Process for the production of methacrylic acid
    5.
    发明授权
    Process for the production of methacrylic acid 有权
    生产甲基丙烯酸的方法

    公开(公告)号:US09464024B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-10-11

    申请号:US14913833

    申请日:2014-08-26

    CPC classification number: C07C51/38 C07C57/04

    Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making methacrylic acid, or a carboxylic derivative thereof, from itaconic acid, isomers, or precursors thereof. A starting material comprising an acid selected from the group consisting of itaconic acid, citraconic acid, mesaconic acid, citric acid, aconitic acid, isocitric acid and mixtures thereof, is subjected to contact with 0.1 eq. to 3.0 eq. of a base, at a temperature of 150° C. to 350° C., under the influence of a transition metal-containing heterogeneous catalyst. A better yield at lower temperatures is achieved.

    Abstract translation: 公开了从衣康酸,异构体或其前体制备甲基丙烯酸或其羧酸衍生物的方法。 包含选自衣康酸,柠康酸,中康酸,柠檬酸,乌头酸,异柠檬酸及其混合物的酸的原料与0.1eq接触。 至3.0当量 的碱,在150℃至350℃的温度下,在含过渡金属的非均相催化剂的影响下。 在较低温度下获得更好的产率。

    Process and intermediates for the production of furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof
    6.
    发明授权
    Process and intermediates for the production of furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid or derivatives thereof 有权
    用于生产呋喃-2,5-二羧酸或其衍生物的方法和中间体

    公开(公告)号:US09376414B2

    公开(公告)日:2016-06-28

    申请号:US14786723

    申请日:2014-05-08

    CPC classification number: C07D307/68 C07D307/56

    Abstract: Disclosed is a method of making 5-formyl-2-furoic acid and furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid. The method involves the use of 5-keto-aldonic acids as intermediates, as these can be subjected to ring formation by a cyclodehydration reaction under mild conditions. The 5-formyl-2-furoic acid or carboxylic derivative thereof is subjected to oxidation so as to form furan-2,5-dicarboxylic acid. The 5-keto-aldonic acid intermediates can be obtained by isomerization of uronic acids which can be obtained from sugar beet pulp, chicory pulp, fruit peals including orange peels, or non-terrestrial sources like seaweeds. A preferred source is sugar beet pulp.

    Abstract translation: 公开了制备5-甲酰基-2-糠酸和呋喃-2,5-二羧酸的方法。 该方法包括使用5-酮基醛糖酸作为中间体,因为它们可以在温和条件下通过环化脱水反应进行环形成。 使5-甲酰基-2-糠酸或其羧酸衍生物进行氧化,形成呋喃-2,5-二羧酸。 5-酮基醛糖酸中间体可以通过糖糖酸异构化得到,该糖醛酸可由甜菜浆,菊苣浆,果皮,包括橙皮或非陆地来源如海藻得到。 优选的来源是甜菜浆。

    STATISTICAL APPROACH FOR OPTIMAL USE OF GENETIC INFORMATION COLLECTED ON HISTORICAL PEDIGREES
    9.
    发明申请
    STATISTICAL APPROACH FOR OPTIMAL USE OF GENETIC INFORMATION COLLECTED ON HISTORICAL PEDIGREES 审中-公开
    用于最佳使用历史遗传资源的遗传信息的统计方法

    公开(公告)号:US20130117878A1

    公开(公告)日:2013-05-09

    申请号:US13670623

    申请日:2012-11-07

    CPC classification number: G06N7/005 G16B10/00 G16B20/00

    Abstract: This invention provides a novel means of predicting plant phenotypes that incorporates previously unusable dense marker data derived from historical pedigrees. The method operates by collecting information from a population pertaining to one or more loci, which is used to build one or more matrices by calculating, for the alleles present at the measured loci, the probability that the alleles are identical by descent. These matrices are then used to develop a second set of one or more matrices in which each value represents the probability that a certain individual in the population descended from a certain ancestral (founder) genotype. This set of second matrices can then be used as part of a breeding program for selecting and breeding individuals from the population or can be used to better classify the individuals in the population, leading to improved plant phenotypes.

    Abstract translation: 本发明提供了一种预测植物表型的新手段,其中包含从历史谱系中得到的先前不可用的密集标记数据。 该方法通过从属于一个或多个基因座的群体收集信息来操作,该基因座用于通过计算在测量的基因座处存在的等位基因来构建一个或多个基因,等位基因通过下降相等的概率来构建一个或多个基因。 然后,这些矩阵用于开发第二组一个或多个矩阵,其中每个值表示群体中的某个人从某个祖先(创始人)基因型下降的概率。 然后,该组第二个矩阵可用作育种计划的一部分,用于从群体中选择和繁殖个体,或者可以用于更好地对群体中的个体进行分类,导致改良的植物表型。

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