Abstract:
Pacing parameters are provided to address cross talk and intrinsic ventricular events occurring within a predefined blanking period following an atrial event. The parameters are used in conjunction with protocol for minimizing or reducing ventricular pacing, wherein ignoring intrinsic ventricular events during the blanking period might otherwise affect the performance of the protocol.
Abstract:
Multiple-component integral-structure dual-test sterility indicator (19), method of assembling physical components, selected spores (28), and chemical constituents in solution, within the indicator and arranged to enable dual-evaluations of bacterial-lethality of a dry-goods load, resulting from exposure to a selected saturated-steam sterilization cycle. The chemical constituents are formulated to chemically produce reaction-product, which is quantitatively responsive to the combined effect of cycle steam temperature and time of exposure at that temperature, for providing a promptly-available spectroscopic evaluation of bacterial-lethality. Absorption of narrow-band selected visible-light wavelength by reaction-product, if any, of chemical-constituent solution, is used to quantitatively measure that combined-effect exposure. Subsequent to such prompt-response evaluation of bacterial-lethality, a biological evaluation of bacterial-lethality, utilizing the confined contents of the same test indicator (19), free of risk of ambient contamination of any such contents, by evaluating pH change, if any, due to live spore-growth, or the absence thereof, following a predetermined spore incubation period, utilizing the exposed liquid constituent-solution for such spore-culturing evaluation.
Abstract:
Multiple-component integral-structure dual-test sterility indicator, method of assembling physical components, selected spores, and chemical constituents in solution, within the indicator and arranged to enable dual-evaluations of bacterial-lethality of a dry-goods load, resulting from exposure to a selected saturated-steam sterilizing cycle. The chemical constituents are formulated to chemically produce reaction-product, which is quantitatively responsive to the combined effect of cycle steam temperature and time of exposure at that temperature, for providing a promptly-available spectroscopic evaluation of bacterial-lethality. Absorption of narrow-band selected visible-light wavelength by reaction-product, if any, of chemical-constituent solution, is used to quantitatively measure that combined-effect exposure. Subsequent to such prompt-response evaluation of bacterial-lethality, a biological evaluation of bacterial-lethality, utilizing the confined contents of the same test indicator, free of risk of ambient contamination of any such contents, by evaluating pH change, if any, due to live spore-growth, or the absence thereof, following a predetermined spore incubation period, utilizing the exposed liquid constituent-solution for such spore-culturing evaluation.
Abstract:
Pacing parameters are provided to address cross talk and intrinsic ventricular events occurring within a predefined blanking period following an atrial event. The parameters are used in conjunction with protocol for minimizing or reducing ventricular pacing, wherein ignoring intrinsic ventricular events during the blanking period might otherwise affect the performance of the protocol.