively low temperature, desirably below 700 °K, so that the average kinetic energy of gas particles is less than the vibrational excitation energy of the excimer and substantially less than the dissociation energy of the excimer. Relatively large electrodes (202, 204) can be used to cool the plasma.

Abstract translation: 提供了用于产生诸如来自准分子成型气体的紫外光的光的方法和装置。 气体被射频交流电源电极（200,210）激发，以形成将衰减并发射真空紫外光的激发器。 优化卤素浓度，以优化卤素衍生物（Z2 *）或混合稀有气体/卤素激发剂（RGZ *）的排放。 通过将放电区域中的气体保持在相对较低的温度，理想地低于700°K，使得气体颗粒的平均动能小于受激准分子的振动激发能，使得稀有气体激发剂（RG2 *）的排放最大化 并且显着小于准分子的解离能。 可以使用较大的电极（202,204）来冷却等离子体。

公开(公告)号：WO2006026596A3

公开(公告)日：2006-03-09

申请号：PCT/US2005/030787

申请日：2005-08-30

Applicant: RUTGERS, THE STATE UNIVERSITY ,  SALVERMOSER, Manfred ,  MURNICK, Daniel, E.

Inventor： SALVERMOSER, Manfred ,  MURNICK, Daniel, E.

IPC: H01T19/00 ,  H01J61/00

Abstract: Excimers are formed in a gas (130) by applying a pulsed potential between a first electrode (114) and a counter electrode (126) so that corona discharge occurs, substantially without arcing, when the potential is on. The pulses or on-times of the potential desirably are about 100 microseconds or less. Use of a pulsed potential provides greater efficiency than a constant potential. Where the excimer-forming gas (130) is a pure inert gas, the gas (130) desirably contains less than 10 ppm water vapor.