Abstract:
PURPOSE: A method for fabricating organic matter impregnated spherical silica powder is provided to reduce frictional force and increase packing ratio by fabricating silica powder in a sphere shape and give functionality or stabilize the organic matter by impregnating organic matter into inorganic matter. CONSTITUTION: In a method for fabricating organic matter impregnated silica powder by sol-gel method, the method for fabricating the organic matter impregnated spherical silica powder comprises the processes of preparing an emulsion in a water/oil shape by mixing the resulting solution using an emulsifier after adding a surfactant in which span 60 is mixed with tween 80 in a mixing ratio of 1:2 to a nonpolar solvent and adding a solution in which water glass solution, alkylsiloxane as a stabilizer and organic matter to be impregnated are mixed to the mixture; gelating the emulsion as slowly adding an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate to the emulsion; and cleaning the first dried powder with ion exchange water and secondly drying the cleaned powder after filtering the gelated and precipitated powder, cleaning the filtered powder with acetone and firstly drying the cleaned powder at a temperature of 50 to 100 deg.C.
Abstract:
A shaped electron beam column focuses electrons from an electron source (102) to produce a shadow image (114) of a shaped aperture (104) on a writing plane (108). The shadow image of the shaped aperture is the defocused image of a shape aperture. This defocused shadow image is in the object plane (112) of the shaped electron beam column. The shadow image in the writing plane is defocused because an electron beam lens (106) produces a focused image (110) of the electron source off the writing plane. The size of the shadow image on the writing plane may be altered by adjusting the electron beam lens to change the distance between the electron source image and the writing plane, i.e., defocus. Thus, a relatively large shaped aperture may be used in comparison to shaped apertures used in conventional electron beam columns. Further, only a small total linear demagnification may be used, which permits the length of the shaped electron beam column to be decreased. Consequently, the electron-electron interactions are reduced resulting in increased edge resolution of the image on the writing plane and increased current in the shaped electron beam column thereby increasing throughput.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A high concentration and crystalline titania(TiO2) sol with excellent hydrophilic and lipophilic properties is provided, which has stable dispersity in both aqueous solution and organic solvent, improved coating characteristics by adding TiCl4 to mixed solvent(aqueous solution+organic solvent) and hydrolyzing. The resultant TiO2 sol is used for coatings, photocatalysts and cosmetics. CONSTITUTION: The preparation method comprises the steps of: primary hydrolyzing TiCl4, being in a molar ratio of TiCl4/aqueous solution being 0.2-0.3, in a mixed solvent containing aqueous solution and organic solvent in a molar ratio of 0.5-4 for TiO2 sol, where the organic solvent is selected from ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol and tetrahydrofuran(THF); removing an unreacted mixed-solvent and a by-product(HCl) for a resin type solid TiO2; secondary hydrolyzing in an aqueous solution, being in a molar ratio of water/ TiO2 compound more than 10, and thermal treating at 20-90deg.C to get crystalline TiO2 particles; dissolving TiO2 into aqueous solution and concentration to be 30-50% of concentration. The resultant TiO2 sol are stably dispersed into both water and organic solvent due to hybrid structure, that is, hydroxide and organic functional groups are bonded to Ti ion.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A method for fabricating organic matter impregnated spherical silica powder is provided to reduce frictional force and increase packing ratio by fabricating silica powder in a sphere shape and give functionality or stabilize the organic matter by impregnating organic matter into inorganic matter. CONSTITUTION: In a method for fabricating organic matter impregnated silica powder by sol-gel method, the method for fabricating the organic matter impregnated spherical silica powder comprises the processes of preparing an emulsion in a water/oil shape by mixing the resulting solution using an emulsifier after adding a surfactant in which span 60 is mixed with tween 80 in a mixing ratio of 1:2 to a nonpolar solvent and adding a solution in which water glass solution, alkylsiloxane as a stabilizer and organic matter to be impregnated are mixed to the mixture; gelating the emulsion as slowly adding an aqueous solution of ammonium carbonate to the emulsion; and cleaning the first dried powder with ion exchange water and secondly drying the cleaned powder after filtering the gelated and precipitated powder, cleaning the filtered powder with acetone and firstly drying the cleaned powder at a temperature of 50 to 100 deg.C.
Abstract:
PURPOSE: A high concentration and crystalline titania(TiO2) sol with excellent hydrophilic and lipophilic properties is provided, which has stable dispersity in both aqueous solution and organic solvent, improved coating characteristics by adding TiCl4 to mixed solvent(aqueous solution+organic solvent) and hydrolyzing. The resultant TiO2 sol is used for coatings, photocatalysts and cosmetics. CONSTITUTION: The preparation method comprises the steps of: primary hydrolyzing TiCl4, being in a molar ratio of TiCl4/aqueous solution being 0.2-0.3, in a mixed solvent containing aqueous solution and organic solvent in a molar ratio of 0.5-4 for TiO2 sol, where the organic solvent is selected from ethyl alcohol, methyl alcohol and tetrahydrofuran(THF); removing an unreacted mixed-solvent and a by-product(HCl) for a resin type solid TiO2; secondary hydrolyzing in an aqueous solution, being in a molar ratio of water/ TiO2 compound more than 10, and thermal treating at 20-90deg.C to get crystalline TiO2 particles; dissolving TiO2 into aqueous solution and concentration to be 30-50% of concentration. The resultant TiO2 sol are stably dispersed into both water and organic solvent due to hybrid structure, that is, hydroxide and organic functional groups are bonded to Ti ion.
Abstract:
A shaped electron beam column focuses electrons from an electron source (102) to produce a shadow image (114) of a shaped aperture (104) on a writing plane (108). The shadow image of the shaped aperture is the defocused image of a shape aperture. This defocused shadow image is in the object plane (112) of the shaped electron beam column. The shadow image in the writing plane is defocused because an electron beam lens (106) produces a focused image (110) of the electron source off the writing plane. The size of the shadow image on the writing plane may be altered by adjusting the electron beam lens to change the distance between the electron source image and the writing plane, i.e., defocus. Thus, a relatively large shaped aperture may be used in comparison to shaped apertures used in conventional electron beam columns. Further, only a small total linear demagnification may be used, which permits the length of the shaped electron beam column to be decreased. Consequently, the electron-electron interactions are reduced resulting in increased edge resolution of the image on the writing plane and increased current in the shaped electron beam column thereby increasing throughput.